RUH 



R U I 



RUHLA, a town of Saxony, in the principality of 

 Eifenach, celebrated for it6 manufafture of knives ; four 

 miles S. of Eifenach. 



RUHLAND, or Ruland, a town of Upper Lufatia, 

 on the river Elfter ; 27 miles N. of Drefden. N. lat. 51° 

 37'. E. long. 1 3 50'. 



RUHNKEN, David, in Biography, an eminent critic, 

 was born in 1723, at Salop, in Pomerania, of parents in a 

 reputable fituation of life. He received the early part of his 

 education at his native place, after which he went to the 

 Frederician college at Konigfberg, from whence, at 18, he 

 proceeded to the univerfity of Wittemberg, where he paid 

 particular attention to the le&ures of Ritter on jurifprudencc 

 and hiltory, and thofe of Berger on Roman eloquence and 

 antiquities ; he did not, however, negleft other important 

 branches of ftudy, viz. the mathematics and philofophy. 

 He was intended, by his parents, for the church, and they 

 were defirous that he fhould conclude his iludies with a 

 courfe of theology ; but the ardour which he had imbibed 

 for philological enquiries induced him to repair to Leyden, 

 where the learned Hemllerhuys was then in the height of his 

 reputation. To this profeflbr he particularly attached him- 

 felf, who, in return, recommended him leveral private 

 pupils. Ruhnken refolved to fettle in that country, as well 

 on account of the feledt fociety, as of the philofophical 

 liberty for which Holland was, at that period, peculiarly 

 diftinguilhed. In the year 1749, being the fixth year of 

 his refidence at Leyden, he firii made himfelf known as a 

 critic by a Latin epilUe to the celebrated Valekenaer on 

 Homer's hymns, and Hefiod, which was followed, in 1 75 1, 

 by another to Ernelli, on Callimachus and Apollonius 

 Rhodius. Both of thefe difplayed confummate (kill in the 

 Greek language, with great compafs of erudition and ele- 

 gance of tafte. At this time, by the advice of Hemller- 

 huys, he renewed his itudy of jurifprudence, in order to 

 qualify himfelf for a profefforfhip, thofe of polite literature 

 being pre-occupied ; and in 1752 he edited tome Greek 

 commentaries upon a part of the Code and Digeil with a 

 Latin verfion and learned notes. He next edited " Timxi 

 Lexicon Vocum Platonicarum," a piece which gave full 

 fcope to that grammatical cnticifm in which he particularly 

 excelled. "This," according to the learned Brunk, "in 

 the whole circle of Greek literature, is both the (hortefl and 

 mod learned work." In the year 1755, Ruhnken viiited 

 Paris, where he remained a year moll affiduoufly occupied 

 in copying and collating MSS. in the public libraries. 

 After his return, in 1757, he was appointed reader of the 

 Greek in the univerfity, and upon this occafion he pro- 

 nounced an oration " De Grsecis Artium et Do&rinarum 

 Inventrice." In four years after this, he fucceeded to the 

 chair of hiftory and eloquence, delivering for his inaugural 

 fpeech an oration " De Do&ore Umbratico." By this ap- 

 pellation, fays his biographer, he meant to characterize the 

 man of letters who confines himfelf to the Jhatie of his own 

 fchool, furrounded by admiring fcholars, and (hunniiig the 

 commerce of the world at large ; and the pifture which he 

 drew was fo well delineated, that it gave offence to certain 

 perfons who fuppofed it to be defigned as a portraiture of 

 themfelves. About this period he refuied a profefforfhip 

 at Gottingen, recommending Heyne to fill the office. In 

 his forty-firlt year he married a beautiful young woman of 

 eighteen, by whom he had two daughters, but the comfort 

 of this alliance was, in a few years, deilroyed by an apo- 

 pleftic attack, which deprived his wife of light ard fpeech. 

 He feems hitherto to have lived in a focial unfhackled manner, 

 enjoying the company of his friends, and participating in all 



common amufements. He was remarkably fond of hunting, 

 or rather courfing, a fport of which he was a great malter, 

 few furpaffing him in the breed of his greyhounds, or in 

 agility in leaping over the water-ditches, fo frequent about 

 Leyden. This paftime, apparently fo very uncongenial to 

 a literary mind, he continued almoit to the laft year of hi* 

 life, and he thought it enabled him to refume his ftudies 

 with peculiar fpirit and effecL In the year 1767 he was 

 Rector Academise, and on quitting his office he pronounced 

 a very elegant eulogy on Hemlterhuys, who had died in the 

 preceding year. In 1774 he was made librarian to the 

 univerfity, in which llation he took great pains in making 

 additions to the ftock of valuable books. He preferved his 

 health to an advanced age, till at length he became fubjeft 

 to catarrhal and dropfical complaints, under which he funk 

 in May 1798, in the 76th year of his age. He was the 

 editor of many learned works, among which are the follow- 

 ing : " Rutilius Lupus," with " Aquila Romanus," and 

 "Julius Rufianus ;" " De Figuris fententiarum ;" " De 

 Vita et Scriptis Longini ;" " Velleius Paterculus ;" 

 " Homer's Hymns ;" a very much enlarged edition of 

 " Timaei Lexicon ;" an edition of the " Works of Muretus ;" 

 the two lait were publifhed in the year 1789. He afterwards 

 employed himfelf in an edition of the Scholiafla of Plato ; 

 and an improved edition of Scheller's Latin dictionary. 

 This learned man placed all his glory in philological ac- 

 quirements, which he feemed to regard as the higheit fpecies 

 of knowledge. He not only made very light of theological 

 iludies himfelf, but difcouraged them in all young men who 

 poffeffed flrong natural talents and promifing abilities. A 

 very tenacious memory had ftored his mind with a vail mafs 

 of critical matter, efpecially of every thing that related to 

 grammar, which he applied with much clearnefs and faga- 

 city. He was one of the mod correct Grecians of his age, 

 and was furpaffed by none in the purity and elegance of his 

 latinity, both in fpeaking and writing. He left very little 

 property behind him, excepting a library, rich in valuable 

 printed books and manufcripts, which were purchafed by 

 the dates of Holland for the univerfity of Leyden, upon 

 the condition of annuities for life to his widow and daughters. 



RUHR, in Geography. See Roer. 



RUHRORT. See Roerort. 



RUHTE, a town of Wedphalia, in the bifhopric of 

 Hildefcheim, at the conflux of the rivers Innerfee and 

 Leine ; feven miles N.W. of Peine. 



RUJAMPET, a town of Hindooftan, in Tellingana ; 

 22 miles S. of Ramgur. 



RUIB, a fmall lfland in the Pacific ocean, near the coaft 

 of Waygoo. N. lat. o° 4'. E. long. 130 20'. 



RUIJUEAH, a town of Hindooftan, in Lahore; 36 

 miles W. of Lahore. 



RUINART, Thierry, in Biography, a learned French 

 writer, who flourifhed at the dole of the 17th and at the 

 beginning of the 18th centuries, was born at Rheims in 

 the year 1657. When very young he took the habit among 

 the Benediftine monks of the congregation of St. Maur, 

 and, after going through the ufual courfe of philofophy 

 and divinity in the abbey of St. Peter at Meaux, devoted 

 his chief attention to the ftudy of the facred fcriptures, 

 the fathers, and the ancient ecclefiaftical writers. Thefe 

 branches of learning he cultivated with fo much ardour 

 and fuccefs, that he was foon feletted by father Ma- 

 billon to be his affiftant in his learned labours. In 

 1689 he fhewed his talents as an author, by pubhfhing 

 at Paris " Afta primorum Martyrum fincera et felefta, 

 collecta et edita cum notis," with a learned preface, in 



which 



