11 I V 



nent ; anthers i'mall. Pijl. Gormen fuperior, large, roumlilli ; 

 ftyle very fliort : Itigma fimple, obtufe. Perk. Berry glo- 

 bule, Handing on the reflexed calyx, (Which is hardened and 

 become green,) of one cell, and crowned with a little in- 

 curved point. Seed folitarv, roundilh, lenticular, rough. 



Ell. Ch. Calyx coloured, in four deep fegments, per- 

 manent. Corolla none. Berry with one lenticular feed. 



Obf. The error of Linnxus in fubfequently terming co- 

 rolla, what he had, with indubitable propriety, called caly v, 

 is difficult to be accounted for. He is followed by Willdc- 

 HOW, who has milled Dryander and Aiton. The natural 

 order of the plant, as iettled by Linnasus himfelf, determines 

 the queftion without appeal. 



I. R. humi/is. Downy Rivina, Linn. Sp. PL 177. 

 Willd. 11. 1. Ait. n. 1. (Amaranthus baccifer, circacs 

 foliis ; Comm. Hort. v. 1. 127. t. 66.) — Stamens four. 

 Leaves downr. — Native oi the Weft Indies. Common in 

 our (loves for above a century pait, flowering at molt parts 

 of the year, and always decorated with drooping chillers of 

 little berries, of a peculiarly bright fcarlet, which make 

 the chief beauty of the plant. The Jlem is bufhy, ihrubby, 

 three or four feet high. Leaves alternate, (talked, ovate, 

 acute, entire, thin, flaccid, light green, downy, about three 

 inches long. Clujlers from the forks of the branches, folitary, 

 downy, of many fmall, greenifh-white, drooping Jlotuers. 



2. R. Ixvis. Smooth Rivina. Linn. Mant. 41. Willd. 

 n. 2. Ait. n. 2. — Stamens four. Leaves ovate, pointed, 

 even, fmooth. Stem round. — Native of the Welt Indies. 

 Flowers in the Hove, molt part of the year. Cultivated by 

 Miller in 1733. Allan. Like the foregoing, but fmooth. 

 Margins of the leaves purpliili. Flowers reddifh at theout- 

 lide. 



3. R. brafdienjis. Wave-leaved Rivina. Nocca in Uf- 

 teri Annal. fafc. 6. 6j. Willd. n. 3. Ait. n. 3. — " Sta- 

 mens four. Leaves ovate, undulated and rugged. Stem 

 furrowed." — Native of Brazil. Introduced at Kew by fir 

 Jofeph Banks, in 1790. It blolloms in the Hove in June 

 and July. Stem lhrubbv. Leaves ovate, or heart-fhaped, 

 wavy, fmooth. Flowers white or reddilh. Berry round, 

 of a (bining red. 



4. R. oBandra. Climbing Rivina. Linn. Sp. PI. 177. 

 Willd'. n. 4. Ait. n. 4. (R. slodecandra ; Jacq. Obf. 

 fafc. [■ 6. t. 2. R. farmentofa, &c; Browne Jam. 149. 

 t. 23. f. 2.) — Stam eight or twelve. Leaves elliptic- 

 oblong, fmooth.— Native of the Weft Indies. Cultivated 

 by Miller, before 1752. It flowers in the Hove in May and 



. Alton. Tiu'//,« is .1 fcribed by Jacquin as very tall, 

 though (lender, throwing out long (lender (hoots, amongft 



, , (hrubs and bulhes. Leaves entire, acute at each end. 



Calyx white, turning to a purpliAWed. Berry dark pur- 



the fize ol ... devoured by birds. Jacquin. 



R. puniculata, Linn. Syll. Nat. ed. 10. v. 2. 899, though 

 retained as Inch by Murray, in Sy It. Veg. ed. 14. 165, is 

 no other than Salvador a perfica, as cited in Linn. Sp. PI. 178. 

 This being removed from Rivina, the character of " fimple 

 chillers" for the remaining fpecies, being common to all, 

 becomes fupcrfluous. 



Rivina, in Gardenh . ml ins plants oi the ft 

 e\ srgreen kind, of which the fp cies cultivated are : 

 do my rivina (R. humilis) ; the fmooth rivina ( R. !a-v : 

 and the climbing rivina ( R. oc.tandra). 



Method of Culture. — All tllefe pi. I by 



procured from the places where they are niti 

 (owing them, as foon as 'hey are obtained, in pots filled with 



: (h light earth, plunging them in a hoi n in fum- 



. but in the tan-bed of the (love, i! th itumn or 



winter. The earth Ihould be well moiftem ing llie 



R J V 



dimmer feafon, but very fparingly in the winter. They 

 lliould be carefully preserved in thefe lituations till the feeds 

 vegetate, which is often a great length of time, of courfe 

 the pots (liould not be dilturbed. When the plant . have at- 

 tained about two inches in growth, they may be r< moved into 

 feparate (mall pots, filled with light loamy mould, plunging 

 them into a hot-bed, (hading them till fre(h rooted. 



They afterwards require the management of other (love 

 exotic plants. 



They may likewife fometimes be raifed by layers and 

 cuttings, afiilted by the beat of the bark hot-bed. 



After thefe plants have been preferved in the Itove of the 

 hot-houfe till they have attained a good growth and HreRgth, 

 they are capable of being preferved in moderate warmth in 

 winter, and in the warmelt part of fummer in the open air, 

 in a warm flickered place. 



They afford variety among other potted evergreen (love 

 plants. 



RIVINI Foramex, in Anatomy, a fuppofed opening 

 in the membraua tympani of the ear. See Ear. 



RIVINUS, Augustus Quihinus, in Biography, an 

 eminent phylician, but much better known as a botanilt, 

 formed, with Ray and Tourncfort, the triumvirate of fyfte- 

 matical teachers, who, in the latter part of the 17th cen- 

 tury, and the beginning of the 18th, divided the homage 

 of the Undents of botany between them. Their import- 

 ance arofe from the neceflity, which nobody could overlook, 

 of a methodical arrangement of plants ; but even the me- 

 mory of their labours has now almolt palled away, becaufc 

 thofe labours proved, all nearly alike, infufRcicnt for the 

 delired purpofe. The fervices they have rendered to prac- 

 tical fcience ildl indeed remain ; and the laurels which fpring 

 from that foil are unfading. Of thefe Rivinus may claim a 

 (hare, though by no means an equal portion, with his 

 EnglihS, or his French, contemporary. He endeavoured in 

 vain to bring his German fquadrons, with any great force, 

 into the botanical field ; while the' pupils of Ray, as well as 

 of Tournefort, poured forth in abundance ; and by their 

 own proficiency dilplayed the merits of their refpeftive 

 leaders. 



Rivinus was the fon of a learned phylician and critic, An- 

 drew Bachmann, whole name, according to the falhion of 

 the time amongft literary people, being translated into 

 Latin, became Rivinus. The 1 object ot our memoir was 

 born at Leiplic in 1652. He graduated al the age of 

 twenty-four, and fifteen years afterwards obtained the pro- 

 feflbrlliips of Phyliology and ol Botany in bis native tuiiver- 

 lity. lie became a foreign member of the Royal Society of 

 London, and was aflociatcd with many other learned bodies, 

 filling Ins different appointments with honour to himfelf, till 

 hi:, death in 1723, at the age of feventy-one. I lis publica- 

 tions (hew him in the light ol an elegant fcholar and a 

 tlenian ; and if he betrayed a little impatience in hisi ontro- 

 verlies with Ray, and loniewhat ot difdainful 1 verity to- 

 ward-, Dillenius, who, when a young man, had attacked 

 him ; the latter lault, at leall, may be paidoiu-d, in one 

 who had attained io confiderable a rank 1 ■ ! .ho 



perhaps had fagacity enough to feel that Dill I do 



fyftematical talents at all commenfurate with his own. 

 Having propofedto himfeli tht gi 



dious ( laflification of plant., ; a compendi iu . nomenclature ; 

 and an univcrfal delineation ol fpeci , as far as they came 

 under his own obfervation, he mi ;li perhaps not be very 

 patient ot contradiction from thofe whom he thought more 

 abl to hinder than to alfift him. The lame apology may be 

 made for many philofophers, wiio unjultly iycur toe charge 

 oi p. tulam e, or ol pride. 



The 



