11 I G 



man's and gentleman's child learned, in the courfe of their 

 education : thefe were the minuet, rigaudon, and l'ouvrc, 

 all natives of France, during the reign of Louis XIV. 



The air to the rigaudon is always in jig time of £, be- 

 ginning with an odd quaver. See Dance, Minuet, and 

 l'Ouvre. 



RIGAL, in Mujic. See Rigoll. 



RIGAUD, Hyacinth, in Biography, was born at 

 Perpignan, in Languedoc, in 1663, and was the fon of 

 Matthias Rigaud, a painter of fome note, from whom, of 

 courfe, he received his initiation into the myfteries of his 

 art. He had the misfortune tolofe his inilru£lor, when he 

 was only eight years of age ; and for a while, he was at the 

 mercy of incapable mailers. At length he became ac- 

 quainted with a portrait-painter, of the name of Ranc, und< r 

 whom he acquired confiderable freedom of taite ; and, after 

 a few years, was enabled to produce works which rivalled 

 thofe of his mailer, for truth, for livelinefs, and cx- 

 preflion. 



He was impatiently defirons of vifiting Italy, but was 

 diffuaded from it by Le Brun, who advifed him to continue 

 at Paris, and iludy portraiture ; by which he might allure 

 himfelf of fortune and reputation : and his fublequent fuccefs 

 proved the propriety and kindnefs of the advice. He foon 

 diftinguiihed himfelf by a richnefs and boldnefs of ftyle, that 

 induced the king of France, Louis XIV., to fit to him for 

 his portrait ; and in fucceflion, he painted the princes of the 

 blood, and prime nobility of the kingdom. Many fo-eign 

 princes, nobles, and generals, alfo had their portraits from 

 his hand ; and he treated them with a fplendour in compofi- 

 tion, of which he is the inventor, and which unfortunately 

 governed the French fchool of portrait-painters till the revolu- 

 tion. We fay, unfortunately ! — for though Rigaud managed 

 it with great dexterity, yet not being founded in nature, it 

 neceflarily led to error. To produce fupcrior grace, the 

 actions of the figures are twilled, and too often diftorted : 

 they are engaged about trifles, with an air of immenfe im- 

 portance ; and the draperies arranged in flowing lines, which 

 convey an idea of motion in fubltances which would require 

 a guft of wind to move them, while the wearers are tran- 

 quilly feated in fplendid apartments, and under complete 

 fhelter. He died in 174,, at the advanced age of 80. 



RIGAULT, Nicholas, was born at Paris in i"", 

 and was educated among the Jefuits, who in vain at- 

 tempted to induce him to enter into their fociety. Asa 

 literary character, he made himfelf known by a fatirical 

 work, entitled " Funus Parafiticum," publiflied in 1596; 

 with which the celebrated de Thou was fo much delighted, 

 that he entrulted him with the education of his fon. When 

 the learned Cafaubon, who had the care of the royal library, 

 removed to England, Rigault fucceeded him in that em- 

 ployment. His fervices were fo well approved, that he was 

 created attorney -general of the fovereign chamber of Nanci, 

 counfellor to the parliament of Metz, and, finally, intendant 

 of that province. He died at Toul in 1654, at the age 

 of 77, with a character for generolity, modefty, and bene 

 volence, that contributed as much to his reputation as his 

 numerous writings. It was chiefly as an editor of Greek 

 and Latin authors that he made himfelf known to the 

 learned world. Of thefe were " Mmutius Felix," 1643 ; 

 "St. Cyprian," 1648; and " Tertullian," 1664; en- 

 riched with ufeful notes, corrections, and obiervations. 

 He gave tranflations of the Greek writers, " Onofander," 

 " Artemidorus," and others ; and he edited, with notes, 

 " Phaedrus," « Martial," " Rei Agrarias Scriptores," &c. 

 He alfo wrote and edited fome work* on juridical fubje&s ; 



RIG 



and he was appointed, together with Peter Dupin, by the 

 will of the prefident de Thou, to give a complete edition of 

 his hiftory, which appeared at Geneva in 16201 



RIGEL, in AJlronomy See Regel. 



Rigei., or Riegel, Anthony, in Biography, a harp- 

 fichord malter and cumpofer. In 1780 he was at Spire, 

 Manheim, and Paris, where he publiflied pieces for the 

 harpfichord, with a violin accompaniment in duo, a parte 

 equali ; and afterwards capriccios tor the harpfichord. His 

 ftyle is flight, with little invention, but not vulgar. 



RIGG, in Agriculture, a provincial word, ufed to fignify 

 the fame as ridge. 



RIGGEN, in Rural E*jnomy, the ridge of the roof of 

 a building. See Farm- Building. 



Riggkn-T/w, the piece of timber laid along the ridge of 

 a roof, to iupport the head^ of the fpars or rafters, which, 

 in modern buildings, is found unneceffary. 



RIGGIL. See Rig and Ridgil. 



RIGGING, a general name given to all the ropes em- 

 ployed to Iupport the mails, and to extend or reduce the 

 fails, or arrange them to the difpolition of the wind. 



The former, which are ufed to fuftain the malls, remain 

 ufually in a fixed pofition, and are called Jlanding rigging: 

 fuch are the flirouds, ilays, and backilays. (Plate III. 

 R'gg ! "£> fig- '•) The latter, whofe office it is to manage 

 the tails, by communicating with various blocks, &c. fitu- 

 ated in different parts of the mails, yards, fhrouds, &c. are 

 comprehended in the general term ot running rigging : fuch 

 are the braces, flieets, haliards, clue-lines, brails, &c. 

 Plate III. fig. 2. 



The principal objefts to be confidered in rigging a (hip 

 appear to be flrength, convenience, and fimplicity ; or the 

 properties of affording fufficient fecurity to the mails, yards, 

 and fails ; of arranging the whole in the moll advantageous 

 manner, to luccour the mails, and facilitate the management 

 of the fails ; avoiding perplexity, and rejecting whatever is 

 luperfluous and unneceffary. The perfection of this art, 

 then, confiils in retaining all thefe qualities, and in preferving 

 a judicious medium between them. 



Rigging is in part prepared on fliore, in a rigging-houfe, 

 which has the following conveniencies, &c. ; viz. at the 

 upper end is a windlals : and at certain dillanccs down the 

 middle are two rows of large flrong ports, for ft retching 

 ropes, and laying on iervice ; and on each fide of the houfe 

 are births tor the men to ilrop blocks, and prepare fmall 

 rigging; on. 



There is much fubordinate knowledge neceffary, before a 

 perfon can either prepare rigging in the houfe, or fit it on 

 board the fhip. This confiils of knotting; as the over- 

 hand knot {Plate I. Jig. 1.); reef-knot, Jig. 2; bowline- 

 knot, Jig. 3 ; wall-knot, Jigs. 4 and 5 ; double wall-knot 

 crowned, Jig. 6 ; buoy-rope-kuot, jig. 7 ; flopper-knot, 

 Jig. 8 ; dismond-knot, fingle, Jig. y ; diamond knot, double, 

 Jig. 10; fhroud-knot, opened for knotting, jig-. II ; as 

 knotted, fig. 1 2 ; ends tapered and ferved, which com- 

 pletes it, fig. 13; tack-knot, Jig. 14; fprit-fail fheet-knot, 



fig- \5- 



Hitches. — Sheepihank, fig. 16; half-hitches, fig. 17; 

 clove-hitch, fig. 18; rolling-hitch, fig. 19; midfhipman's 

 hitch, fig. 20 ; Blackwall-hitch, fig. 2 1 ; magnus-hitch, 

 fig. 22; timber-hitch, fig. 23; racking-hitch, fig. 24. 



Bends. — Sheet-bend, fig. 26; Carrick-bend, fig. 27; 

 fiiherman's bend, jig. 30; hawfer-bend, fig. 31 ; temporary 

 bend, fig. 32. 



Gafket, fig. 25; outfide-clinch, fig. 28; cat's-paw, 



Js- 2 9- 



Splica. 



