R O A 



that for new forming or frefh covering the furface of a 

 road, none ought to exceed 4 inches ; 3! inches being, for 

 thefe purpofes, the middle fize : that 2 inches and 4 inches 

 may, as a matter of general information, be fet down as 

 the extremities of iize of road-ftones of a middle quality, 

 for the above purpofes. See RoAV-Gage. 



Road- Surveyor, a perfon who has the care and manage- 

 ment of a road, whether in the making or repairing of it. 

 All fuch perfons as are employed in this way mould be well 

 acquainted with the .nature of laying out, forming, and 

 keeping them in order. Each of the different methods, 

 which are in common practice, ought to be well under- 

 flood, as well as thofe had recourfe to in particular diftri&s 

 or places. And, beiides, he fliould be well informed with 

 regard to every thing of a local nature that has any relation 

 to them, and be a man of exertion and ingenuity. 



RoAD-Team, any fort of team that is employed on the 

 road, whether in carts, waggons, or other kinds of car- 

 riages. All teams of this nature fhould in general be well 

 kept. See Team. 



RoAV-Wori, all fuch kind of work as is done upon the 

 road, either by the labour of men or animals. It is alfo 

 fometimes applied to the buiinefs of making and repairing 

 of roads. 



Road, in Navigation, denotes a place of anchorage at 

 fome diftance from Ihore, and iheltered from the winds, 

 where veffels ufually moor to wait for a wind or tide proper 

 to carry them into harbour, or to fet fail. 



When the bottom is clear of rocks, and the hold firm, 

 and the place well covered from the wind, the road is faid 

 to be good. An open road is one which has but little land 

 on any fide. 



The roads within his majelly's dominions are free to all 

 merchant veffels, either of his fubjects or allies. Captains 

 and mailers of fhips who are forced by ftorms, &c. to cut 

 their cables, and leave their anchors in the roads, are obliged 

 to fix up marks or buoys, on pain of forfeiture of their 

 anchors, &c. 



The mailers of fhips, coming to moor in a road, mull 

 caft anchor at fuch a diftance as that the cables, &c. may 

 not mix, on pain of anfwering the damages. When there 

 are feveral vefTels in the fame road, the outermofl to the 

 feaward is obliged to keep a light in his lantern in the 

 night-time, to apprife veffels coming in from fea. See 

 Port. 



Road AqueduS, is an arch under a canal, through which 

 a road pafles. 



Road Bridge, a bridge over a canal for the ufe of a road, 

 inilead of private ufe. See OCCUPATION Bridges. 

 Road, Cock. See Cockroad. 



RoAD-Goofe, in Zoology, the name of a fmall fpecies of 

 wild gooie. See Anfer under Duck. 



ROADER, a veilel riding at anchor in a road, bay, or 

 river. 



ROADING, a term ufed on the Fen rivers, for cutting 

 off the weeds at their bottom. 



Roading, in Agriculture, a provincial term ufed to 

 fignify the ftriving of teams for the lead on the roads. It 

 was formerly much in ufe in Norfolk, but is at prefent 

 nearly laid afide, probably from the danger that at- 

 tended it. 



ROADSTER, among Horfis, a term frequently ap- 

 plied to fuch as are ufed tor the purpofe of riding. 



ROAITHA, or Rouaitha, in Geography, a town of 

 Arabia, in Yemen ; 56 miles S. of Medina. 



ROAK, a provincial word, fignifying a mill or fog. 

 ROAN, in Geography, a fmall ifland in the North fea, 



R O A 



near the north of Scotland. N. lat. 5 8° 35'. W. long. 

 4 11'. 



Roan, in the Manege. A roan horfe is one of a bay, 

 forrel, or black colour, with grey or white fpots inter- 

 fperfcd very thick. When this party-coloured coat is ac- 

 companied with a black head and black extremities, he is 

 called a roan with a black-a-moor's head ; and if the fame 

 mixture is predominant upon a deep forrel, it is called 

 claret-roan. 



ROANCARRICK Rocks, in Geography, rocks in 

 Bantry bay, on the S. coaft of Ireland ; 3 miles N.E. of 

 Beat ifland. .. 



ROANE, a county of America, in the diftrict, of Eaft 

 Tenneffee, containing 5581 inhabitants. 



Roane-7V c -«, in Botany. See Service-TV^. 

 ROANNE, in Geography, a town of France, and prin- 

 cipal place of a diflricf , in the department of the Loire, 

 which here becomes navigable, and renders it a convenient 

 ftaple for all goods conveyed from Lyons to Paris, Orleans, 

 Nantes, &c. The place contains 6992, and the canton 

 14,790 inhabitants, on a territory of 225 kiliometres, in 

 13 communes. N. lat. 46 2'. E. long. 4 10'. 



ROANOKE, an ifland in the Atlantic, on the coaft of 

 North Carolina, at the entrance into Albemarle found, with 

 a town of the fame name. The north point of the ifland is 

 about 7 miles W. of Roanoke inlet. N. lat. 35 50'. W. 

 long. 76 . — Alfo, a long and rapid river, formed by two 

 principal branches, viz. Staunton, which rifes in Virginia, 

 and Dan, which rifes in North Carolina. It empties itfelf 

 into Albemarle found, about N. lat. 35 58'. W. long. 76° 

 56'. This river is navigable for fea-vefiel3 nearly 30 miles ; 

 but for boats of 30 or 40 tons, to the falls. Above the 

 falls, boats of 5 tons afcend about 200 miles. The planters 

 on the banks of this river are fuppofed to be the wealthieft 

 in North Carolina. 



Roanoke, Little, a river which difcharges itfelf into the 

 Staunton, about 15 miles above the junftion of the Dan 

 and Staunton. 



Roanoke Inlet, a channel on the coaft of North Caro- 

 lina, which leads into Albemarle found. N. lat. 35° 56'. 

 W. long. 76° 14'. 



ROANPOUR, a town of Bengal; 17 miles S.S.E. of 

 Mauldah. 



ROARAGUR, a town of Hindooftan, in Vifiapour ; 

 22 miles N. of Sottarah. 



ROARING Bull Ifland, an ifland in the North At- 

 lantic ocean, near the eaft coaft of Nova Scotia. N. lat. 

 45 17'. W. long. 6o°44'. 



Roaring River, a river of America, in the date of Ten- 

 neffee, which runs N.W. into Cumberland river, 12 miles 

 S.W. of the mouth of Obas river. 



Roaring Watir Bay, a bay on the S. coaft of Ireland, 

 in which is a number of fmall iflands ; 6 miles S.W. of 

 Skibbereeu. N. lat. 51 28'. W. long. 9 22'. 



Roaring Water, a river of Ireland, which runs into the 

 fore-mentioned bay, 5 miles W.S.W. of Skibbereen. 



ROASCHIA, a town of France, in the department of 

 the Stura ; 8 miles S.W. of Coni. 



ROASTING, in Metallurgy and Chemical Manufaaurc, 

 is a procefs by which the volatile parts of metals and minerals 

 are feparated by the application of heat. The minerals are 

 generally mixed with the fuel, and tired in heaps expofed 

 to the open air. When the volatile iubftance is driven off 

 with difficulty, the reverberatory furnace is fometimes em- 

 ployed. 



This procefs is frequently, though improperly, called 

 calcining, lince the latter is confined to the oxydation of 



metals. 



