R H I 



R H I 



the I Itli year of the French era, amounted to 2,837,063 fr. 

 and its expences, adminiilrative, judiciary, and tor public 

 inltruction, amounted to 354,279 fr. Its capital is Colmar, 

 and it is compofed of Upper Alfnce, Sundtgaut, Poren- 

 truy, and a part of the bilhopric of Bale. The foil is in 

 fome parts moderately fertile, and in others yields all forts 

 of grain, wine, and pallurcs. It has mines of (ilver, cop- 

 per, lead, iron, and coal, with mineral fprings. 



RiUXE, Confederation of the, now abolilhed. See CONFE- 

 DERATION, &c. 



Rhine and M of ellc, one of the thirteen departments of 

 that region of France called the Reunited country, bounded 

 on the N. by the department of the Roer, on the E. by the 

 Rhine, on the S. by the departments of Mont Tonnerrc 

 and the Saone, and on the \V. by the departments of the 

 Sarre and the Roer ; fituated in N. hit. 50 15', and formed 

 of a part of the electorate of Treves, S. of Roer, and on 

 the left hand of the- Rhine. Its territorial extent is 4860 

 kiliometres, or 290 fquare leagues, and the number of inha- 

 bitants is 203,290. It is divided into three circles or dif- 

 tricts, including 30 cantons, and 675 communes. The dif- 

 tridts are Coblentz, containing 69,900 inhabitants ; Bonn, 

 70,508 ; and Simmern, 62,882. According to Haflcntratz, 

 its extent in French leagues is 25 in length, and 12 in 

 breadth : it contains 3 circle,-, and 30 cantons, and a popu- 

 lation of 372,000 perfons. Its contributions to the land- 

 tax, &c. in the year 11, amounted to 1,717,463 fr. ; and 

 its expences, adminiilrative, judiciary, and tor public in- 

 itruction, were 239,885 fr. 33 cents. The capital of this 

 department is Coblentz. Several tracts in it are hilly and 

 wooded; and others, though but indifferently fertile, pro- 

 duce confiderable crops of grain, flax, hemp, wine, fruits, 

 and paltures. It lias mines of iron, quarries of marble, 

 ftone, Sec. 



RHINE, in Ichthyology, a name given by Ariftotle, Ap- 

 pian, and moil of the Greek writers, to that fpecies of the 

 Iqualus, which we ufually call the fguatina : the fqualus of 

 liidore and Pliny. Artedi has diltinguifhcd this from all 

 the other fpecies of the fqualus, by the having no pinna 

 ani, and the mouth in the extremity of the fuout. See 

 S«UALUS. 



RHINE-GRAVE, in Germany, a count palatine of the 

 Rhine. See Gkave and PALATINE. 



RHINE-LAND Rod, in Fortification, &c. a meafure 

 of two fathom, or twelve feet, uled by the Dutch and Ger- 

 man engineers, &c. 



RHINENCHYTES,in Surgery, a fyringe for the nofe. 



RHINFELS, in Geography, a town and fortrefs of Ger- 

 many, in the county of Catzenelnbogen, near St. Goar. 



RHINGAU, or RliElNGAU, a tract of country along 

 the Rhine, in the electorate of Mcntz, extending from 

 Baccharach to Mentz, celebrated for its excellent wine. 



Rhingatj, in Ichthyol >gy, the name given by fome authors 

 to the lavaretus, a imall lilh caught in the German lakes, 

 and Cent in pickle into mat I ths world. 



RHINHEIM, in Geography. See Rkinhp.im. 



RH1NIUM, in Botany, a name given by Schreber, in 

 his Genera, 701, to the Tigarea oi Aubli t, Lamarck Illutlr. 

 t. 826; but in his addenda, 833, referred to Tktkacf.ua ; 

 fee that article hereafter. 



RHINOBATOS, in Ichthyology, the name of a flat 

 cartilaginous lifh, of the fquatina or mrmk-filh kind, but 

 differing from it in this, that the body ie proportionally 

 longer, and the head is more pointed ; and the mouth is a 



freat way below the end of the fnout, and placed under the 

 ead. It is from three to four feet long, aud is common in 

 tlic Mediterranean, and brought to Basket D3 tome parts of 



Naples. This is a fpecies of ray in the Linnxan fyftem. 

 See Raia. 



RHINOCEROS, in Zoology, a genus of the clafs Mam- 

 malia and order Bruta, of which the generic character is, 

 horn foiid, perennial, conic, placed on the nofe, not ad- 

 tothe bone. There are two 



!] - ies. 



Unicornis; One-horned Rhinoceros. The one horn of 

 thisanimal marks the fpecies. It inhabits marfhy places be- 

 tween the tropics; lives on thorns and fpinous plants; it 

 may be tamed, and becomes mild, but when enraged it will 

 overturn trees with its violence 1 its fight is weak, but it? 

 hearing and finell are very acute. 



In the y. ir 1 - 39 we had a young rhinoceros with one horn 

 Ihewn in England, of which Dr. Parfons has given a very 

 accurate account in the Philosophical Tranfadtions, N" 470. 

 p. 523, cScc. or Abridg. vol. ix. p. 94, &c. 



The creature fed on rice, fugar, and hay ; his keeper 

 11 fed to mix the rice and fugar in the following manner : 

 n pounds of rice and three pounds of fugar made the 

 provilion for one day ; he eat this at three meals ; and betides 

 this he eat about a trufs of hay every week, and a largo 

 quantity of greens that were brought to him at different 

 times, and of which lie feemed more fond than of dried 

 food. He drank often, and always fwallowed a large quan- 

 tity of water at a time. 



He appeared very peaceable in his temper, and bore to be 

 handled on any part of his body with great patience, except 

 when he was hungry ; but he was then always outrageous, 

 as alfo when he was flruck. His motf violent paffions, 

 even on the la ft occaiion, were however always immediately 

 appealed by giving him victuals. 



Notwithstanding the lumpiih afpedt and heavy make of 

 this creature, he would jump about very nimbly in his tits 

 of paflion, and often leap to a great height ; and one com- 

 mon mark of his fury was the Itriking his head againfl the 

 walls, or any thing elfe that was in the way, and this he 

 would do with terrible violence. He was very apt to fall 

 into thefe pailions in a morning, before his rice and fugar 

 were given him, and from the whole he appeared quite un- 

 traceable, and feemed able, in his pafiions, to have run fo 

 fait, as that a man on foot could no' ped him. 



This creature was two years old, and did not exceed a 

 young heifer in height, but was remarkably broad and thick. 

 His head was very large ; and the hinder part of it, near 

 the ears, remarkably elevated abovi the reft ol the face, 

 which was flat, aud funk down in a remarkable manner in 

 the middle, riiing again towards the origin of the horn, but 

 in a much fmall r d .j;rce. 



The horn in this young animal did 1 in inch 



high from its tough baft ' a full grown animals it is 



fometimes three feet and a hall long), and was black and 

 fmooth at the top, leu ragged d awards; and the deter- 

 mination of its growth is backwai up i thi 

 is very evident!) feeninth •• old rhinocerofi .which 

 are always curved in a confider way. It we 

 coofi<ier the proportion of thi ■ Sze to the lengthof 

 its horn, and thence carry thi to that between 

 the large- horn- we lee 111 the mul the CUrioUS, WC muft 

 fuppofe the animal .if a very ftupi . .'.lien at its 

 lull growth. 



The fides of thi 1 nder-jaw in 1 very 



wide af ler, fl rd to the lower edge, and 



backward to th this 



(I picture of th I ... md 1 lily looks very 



large. The rhinoceros has four cutting teeth, one on eai II 



corner 



