R E 6 



being enelofed in the albumen. Thofe genera which have 

 the habit of the Cypera-eous order, arc well diftinguifhed 

 from it by the (heaths of tlie ftem being fplit, not undi- 

 vided. Xyr'ts, though referred to the Rejliacea, and fcarcely 

 inore akin to any other tribe, Hill differs widely from the 

 relt of this order ; efpecially in the petal-like inner feg- 

 ments, or leaves, of its perianth ; the claws bearing the 

 ftamens at their fummits ; and the numerous feeds. See 

 ©bfervations on the generic character of ResTIO. 



The New Holland genera of the prefent order are Rcjlin, 

 IjCpyrodia, Lyg'mia, Anarthria, I.oxocarya, Leptocarpus, 

 tanthus, Hypo/ana, Aphelia, Devauxia, Ahpyrum, Erio- 

 cauUm and Xyrii. 



RESTIARIA, a name given by Rumphius, in his 

 Herbarium Ambmnenle, v. 3. 187, to two or three different 

 fhrubs, on account of their titnefs for ropes, or cordage ; 

 reftiariiu being a fort of bafe Latin word for a rope-maker. 

 The firfl of thefe, R. alba, t. 119, is a very well-marked 

 genus, for which the name might have been retained ; but 

 Linnxus, in his Suppleroentum, has called that genus Com- 

 merfaiiia, after the example of Forftcr, in his Nova Genera 

 t. 22. (See CoMMERSONIA.) Of the fecond, termed 

 R. nigra, Rumphius gives no plate. We fhall fpeak of it 

 prefently. Tin- third he has called Perth-aria, from pertica, 

 a llafT or pole ; which name is alio a fyr.O lym of the other 

 two. Nothing is known refpedting the flowers, or generic 

 character, of this laft. Loureiro has adopted the name 

 Rcjliaria, for a plant which he fuppoles the fame with the 

 nigra of Rumphius, but of which he knew the female 

 /lowers only. The following is his account of it. Loureir. 

 Cochinch. 639. Clafs, Dioecia; Order unknown, as well 



the Mat. Ord. 



Gen. Ch. Male flowers unknown. 



Female on a fcparate plant. Cal. Perianth fuperior, ob- 

 long, capfular ; limb in five deep, lanceolate, fpreading feg- 

 snents. Cor. none. Pijl. Germen inferior, oblong ; ftyle 

 none ; ftigma concave. Peric. Capfule calycine, ovate-ob- 

 long, fomewhat tapering at each end, five-ribbed, hairy, 

 with two cells and two valves. Seeds numerous, compreffed, 

 roundilh, with a long, thin, membranous, linear wing at 

 each fide. 



Eff. Ch. Male .... 



Female, Calyx five-cleft, capfular, fuperior. Corolla 

 none. Stigma concave. Capfule with five ribs, two cells, 

 two valves, and numerous winged feeds. 



Obf. We do not profefs to undcrltand Loureiro's cx- 

 pnflions of pcrianlhium capfulare, and capfula calyc'tria, but 

 give them as we find them, having no knowledge of the 

 plant itfelf. De Theis fuggells its affinity to Gouania. 



I. R. cordata. Lour. (R. nigra; Rumph. Amb. v. 3. 

 188?) — Native of the woods of Cochinchina. A large 

 /hub, with a reclining_/?a«, and climbing branches, deltitutc 

 of tendrils or thorns. Leaves oppofite, heart-lhaped, rugoie, 

 hairy, entire, large. Flowers in lax, axillary panicles, with 

 long general a.; well as partial flalks. The bark is tough and 

 porous, fplitting into long ftrips, of which torches are made, 

 and which ferve aifo for caulking of veflels. The generic 

 name was adopted by Loureiro, becaufe of the fitnefs of 

 the Hem:; and branches for cordage. 



K ESTINCLTERS, in Geography, a town of France, in 



the department of the Herault ; nine miles N.E. of Mont- 

 pelier. 



' Rl'.STINCTION, Restinctio, in Chmiflry, the 

 quenching of a metal or mineral in lb me liquor, in order 

 either to corredt or to exalt it ; by giving it fome new 

 quality, power, &c. 



RESTING Ground, in Gardening, the means of re- 

 Vol. XXX. 



R E S 



frefhing it, and of relloring its fertility by the omiflion oj 

 culinary crops, and the cultivation of fuch as have this ten- 

 dency, or by any other methods which mav have the fame 

 elka. It is a fort of management which is principals ac- 

 comphfhed in two different ways : the former of which is 

 that of Cowing a certain portion of it, annually, with com 

 and fome fort of grafs feeds, fuffering it to continue under 

 the latter of them for three or more years, as in arable field 

 land,, m order that it may then be broken up again. This 

 is a very beneficial method, but not much pra&ifed, except 

 by market -gardeners, who employ thefe two crops in feeding 

 and foddering their cattle. When made ufe of in other 

 ways, as in other gardens, great care fhould be taken that 

 the grafs never runs, up to feed, as is fometimes the cafe in 

 market-gardens, but in all other particulars the practice may- 

 be entirely the fame. In this way of proceeding, by fow- 

 mg and laying down a certain quantity of ground even 

 year, the fame extent may be broken up, which will, of 

 courfe, afford fo much frefh foil annually, upon which fuch 

 garden crops as anfwer belt on newly broken up land, may- 

 be put in and raiied, as thole of onions, carrots, turnips, 

 and a great many other kinds. 



The latter of the above modes of managing the bufinefs, 

 is, however, better adapted to gardens in general, as being 

 more fuited to the nature of their culture. It was, pro- 

 bably, firfl fuggefted by the author of the " Scotch Forcing 

 Gardener;" and is extremely well fuited to produce the 

 lame effefts and advantages as that which has been already 

 noticed ; and it may, indeed, in fome cafes, be combined 

 with it, or ufed conjointly, with great benefit ; as by fuch 

 means much frefh furfacc foil will be yearly at the command 

 of the gardener. The manner of performing it is this ; 

 after taking three culinary crops off from the firfl furface! 

 the ground is to be trenched over three fpits deep, by which 

 the bottom and top parts are reverfed, and the middle part 

 Hill remains in that fituation ; then three fimilar crops are 

 to be taken off from this furface, and the ground afterwards 

 trenched two fpits deep, by which means the top becomes 

 the middle, and the middle the top ; three of the fame kind 

 of crops being here alio taken oif from this furface, and 

 then the ground trenched three fpits again, that part which 

 was laft the middle, and now the top, becomes the bottom ; 

 and that which is now the bottom, and was the furface at 

 firft, ^now becomes the furface again, after having had fix 

 years' reft. By this alternate manner of proceeding, one 

 time trenching three fpits deep, and the other two, the fur- 

 face will conllantly be changed, and will reft (\:<. years, while 

 it is three years productive. On which account there will 

 be continually new ground and foil in the garden for tin- 

 growth of healthy culinary vegetables j and befides, much 

 lefs manure will be wanted than where the foil is lhallow, 

 and the fame furface conlbntly under culinary crops. 



Proper and careful modes of cropping, ^ s well as other 

 kinds of management, may likewife, in man] Safes, contri- 

 bute greatly to the fam< intention. 



Resting I.,m,l, in Agriculture, the means of keeping rl 



without any fori of crop, or only under particular kinds, in 



the view oi reftoringits fertility. This is done in the prac- 



ticeof naked fallowing, as well as that of cultivating given 

 crops by wa> of a fallow, and by laying land down to the 

 Hate of grafs, in order to its being ifterwards broken up for 

 gram crops. See Fallow and Fai.lowi.sc;, alfo Ghkln 

 Cl /', and LAYING down In grafs. 



RESTIO, in Botany, Irom refl'u, a cord, becaufe many 

 oi the genus ferve, at thesCape of Good Hope, where they 



abound, to makl ropes, balkets, &C. Rejlio is properly a 

 perfon who fells cord, or ropes. Luj-uia, fee that article, 



K 



