11 o s 



ro/e, denotes as much as to be out of danger of having any 

 converfation divulged. 



Rose Bay. See Nerium. 



Rose, Campion. See Agrostemma. 



Rose, China, the name by which fome call the ketmia of 

 botanifts. See Hibi>i US. 



Rose, Chriftmas. See Helleborus. 



Rose, Corn. See Papaver. 



Rose, Mountain-bay, or Dwarf-bay, a name by which 

 the chamserhodendros of botanifts is fometimes called. See 

 Kalmia, and Rhododendrum. 



Rose, Guelder, a name fometimes given to the opulus, or 

 water-elder. See VIBURNUM. 



Rose, Virginian Guelder. See Snn.KA. 



Rose, Marlinico. See Hibim: i S. 



Roe of Jericho, a name by which fome call the hefperis. 

 See Anastatica. 



Rose Mallow. See Aliza. 



Rose, South Sea, a name fometimes given to the Nerium 

 of botanifts ; which fee. 



Rose, Rock. See Cisti . 



RosE-Root. See Rjhodioi \. 



Rose, in the Materia Medica. The (lowers of the Rofa 

 canina, dog-rofe, or hep, are faid by fome botanifts to be 

 inodorous, and yet their fragrance is often very perceptible. 

 The fruit called heps, or hips, has a pleafant acidulous tafte, 

 depending on the uncombined citric acid and fugar which 

 it contains. This pulpy fruit is cooling, but poffeffes no 

 fpecific medicinal virtue. It is ufed in the preparation of a 

 conferve or confection. For this pnrpofe the London phar- 

 macopeia directs a pound ef the pulp and 20 ounces of re- 

 fined fugar; in powder, to be rubbed together until they be 

 well incorporated ; and in the Edinburgh Difpenfatory, it is 

 ordered, that the frefh fruit of the dog-rofe, carefully treed 

 from the feeds and inclofed fpiculoe, be beaten into a pulp, 

 and, while beating, that three times its weight of double 

 refined fugar be gradually added. (See Co>jserye). Former- 

 ly, fays Woodville, it was eftcemed ufeful in many diforders, 

 as dropfies, calculous complaints, dyfenteries, hemorrhages, 

 &c. A mofs-like excrefcence, called " Badeguar," " Rofe- 

 fponge," and by the French " Galle chevciuc," is fre- 

 quently found upon the branches of this tree, and is the 

 habitation of the infect called " cynips rofa;." This ex- 

 crefcence was formerly in great repute as a remedy tor 

 various difeafes. 



The Rofa centifolia, or hundred-leaved rofe, of which there 

 are many varieties, is improperly confounded in the Dublin 

 pharmacopeia with the damafk rofe, Rofa danuifccna, which 

 •5 altogether a different fpecies. The petals of this fpecies 

 are directed for medicinal ufe. They are of a pale red colour, 

 and of a very fragrant odour, which is to many people very 

 agreeable, and therefore this as well as moil of the other 

 rofes, are made up into nofegays : and thefe, in iome cir- 

 cumttances, have produced alarming fymptoms, fuch as 

 Ineezing, inflammation of the eyes, tainting?, hyilerical affec- 

 tions, abortion, &c. : and pcrfons confined in a dole room, 

 with a large quantity of rofes, have been in danger of im- 

 mediate extinction of life. The petals impart their odorous 

 matter to watery liquors, both by lnfufior. and dillillation. 

 Six pounds of frefh roots impregnate, by did illation, a 

 gallon or more of water ilrongly with their tine flavour. 

 On diftiiling large quantities, there feparates from the wa- 

 tery fluid a fmall portion of a fragrant butyraceous oil, 

 which liquefies by heat, and appears yellow, but concretes 

 ia the cold into a white mafs : ioo pounds of the flowers, 

 according to the experiments of Tachenius and Hoffman, 

 afforded icarcely half an ounce of oil. The fmcll of this 

 3 



R O S 



oil exactly relembles that of the rofes, and is therefore much 

 ufed as a perfume. 



The oil of rofes pod'effes very little pungency, and has 

 been highly recommended for its cordial and analeptic qua- 

 lities. The flower alfo contains a bitterifh fubftance, which 

 is extracted by water along with the odorous principle, and 

 remains entire in the decoction after the latter has been fe- 

 parated by dilliilation or evaporation. This fixed fapid 

 matter of the petals mainfefts a purgative quality, and it is 

 ou this account that the flowers are received in the materia 

 medica. The pharmacopeias direct a fyrup to be prepared 

 of this rofe, which is ordered as an adjunct to oil and other 

 purgatives in the difeafts ot infants ; but they are chiefly 

 employed for the dillillation of rofe-water. The London 

 pharmacopeia directs feven ounces of the petals of the hun- 

 dred-leaved role dried to be macerated in four pints of boiling 

 water for 12 hours, and to ftrain it ; and then to evaporate 

 the (trained liquor in a water-bath down to 2^ pounds, 

 and to add fix pounds of refined fugar, fo as to make a fyrup. 

 This fyrup is prepared, according to the Edin. Pharm. bv 

 macerating one pound of the frefh petals of the rofa cenii- 

 ftlia, or, as it is erroneoufly denominated, damafk rofe, in 

 four pounds of boiling water for 12 hours, and adding three 

 pounds of refined fugar to the drained liquor, and boiling 

 fo as to form a fyrup. This fyrup, in dofes of a fpoonful, or 

 from f 3'i to f 5 xij or more, is found to be pleafant and ufe- 

 ful as a laxative for children, or to obviate coftivenefs in 

 adults. 



The Roue- Hotter, Aqua rofe, (Lond. and Dub. Ph.), 

 Aqua rife centifolia (Edin.) is prepared by taking 81bs. 

 (Lond.), 61bs. (Edin. and Dub.), of the petals, and pour- 

 ing over them as much water as will prevent empyreuma 

 during the diltillation ; and then diftiiling a gallon (Lond. 

 and Dub.), or to pounds (Edin.) This water has the agree- 

 able odour of the rofe in great perfection, when properly 

 prepared ; but it is very apt to fpoil, unlefs it be rectified 

 by a fecond diftillation. As it is free from acrimony, and, 

 except in point of odour, does not differ from diftilled water, 

 it is generally employed in collyria, with acetate a.:d fuper- 

 acetate of lead, and acetate and fulphate of zinc. The oil 

 and water, obtained by diltillation, and ufed chiefly in per- 

 fumes and flavouring materials, are recommended by Hoffman 

 as excellent cordials for raifing the (Length and fpirits, 

 and allaying pain. They appear to be of a mild nature, 

 and not liable to heat or irritate the conftitution. Rofe- 

 water is, however, in great efteem throughout the Eaft, 

 particularly in China and Perlia, where the trade of it is 

 very conliderable. The rofe-leaves, remaining at the bot- 

 tom of the (till, are kept under the name of rofe cakes for 

 a perfume. 



The flowers of the Rofa gallica, Or red officinal rofe, 

 give out their virtue both to water and rectified fpirit, and 

 tinge the former of a fine red colour, but the latter of a very 

 p>»le one. The extract obtained by infpiffating the watery 

 infuiion is moderately aullere, bitterifh, and fubtaline. The 

 fpirituous extract is conliderably ftrongerboth in altringency 

 and bitternels. Water at 2 12° extracts both its odour and 

 taftc ; and the infuiion itrikes a black with fulphate of iron ; 

 and alfo forms a precipitate of a dark colour with fulphate 

 of zinc. The red rofe is altringent and tonic. It forms 

 an ufeful and elegant vehicle for the exhibition of mineral 

 acids, nitrate of potals, and other neutral falts, in haemor- 

 rhages and fome other difeafes. It has been faid, that the 

 flowers of this fpecies poffefs neither the fragrance nor the 

 laxative power of thole of the centifolia ; but Poterius, cited 

 by Lewis, relates, that he found a drachm of powdered red 

 rofes occafion three or four ilools, and this not in a few 



inftances, 



