R O S 



R O S 



cave, chiefly glandular at the margin, downy, thickift, im- 

 bricated, half as long as the nail. Flowers capitate, ter- 

 minal." 



ROSENOU, in Gcograpliy, a town of Pomerania ; eight 

 miles S.S.E. of Cofslin. 



ROSENTHAL, a town of the principality of Heffe ; 

 eight miles N.N.VV. of Marburg. — Alfo, a town of Weft- 

 phalia, in the bifhopric of Hildefluim ; three miles S.W. 

 of Peina. — Alio, a town of Pruflia, in the palatinate of 

 Culm; eight miles N.E. of Bretchen — Alfo, a town of 

 Bohemia, in the circle of Bechin ; three miles N. of Rofen- 

 berjj. 



ROSEOLA, in Medicine, a term appropriated, in the 

 nomenclature of cutaneous difeafes devifed by the late Dr. 

 Willan, to a rofe-coloured ralh or efHorefcence upon the 

 'kin, which is varioufly figured, without any elevation of 

 the furface, and not communicable by contagion. 



This ralh is of little importance in a praftical view, be- 

 caufe it is moitly a mere concomitant of different febrile 

 complaints, and requires no deviation from the treatment 

 adapted to their relief; but as it is fometimes miltaken both 

 for fcarlet fever and mealies, which arc contagious and 

 often dangerous difeafes, fo it ought to be known, and its 

 varieties difcriminated. The appellation of rofeola is to be 

 found in the works of fome of the early modern writers ; but 

 it was applied fomewhat indifcriminately to every red raft, 

 to fcarlet fever, meafles, &c. Fuller, in his Exanthere ;- 

 tologia,- p. 128, fpeaks of a fort of rofe-ralh, as a Hurtl- 

 ing all over the body, like fine crimfon, which, he fays 

 is void of danger, and " rather a ludicrous fpectacle, than 

 an ill fymptom." 



Seven varieties of rofeola were diftinguilhed by Dr. 

 Willan under the following appellations. 



1. The rofeola njliva, fo called from its ufual occurrence 

 in fummer, is fometimes preceded for a few days by flight 

 feverifh fymptoms, fuch as pains in the head and limbs, 

 laffitude, and liftlefsnefs. The raft appears firft on the 

 face and neck, and, in the courfe of a day or two, is dis- 

 tributed over the reft of the body, producing a coniider- 

 able degree of itching and tingling. The mode of dif- 

 tribution is into feparate fmall patches of various figure, 

 but of larger and more irregular forms than in the meafles, 

 with numerous interfaces of the natural (kin. It is at firft 

 red, but foon aflumes the deep rofeate hue peculiar to it. 

 The fauces are tinged with the fame colour, and a Hi; ht 

 roughnefs of the tonfils is felt in fwallowing. The raft 

 continues vivid through the fecond day ; after which it de- 

 clines in brightuefs, flight fpecks only of a dark nd hue 

 remaining on the fourth day, which, together with the con- 

 ftitutional affe&ion, wholly difappear on the fifth. 



Not unfrequcntly, however, the ralh is partial, e I 



ing only over portions of the face, neck, and upper part 

 of the breaft and ftoulders, in patches, very (lightly elevated, 

 and itching confiderably. In this form the complaint con- 

 tinues a week or longer, the raft appearing and difappear- 

 ing feveral times ; fometimes without any apparent caufe, 

 and fometimes from bidden mental emotions, or from tak- 

 ing wine, fpices, or warm liquor;.. The retroceflion of the 

 raih is ufually accompanied with dilordcr of the ftomach, 

 head-ache, and faintnefs, which arc immediately relieved on 

 its re-appearance. 



This fpecies of rofeola ufually occurs in the fummer 

 feafon, and particularly in females of an irritable conftitu- 

 tion. The patients commonly afcribe it to fudden alterna- 

 tions of heat and cold, and efpecially to having drank 

 cold liquors, when perfpiring alter exercife. Sometimes 

 it occurs in connection with bilious diarrheca, cholera, dy- 



fentery, or other bowel complaints of the hot feafon ; and 

 fometimes it appears after much fatigue. 



Very little medical treatment is required for this eruption, 

 which is generally alleviated by moderate diet, from which 

 every thing heating is excluded ; and by the ufe of acidu- 

 lated drinks, with occafional laxative medicines. The com- 

 plaint is never dangerous, except from the fudden repul- 

 lion of the eruption, in confequence of expofure to very 

 chill air, or of the application of cold water ; in which 

 cafe violent diforder ha6 taken place in the head, ftomach, 

 or bowels of the patient, as happens under fimilar circum- 

 ftances in other eruptive difeafes, fuch as meafles, the red 

 gum, &c. 



2. The rofeola autumnalis is not uncommon in children 

 of five, or from that to ten years of age, in the autumn. 

 It occurs in diftinct patches, of an oval or circular fhape, 

 which occafion no elevation of the cuticle, and gradually 

 increafe to about the fize of a (hilling. Their hue is of a 

 dark damafk red ; fo that at a dilbnee the fkin appears as 

 if ftained with the juice of bkek cherries or mulberries. 

 They are ufually dinufed over the arms, feldom on the face 

 and body ; and they continue about a week, being fome- 

 times, but not always, fucceedtd by dcfquamatio:i. This 

 eruption is not accompanied by much itching or tingling, 

 nor is there any fymptom of general diforder, except a 

 whitenefs of the tongue. It is generally removed in a 

 ftort time by the exhibition of the diluted fulphuric acid 

 internally. 

 *' 3. The rofeola annulata appears on almoft every part of 

 the fi'rface of the body in rofe-coloured rings, which have 

 central areas of the ufual colour of the (kin ; and it like- 

 wife (lightly affefts the throat. The rings are at fifft from 

 a line to two lines in diameter ; but they gradually dilate, 

 leaving a larger central fpace, fometimes to the diameter of 

 half an inch ; and excite, efpecially in the night, a trouble- 

 fome fenfation of heat, and of itching or prickling. The 

 duration of the eruption is very uncertain ; in fome cafes it 

 commences with ftivering fucceeded by heat, and is at- 

 tended with head-ache, flufting of the face, (icknefs at the 

 ftomach, and pains in the limbs ; it then continues four or 

 five days, and difappears as the febrile fymptom? decline. 

 In other cafes, which are without fever, the complaint is 

 of long duration ; the efflorefcence ufually fades i.i the 

 morning, and returns in the evening or night, the rings 

 becoming vivid, and fometimes a little elevated. It the 

 fhould difappear, or be very faint in colour for feveral 

 fucceffive days, the patient becomes affected with pain in 

 the ftomach, ficknefs, vomiting of bile, great languor, giddi- 

 nefs and aching in the limbs. Thefe fymptoms are allevi- 

 ated or removed by the u(e of the warm hath, after which 

 the efflorefcence generally returns. Sea-bathing and the 

 mineral acids afford much relief to the more chronic forms 

 of this lpecies of rofeola. 



The annular rofeola appears to be fometimes connected 

 with an irregular ftate of the catamenia in WOO en, and 

 with gouty and rheumatic complaints in both fcxes. It 

 fometimes lueceeds to a fit of the gout, and we have feen 

 it appear as the prccurfor of a fit, which immediately fol- 

 lowed its dilappearance. 



4. The rofeola infantilis affects children during the period 

 of teething, in fevers, and in dilorders ot the bowels, and 

 the raft is ufually fo clofe and full as to leave very fmall 

 interlaces of the natural hue of the (kin. It is very irre- 

 gular, however, in its appearance and progrcls, fometimes 



ntinuing only for a night ; fometimes d dif- 



aring tor feveral fucceffive days, being attended with 

 fymptoms of violent irritation ; ami fometimes nine 



(ingle. 



