RUBUS. 



more or lefs deeply three-lobed, rather acute, fharply fer- 

 rated, rugofe, veiny, (lightly hairy ; paler beneath. Stipulas 

 roundifh, or ovate, fomewhat notched. Flower large, ter- 

 minal, folitary, much overtopped by the foliage, crimfon, 

 on a fhort downy (talk. Calyx hairy, with from five to 

 ten long, taper fegments ; its bafe angular and ribbed. 

 Petals as many, lanceolate or obovate, with taper claws. 

 Berry compofed of feveral grains. The calyx fometimes 

 remains through the winter, elevated on the elongated dried 

 Jlem, as in the plate above cited. 



52. R. Chamtemorus. Mountain Bramble, or Cloud- 

 berry. Linn. Sp. PI. 708. Fl. Lapp. ed. 2. 173. t. 5. 

 f. 1. Willd. n. 30. Ait. n. 14. Purfh n. 19. Fl. 

 Brit. n. 7. Engl. Bot. t. 716. Lightf. Scot. 266. t. 13. 

 f. 2. Fl. Dan. t. 1. (Chamaemorus ; Ger. Em. 1273. 

 Vaccinia nubis ; ibid. 1420, very bad.) — Leaves fimple, 

 lobed, rugofe. Stem (ingle-flowered. Segments of the 



calyx ovate. Petals roundifh Native of alpine turfy bogs 



in the north of Europe, frequent in Lapland, Denmark, 

 Siberia, &c, as well as on the highelt mountains of Scotland, 

 Wales, and the north of England, (lowering in June. It 

 occurs alfo in Canada and New England. The roots are 

 long and creeping, throwing up here and there folitary 



Jiems, about a (pan high, fome bearing folitary male flowers, 

 others female ones. Leaves fhaped like thofe of a mallow, 

 or currant, heart-fhaped at the bafe, itrongly veined, plaited, 

 fmooth, unequally ferrated, one or two on each ftem. 

 Foot/la/is flightly hairy. Stipulas ovate, obtufe. Flower 

 on a long downy flalk, riling above the leaves, white, 

 elegant. Calyx tawny, downy, with five broad ovate feg- 

 ments. Petals about twice as long as the calyx. Berry 

 of many large grains, amber-coloured, with a pleafant acid 

 flavour refembling that of tamarinds, though rather mucila- 

 ginous. Lightfoot fays, thefe berries are brought to table 

 in the highlands. Linna:us fpeaks of them as muchefteemed 

 by the Laplanders, who preferve them through the winter, 

 buried under the fnow. 



53. R. coriaeeus. Coriaceous Peruvian Bramble. Poiret 

 in Lamarck Di£t. v. 6. 237. - Leaves fimple, ovate-oblong, 

 undivided, fmooth, ferrated. Stem and footftalks fome- 

 what prickly. Flowers axillary, folitary. Segments of 

 the calyx lanceolate. Petals roundifh. — Found by Dom- 

 bey in Peru. Defcribed by Poiret, from Juffieu's herba- 

 rium. The flems are erect, nearly fimple, herbaceous, red- 

 difh, comprefled, very fmooth, except a few fmall fcattered 

 prickles on their upper part. Leaves alternate, diftindt, 

 thick, and coriaceous, rather obtufe ; fhining on the upper 

 fide ; their footftalks furnifhed with fome fmall prickles. 

 Stipulas oval, toothed. Flowers axillary, towards the top 

 of the ftem, on fimple, thickifh jlalks, armed with very 

 fine prickles. Calyx large, broad at the bafe, with five 

 fmooth, lanceolate, pointed, greenifh fegments. Petals 

 rounded, fhorter than the calyx, crenate at the extremity, 

 appearing yellow when dry. 



54. R. Dalibarda. Violet-leaved Dwarf Bramble. Linn. 

 Sp. PI. 708. Willd. n. 31. Sm. Plant. Ic. t. 20. La- 

 marck Illuftr. t. 441. f. 3. (Dalibarda repens ; Linn. 

 Sp. PI. ed. 1. 491. Poiret in Lamarck Did. v. 6. 250. 

 Purfh v. 1. 350. D. violaeoides ; Michaux Boreali-Amer. 

 v. 1. 299. t. 27. Ait. v. 3. 271.) — Leaves fimple, heart- 

 fhaped, undivided, crenate, hairy. Stems creeping. Stalks 

 fingle-flowered. Petals ovate. Gathered by Kalm in 

 Canada. Mr. Purfh fays it is found in the fhady woods 

 and bogs of that country, and on the high mountains of 

 New England and Pennfylvania, flowering in May and June. 

 The herbage much refembles that of fome fpecies of violet. 

 The root in perennial and creeping, fending forth feveral 



deprefTed, creeping, round, leafy, downy Jlems. Leaves 

 rounded, about an inch in diameter, finely hairy on both 

 fides, on long, flender, hairy footftalks. Stipulas oblong, 

 with feveral terminal awl-fhaped fegments. Flower-flalts 

 nearly radical, about as long as the footftalks, but more 

 flender, fimple, hairy, each bearing a fmall white flower, 

 not unlike a fingle hepatiea, but about half the fize. Seg- 

 ments of the calyx lanceolate, acute, downy, fometimes 

 partly notched, nearly equal to the petals. Stamens capillary. 

 Styles five, above half as long as the ftamens. They are 

 erroneoufly defcribed " very fhort" in the Plant. Ic. 

 Fruit of five, or not fo many, pale, dry, ovate, obtuic 

 grains, minutely downy, and flightly wrinkled. 



The want of pulp in the fruit firft induced Linnaeus to 

 feparate this plant, as a genus, from Rubus ; but he after- 

 wards altered his opinion. His original determination has 

 been followed by Michaux, Purfh, and Aiton. The 

 queftion is difficult, but there are many different degrees of 

 pulpinefs in the feveral fruits of acknowledged Rubi, and 

 Mr. Purfh himfelf defcribes his cuneif alius, fee n. ij, with 

 " hard and dry berries,''' though no perfon furely would 

 think of placing that fpecies any where elfe. Till, there- 

 fore, we can judge for ourfelves, by tracing the growth of 

 the fruit in queftion, and comparing it with others, we had 

 rather follow Linnseus. Michaux fays Dalibarda differs from 

 Rubus, nearly in the fame manner as Potentilla from Fra- 

 garia ; but this is incorrect. Thefe latter are diltinguifhed 

 by the deciduous flefhy receptacle of Fragaria ; the others 

 merely by more or lefs pulp in the berry ; for Dalibarda has 

 not naked feeds, or "femina exfucca," but pofiibly bacca ex- 

 fucca, a very different matter. We (hall recur to the fubjedl 

 again under the following fpecies. 



55. Rtfragarioidrs. Strawberry -leaved Bramble. (Dali- 

 barda fragarioides ; Michaux Boreali-Amer. v. 1. 300. t. 28. 

 Curt. Mag. t. 1567. Purfh v. 1. 350. Ait. v. 3. 271. Poi- 

 ret in Lamarck Did. v. 6. 250.) — Leaves ternate ; leaflets 

 all fefiile, wedge-fhaped, notched and ferrated, fringed. 

 Stalks radical, many-flowered. Calyx tubular at the bafe. — 

 Native of fhady beech woods in Canada, and of the Alle- 

 gany mountains, flowering in May and June. We have 

 feen no fpecimen, but by the above plate, the root appears 

 to be fimple, oblong, woody ?nd perennial. Leaves all 

 radical, on longifh (lender (talks ; the middle leaflet fefiile 

 like the reft, and very little larger. Flower-flalks longer 

 than the leaves, fomewhat panicled, bearing about five 



flowers, the fize of the hit. Calyx remarkably elongated, 

 and inverfely conical, at the bafe, with ovate, finally re- 

 flexed, fegments. Petals ovate, faid to be yellow. Stamens 

 numerous j their filaments permanent, erect. Of the parti- 

 cular ftru&ure of the fruit we find no account. This 

 fpecies, with its yellow flowers, and tubular calyx, to fay 

 nothing of the herbage, is fo unlike the other Dalibarda, that 

 it weakens, inftead of confirming, that fuppofed genus. 

 We prefume not to fay, without actual examination, what 

 it molt refembles. Pallas, it feems, made this plant a Dryas. 

 We place it here merely for further enquiry. Dr. Sims in 

 Curtis's Magazine remarks that the calyx fometimes betrays 

 an inclination to have intermediate fegments, a very curious, 

 though puzzling, circumftance. 



56. R. radicans. Creeping Peruvian Bramble. Cavan. 

 Ic. v. 5. 7. t. 413. Poiret in Lamarck Diet. v. 6. 249. 

 — Leaves ternate ; leaflets all (talked, heart-fhaped, villous, 

 ferrated. Stem creeping, prickly. Stalks radical, fingle- 

 flowered. Calyx notched. Gathered by Lewis Nee, in 

 the woods of Chili, growing at the roots, or on the rotten 

 trunks, of trees, bearing flowers and fruit in February. 

 The flem is quite proftrate. armed with Ihort prickles, fpread- 



ing 



