RES 



RES 



is nearly related in habit, as well as characters, to the prcfent 

 genus, and was finally united to it by Linnxus, contrary to 

 Thunberg's opinion. — Linn. Syft. Nat. cd. 12. v. 2. 735. 

 Schreb. 676. Mart. Mill. Diet. v. 4. Ait. Hort. Kew. 

 v. 5. 368. Brown Prodr. Nov. Holl. v. 1. 244. Thunb. 

 Dill. May 17. 1788. Rottb. Gram. 1. J u IT. 44. Labill. 

 Nov. Holl. v. 2. 77. Lamarck Illuftr. t. 804. (Chon- 

 dropetalum ; Rottb. Gram. 10. Calorophus ; Labill. Nov. 

 Holl. v. 2. 78.) — Clafs and order, DioeciaTriandria. Nat. 

 Ord. Calamarix, Linn. Junei,3uS. Reftiaceie, Brown. 



Gen. Ch. Male, Cal. Catkin ovate or oblcng, many-- 

 flowered ; its fcales coriaceous, imbricated, keeled. Pe- 

 rianth comprefi'ed, of four or fix, nearly equal leaves ; two 

 of the outer ones boat -like, the third flat ; the three inner- 

 moil lanceolate, thinner, one' of them broader than the reft. 

 Car. none, except the three inner leaves of the calyx be fo 

 considered. Stum. Filaments three, fometimes but two ; 

 anthers oblong, iimple, peltate. 



Female, on a feparate plant, Cal. and Cor. as in the male. 

 Pi/2. Germen fuperior, triangular ; ftyle one, deeply divided 

 into two or three parts ; ftigmas feathery. Perk. Cap.*ule 

 with two or three lobes, and as many cells, burfting at the 

 prominent angles. Seeds lolitary, fomewhat oval. 



Obf. Chondropetalum of Rottboll differs from the red of 

 the fpecies, in having the inner fegments of the calyx longer, 

 and of a cartilaginous texture. This diflerence, and the 

 11 ill more remarkable one in Xyris, between the outer and 

 inner fegments of the calyx, might furely authorize U3 to 

 call the three latter a corolla, in both thefe inltances. 



Eff. Ch. Male, Catkin imbricated. Perianth of four or 

 fix leaves, (horter than the icales of the catkin, delhtute of 

 internal feales. Corolla none. Anthers peltate. 



Female, Catkin and Perianth like the male. Stigma; two 

 or three. Capfule of two or three lobes, and as many cells, 

 burfting at the angles. Seeds folitary. 



The plants of this genus have a hard, rigid, fmoolh, rufiiy 

 habit. The root is fcaly, creeping, and perennial. Stems 

 rufhy, fimple or branched, leaflefs, fheathed with fcales 

 fplit at one fide. Calkins either folitary, fpiked or panieled. 

 Mr. Brown obferves, that the fear of the feed is naked in 

 the New Holland fpecies, but in thofe from the Cape of 

 Good Hope it is bordered. Several things which Thunberg 

 and Rottboll have referred to Reftio, are by Mr. Brown 

 removed to other genera ; fee Leptocarpls and Tiiamno- 

 CHORTis. This author defines 24 New Holland fpecies, in 

 his Prodromus. How many are found at the Cape, we 

 have no means of determining, becaufe of the uncertainties 

 refpecling their generic characters, which we have not 

 materials to remove. The following may ferve as examples. 



Seftion 1. Stern ftmpk. 



R. tctiorum. Thatch Rope-grafs. Linn. Suppl. 425. 

 Ait. n. 1. (Chondropetalum deuftum ; Rottb. Gram. 10. 

 t. 3. f. 2.) — Stem fimple. Leaves none. Catkins race- 

 moie, moitly leaning one way, drooping, bracleated, 

 roundiih, triangular. Gathered by Thunberg at the Cape, 

 from whence Mr. Mafion fent living plants to Kew, in I 7 

 They are kept in the greenhoufe, blofloming in May and 

 June. The rod is perennial, fmall and tapering, throwing 

 out horizontal fcaly {hoots. Stems feveral, a foot and half 

 high, ereft, very ilraight, round, {lender, fmooth, un- 

 branchedj with ihort taper-pointed (heaths at the joints. 

 C/a'/Vrterminal, compound, about two inches long, variegated 

 wit!; black, or dark purple, and brown. The ilems are ufed 

 for thatching, for which their hard rigid nature is well cal- 

 culated ; nor is this thatch difturbed by the very high winds 

 that prevail in fouthern Africa. Thunberg. 



R. tertWUs. Pendulous-headed Rope-gra r ;. Linn. Suppl. 

 7 



425. Thunb. Reft. n. 4. t. 1. f. 2. — Stem fimple. Leaves 

 none. Catkins turbinate, pendulous, on capillary ftalks. 

 Native of the Cape, on hills about the Table mountain. 

 TV^Jlem is {lender, jointed and fmooth, two feet high, or 

 more, with fcales at the joints, but no' leaves. Catkins 

 thre*e, four, or five, at the top of each Item, about the fize 

 of a pea, brown, obtufe, tapering at the bafe, pendulous, 

 each iupported by a capillary llalk. Scales obtufe, with a 

 fmall point. 



R. dichotomus. Fork-leaved Rope-grafs. Linn. Syft. 

 Nat. ed. 12. v. 2. 735. Rottb. Gram. 2. t. 1. f. 1. 

 ( Schoenus capenfis ; Linn. Sp. PI. 64?) — Stems fimple. 

 Leaves repeatedly compound, with awl-fhaped leaflets. 

 Panicle drooping. Catkins oblong. Scales taper-pointed. 

 Common at the Cape. Stems feveral, a foot or more in 

 iieight, bearing a lew {heaths. Leaves, or, as fome call 

 them, barren ilems, much fhorter than the flowering ftems, 

 (lender, twilled, branched, with a (heath at each joint ; 

 their ultimate fubdivifions awl-fhaped, channelled. Panicles 

 at the top of each Item, of 10 or 12 drooping oblong cal- 

 ii/is, whofe fcales are of a (hilling brown, and very finely 

 pointed. 



Seftion 2. Stem branched. 



R. ■verticillaris. Horfe-tail Rope-grafs. Linn. Suppl. 

 425. Thunb. Reft. n. 22. t. 1. f. 7. — Branches whorled, 

 jointed; with ovate fcales. Panicle compound, clofe. — 

 Found about the banks of rivers at the Cape. Stem five or 

 fix feet high, refembling an Equifetum in its copious, (lender, 

 whorled branches, from every joint ; bearing numerous 

 ovate, taper-pointed, fmall fcales. We confels ourfelves 

 unable to draw a line between thefe branches, and what we 

 have termed leaves in the laft-defcribed fpecies, except that 

 the latter are moftly, if not entirely, radical, and thefe 

 grow from every joint of the Item. The catkins are ex- 

 tremely fmall and numerous, in branched, repeatedly com- 

 pound, denfe cluilers. 



R. tetraphyllus. Four-leaved Rope-grafs. Labill. Nov. 

 Holl. v. 2. 77. t. 226, 227. Brown n. 24. — Stems femi- 

 cylindrical, with blunt (heaths. Leaflets fetaceous. Panicle 

 terminal, compound. Catkins nearly globofe. Scales 

 pointed. Male flowers fix-cleft ; female four-cleft. — Native 

 of New South Wales and Van Diemen's ifland. Stems 

 numerous, ftout, three feet high, with a few leafy branches 

 in the upper part, whofe ultimate divilions are briftle-ihaped. 

 Catkins (talked, ovate in the female plant, nearly globofe in 

 the male. The perianth of the female flowers has but four 

 leaves, that of the male fix. 



RESTITUTION, Restitutio, in Phyfics, the re- 

 turning of elaftie bodies forcibly bent to their natural rtate, 

 by fome called the motion of rejlitution. See Elasticity. 



Contraction being the proper and natural aclion of muf- 

 cular fibres, fome authors alcribe dilatation to a motion ot 

 reftitution ; but the exprellion, as well as the idea, is very 

 faulty. 



Restitution, in the moral and legal fenfe, is the act ot 

 reftoring a perlon to his right, or of returning fometlvmg 

 unjuftly taken or detained from him. 



Reftitution is reducible to commutative juftice ; and till 

 it be made, the cafuifts determine the party all the while 

 guilty of theft. 



The illegal incumbents of benefices are condemned to a 

 r ftitution of the fruits of the benefices. In the Romifh 

 church, ufurers, &c. are obliged to a reftitution of their 

 ill-gotten goods ; otherwife the prieit has no authority to 

 give them abfolution. 



Restitution in Blood. See Corruption of Blood, 

 Attainder, and Pardon. 



Resti- 



