R I C 



R I C 



correfponded with the ideas he entertained of the art, which 

 were certainly of a juft and elevated hind. There are, how- 

 ever, great ftrength, roundnefs, and boldnefs in the colouring 

 of his heads, which are drawn and marked in the manner of 

 Kneller, with freedom ar.d firmnefs ; though the attitudes in 

 which they and his figure; are placed, the draperies which 

 clothe the latter, and the backgrounds from which they are 

 relieved, are infipid and taftelefs. It is certainly a very cu- 

 rious circumftance, that, when he wrote with i"o much fire 

 and judgment, as is difplayed in his Eflay on Criticifm, and 

 the Science of a Connoiffeur, dived fo deep into the inex- 

 hauftible ftdres of Raphael, and was i'o fmitten with the 

 native luftre of Vandyke, he fhould fo HI apply to his own 

 practice, the fagacious rule? and hints he gave to others. 

 Full of theory, profound in reflections on tiie art, and pof- 

 fefled of a numerous ana excellent collection of drawings, 

 he appears to have poileffed no portion of invention, as ap- 

 plicable to the painter's art, and drew nothing well below 

 the head ; plainly manifesting the peculiarity of talte or 

 I t which lead ; to x in that profeffion. 



Thus much, however, faid of him, that when 



Kneller and Dahl were dead, he ilood at the head of 

 portrait painters in this country, and practifed in it fuffi- 

 ciently long to acquire a tolerable competency. He quitted 

 his occupation fome years before his death, when Hudfon, 

 who had married one of his daughters, maintained the fa- 

 mily honours for a while. Richardfon himfelf, by tem- 

 perance and tranquillity of mind, enjoyed a life, protracted 

 amidil the blefiings of dometlic friendfhip, to the advanced 

 age of eighty, and then died refpected and lamented. He had 

 had, a ihort time prcvioufly, a paralytic ftroke that affected 

 his arm, yet never difabled him from taking his cuftomary 

 walks and exercife ; and it was after having been in St. 

 James's park, he departed fuddenly, at his houfe in Queen- 

 fquare, on his return home. 



Thefale of his collection of drawings, in February 1747, 

 laded eighteen days, and produced 2060/.; his pictures 

 about 700/. He left a ion, who painted and drew alfo, and 

 who appears to have been a perfect pattern of filial reverence 

 and affection. 



Richardson, Samuel, in Biography, was born in 1689, 

 in fome part of Derbyshire, to which county his fa- 

 ther had retired from bufinefs, which he had carried on in 

 London. In very early life he was characterized for his love 

 of reading, and while a mere boy, he difplayed the uncom- 

 mon qualities of a talte for letter-writing and female fociety. 

 At the age of thirteen, he was fo much in the confidence of 

 three vouno- women, as to be employed by them in. making 

 draughts of letters to their lovers ; and, at this early period, 

 fuch Were his fidelity and difcretion, that not one of them 

 fufpedted him to be the writer for the others. He was ap- 

 pientic d to a printer, whom he ferved molt coi.icientioufly 

 for the full term of feven , Sealing from the hours allowed 



to reft and rec; ies for men al improve- 



ment. After the expiration of his apprenticefhip, he , 

 feveral y< - -tan in a printing-o 



fet up in bufinefs for himfelf. Hi of diKgence and 



accuracy, and led him em- 



ployers and fri ■ ihe was often applied lo by book- 

 ies, and writing prefaces and dedi- 

 c .; .'.lion of his becoming a novel- 



writer, was an application made to him 

 to . them a volume of let- immon ftyle, on 



fubjects that mighi the ufe of thole 



), a ri ... afelves. Heexteftded 



the idea to the conveying of inttruction in thinking and 



acting upon important occafions ; and in compofing fome 

 letters for the falutary purpofe of teaching young women 

 going out to fervice how to avoid the fnares that might be 

 laid for their chaftity, a ftory which he had heard many 

 years before of a real occurrence came into his mind, and 

 became the parent of " Pamela." This work was publifhed 

 in 1740, and was received with extraordinary applaufe by 

 readers of all ranks. It brought the author into immed 

 notice ; but his " Clariffa," of which the firlt two volumes 

 appeared in 1748, placed him in the firft rank of noveliils. 

 " A tale fo varied by character, fo minutely developing th-.- 

 movements of the human heart, fo pathetic in its circuin- 

 itances, and prefenting fo fublime and perfect an image of 

 i male purity, had i:. sen given to the public. 



The intereft it excited during its progreffive appearance, 

 efpecially among female readers was incredible, and the 

 fate of no real perfonage could have agitated more bofoms 

 than that of the fictitious heroine." Rouff;au, in fpeaking 

 of it, afterts, that " nothing was ever written equal or ap- 

 proaching to it in any language." The " Hiftjry of Sir 

 Charles Grandifon," his concluding work, appeared in 

 1753, which was intended to give the world an example 

 perfect man, uniting the fine gentleman and the 

 Chriitian. 



While he was advancing in the career of his literary fame, 

 he was not inattentive to that improvement of his fortune 

 which his aifiduity and integrity in his profeffion fo well me- 

 rited. His firtt great public employment was that of print- 

 ing the " Journals of the Houfe of Commons," in 26 vols, 

 folio, which he obtained through the recommendation of his 

 friend, Mr. Speaker Onflow. In I754herofeto be m 

 of the Stationers' company, and in 1760 he purchafed . 

 half of the patent of law-printer to his majefty. He was 

 twice married, and had feveral children, but four daughter 

 only grew up to folace his declining years. He was the fub- 

 ftantial valuable friend in difficulty, diltrefs, and ficknefs. 

 He was moil exemplary in temperance both of body and 

 mind, and in the faithful difcharge of every moral duty. 

 He died at the age of feventy-two, and was interred b-\ 

 fide of his firlt wife in St. Bride's church. The writings of 

 Richardfon, exclufiveof the three novels above r. 

 were of no great confequence. They are chiefly tl : " Fa- 

 miliar Letters" already noticed ; an edition of " iEfop's 

 Fables," with reflections. His " Correl ,' (elected 



from the original manuicripts, -was pubi: . volumes, 



in the year 1804.. with a biographical account of tiie au- 

 thor, by Mrs. Barbauld, to which the reader is referred for 

 more particulars relating to Mr. R: 



Richardson 's Bay, in y, a bay on the fc. 



coalt of Jamaica. 



RICHAW, a town of Pruffia, in the province of Ober- 



iles S. of Liebit 

 IlICHBOROUGH, a hamlet, and a diftrict cf ! 

 in the parifh of Afh, I I hundred cf Winghatn, 



lathe of St. Augufline, . ; of Kent, England, is 



fituated about two miles N.W. from the town cf . 

 It is noted in hiftory as the icite of the Roir 

 guard d the (buthern entrance oi the Porl 



1'. d rived its bi ime of Rutupium. 



fortrefs which defended the northern entr.. . 

 Regulbium ; and is noticed under the article Rei I i.ver. 

 This port, in Roman times, appears to have molt 



famous of any in Britain ; for it is noticed 

 of Lucan, Juvenal, and Aitfonius ; and al 

 Tacitus, Ami: nus, and Orofius. It like- 



wife occurs in the Geography of Ptolemy, in the Itinerary 



of 



