It J N 



11 1 N 



RIMIS, a (mall ifland in the Baltic, near the coaft of 

 Pomerani3. N. lat. J4 1 1'. E. long. 13 26'. 



RIMNIK. See Ribnik. 



RIMONT, a town of France, in the department of the 

 Arriege ; 8 miles W.N.W. of Tarafcon. 



RIN, in Rural Economy, a provincial word ufed to fignify 

 brine. 



RIN-<EUS, in Anatomy. See Nasalis. 



R1NALDI, Odebic, in Biography, a learned Italian 

 ecclefiaftical hiltorian in the 17th century, was a native of 

 Trevifo, and entered the eltablilTiment belonging to the 



not been wire-drawn in different keys, and different mea- 

 fures, a thoufand and a thoufand times. 



We fubferibed to thefe opinions at the time, till we heard 

 Haydn's quartets and fymphonies, Paeiiello's vocal compo- 

 fitions, and Mozart's latter works, vocal and inftrumental. 



Rinaldo cenfured, with great feveritv, the noife and tumult 

 of inttruments in modern fongs ; — what would he fay now 

 to our double-drums and tromboni ? 



Rinaldo had the reputation at Rome of being the inventor 

 of accompanied recitatives ; but in fearching for old com- 

 pofitions in the archives of San Giroiamo della Carita, at 

 Rome, we found an oratorio of Alefl'andro Scarlatti, which 



priefts of the congregation of the Oratory at Rome, of was compoicd at the latter end of the 17th century, before 

 which Baronius had been a member. After the death of 

 that cardinal, Rinald: undertook the laborious tafk of con- 

 tinuing his " Ecclefiaftical Annals," from the year 1 198, 

 with which the work of Baronius terminated, to the year 



1564, when the council of Trent had been diffolved. It 

 abounds with many curious and valuable documents, taken 

 from the archives at the Vatican, and other colle&ions. It 

 confifts of ten large volumes in folio, which made their ap- 

 pearance in Rome at different periods, from 164610 1677. 



Rinaldi publifhed a fufficiently copious abridgment, in Ita- 

 lian, of the whole annals, compiled both by Baronius and 

 himfelf. 



RINALDO di Capua, an eminent Neapolitan com- 



pofer, who flourifhed in the middle of the laft century, and 



whofe ftory is fomewhat lingular. 



He was the natural fon of a perfon of very high rank in 



that country, and at firft only learned mufic as an accom- 



plifhment ; but being left by his father with only a fmall 



fortune, which was foon diflipated, he was forced to make it 



his profeflion. He was but feventeen when hecompofed his 



firft opera at Vienna. 



In the courfe of along life, Rinaldo experienced various 



viciffitudes of fortune, fometimes in vogue, fometimes ne- 



glefted. However, finding old age coming on, he collected 



together his principal works, fuch as had been produced in 



the zenith of his fortune and fancy, thinking thefe would be 



a refource in diftrefsful times ; thofe times arrived ; various 



misfortunes had happened to him and his family ; when, be- 

 hold ! this refource, this fole refource, the accumulated pro- 

 duce of his pen, had by a gracelefs fon been fold for walte 



paper ! 



This compofer, whofe productions .were, during many 

 years, the delight of all Europe, in 1770 was reduced at 

 Rome to the utmoft indigence. Diogenes the Cynic was 

 never more meanly clad through choice, than Rinaldo 

 through neceffity : a patched coat, and ftockings that 

 wanted to be patched or darned ! We, having often received 

 great pleafure from his works, courted his acquaintance and 

 converfation, which was very lively and intelligent ; but 

 though a good-natured man, his opinions were very Angu- 

 lar and fevere on his brother compofers. 



He thought they, at that time, " had nothing left within 

 the reach of their invention to entitle them to reputation for 

 novelty, but the refule of thoufands, which had been often 

 tried and rejefted, either as impracticable or difpleafing. 

 The only chance which a compofer has for introducing new 

 modulation in fongs, was in a fhort fecond part, (every ferious 

 long then ended with a da capo,) in order io fright the hearer 

 back to the firft, to which it ferves as a foil, by making it 

 comparatively beautiful." He included himfelf in the cen- 

 fure, and frankly confeffed, that though he had written full 

 as much as his neighbours, yet out of all his works, per- 

 haps not above one new melody could be found, which had 



Rinaldo di Capua was born, and in which there are accom- 

 panied recitatives. But he did not, himfelf, pretend to the 

 invention ; all that he claimed was the being among the firft 

 who introduced ritornels, or interftitial fymphonies, in reci- 

 tatives of ftrong pafiion and diftrefs, which exprefs or imi- 

 tate w r hat it would be ridiculous tor the voice to attempt. 

 There have been fince many fine fcenes of this kind in the 

 works of Jomelli, Perez, Galuppi, Sarti, Piccini, Sacchini, 

 and Paefiello. 



Rinaldo feems to have been a fuccefsful compofer from 

 1737 to 1758. His firft ferious opera at Rome was " II 

 Ciro Riconofciuto," in 1 737 ; and " Adriano in Siria," the 

 laft, in 1758. 



A very fine air from " Vologefo" was fung by Monticelli 

 in England, and printed by Walfh among the favourite 

 fongs in the opera of Gianguir, — " Nell' orror di notte 

 ofcura," — to which we refer as a fpecimen of his ferious 

 ftyle. Indeed the whole fcene in that opera, beginning by 

 the accompanied recitative, " Berenice, ove fei ?" and ter- 

 minated by the air, " Ombra che pallida," is admirable, 

 and a proof to what perfection dramatic mufic was brought 

 in Italy fifty or fixty years ago ; and the curious will do 

 well to procure a copy of this fcene whenever they have an 

 opportunity. 



It has been faid, perhaps with fome truth, that the fcience 

 of this compofer was not equal to his genius ; for being edu- 

 cated as a dilettante, he probably did not fubmit to all the 

 drudgery of dry ftudy, which one intended for the profeffion 

 of mufic is obliged to undergo. 



RINAR, a word ufed by the chemifts, to exprefs filings 

 of any thing. 



RINAUR, in Geography, a town of Hindooftan, in My- 



fore ; 25 miles E. of Chinna Balabarum. 



RINCADROLEAN Point, a cape on the W. coaft 

 of Ireland, in the county of Kerry. N. lat. 52°44'. W. 

 long. io° 13'. 



RlND, a fkin of any fruit that may be cut off, or pared. 

 The outer coat of the chefnut, fet with prickles, is parti- 

 cularly called the urchin-Hie rind. 



Ri.sd is alfo ufed for the inner bark of trees ; or that 

 foft, whitifh, juicy fubftance, adhering immediately to the 

 wood. 



Through this it is that the fap has been fuppofed to return 

 from the extremities of the branches to the root : the vef- 

 fels hereof are by fome alfo fuppofed to do the office of 

 arteries ; whence Mr. Bradley calls them arterial veffels. 

 See Plants. 



Rind, Grafting in the. See Engbafting. 



RiND-Ga//, a damage a tree receives when young, fo 

 that the bark or rind grows in the inner fubftance of the 

 tree. 



RINDE, in Geography, a river of Hindooftan, which 

 runs into the Jumn3, 15 miles S.E. of Corah. 



RIN- 



