R U N 



RUN 



the length of the corolla ; anthers fmalL Pijl. Germen, 

 fuperior, roundifh ; ftyle awl-fhaped, the length of the 

 ftamens ; ftigma triangular. Peric. Drupa coriaceous, tur- 

 binate, with three furrows. Seed. Nut ovate, undivided, of 

 three cells. 



EH". Ch. Calyx three-cleft. Petals three. Drupa co- 

 riaceous. Nut of three cells. 



I. R. amboinenfis. Linn. Sp. PL 49. (Tsjem-tani ; 

 Rheede Hort. Malab. v. 4. 25. t. II. Myxa piriformis, 

 oflkulo trifpermo; Raii Hift. v. 2. 1556.)— Native of wild 

 ftony fandy places, in the hills of Parakaroo, and other parts 

 of the country of Malabar, flowering in December, and 

 bearing fruit in January, which remains long on the 

 branches. This is a tree of vafl fize, with a thick trunk, 

 and rough bark. Leaves evergreen, fcattered, {talked, heart- 

 fliaped, pointed, fharply crenate, with five radiating branched 

 ribs, roughilh and hairy ; dark green on the upper fide ; 

 paler beneath. Flowers white, in axillary clufters. They 

 are reprefented with a hairy tubular calyx, and three feeming 

 braiteas at the bafe ; but the latter appear to be what Lin- 

 nsus defcribes as the calyx. We have feen no fpecimen, 

 nor do we know whence he formed hio generic defcription, 

 which certainly does not accord, in the lall-mentioned re- 

 fpecl, with Rheede's plate. The aromatic, acefcent, or 

 i'omewh^t acrid, qualities attributed to the plant by this 

 writer, juflify Juffieu's opinion of its natural affinities. The 

 fpecific name, ambo'incnf.s, is either incorrect, or muit have 

 been founded on the authority of a fpecimen from Am- 

 boyna, feen perhaps by Linnseus, but of which no record 

 remains. 



P.UMPNEY, in Geography. See Re.uxey. 

 RUMSEY. See Romsey. 



RUMZE, a river of Moravia, which runs into the 

 Marfch, 15 miles S. of Olmutz. 



RUN of a Ship, fo much of her hull as i6 always under 

 water ; growing thinner and lanker by degrees, from the 

 floor-timber to the item-pods. 



This is alfo called the Jhip's 'way aftivard. 

 A fhip is faid to have a good run, when it is long, and 

 the water pafi'es eafily to her rudder, her tuck not lying too 

 low, which is of great importance to her failing. If the 

 water do not come itrongly to her rudder, by reafon of her 

 being built too broad below, (he cannot fleer well ; and a 

 fhip that cannot (leer well, cannot keep a good wind, nor 

 will have any frefh way through the fea, but will always be 

 falling to leeward. 



And yet a fhip with a large and good run lofes much 

 (towage, becaufe it is made narrow below. 



Run, in the Manege. To run a horfe is to put him to 

 his utmott fpeed. Some ufe the word running for any kind 

 of gallop. 



Run Out, in Agriculture, a provincial term applied to land 

 that is exhaulted. It alfo fignifies to fprout as corn in a 

 wet harvefl: ; and likewife to fcour, as in the cafes of 

 cattle. 



It is a very bad and mifchievous practice, though one 

 which is too much indulged in by farmers in many places, 

 to fuffer lands to be quite run out, as they are very difficult, 

 troublefome, and expenfive to bring into order again ; and 

 in a great many cafes, it is almoft irapoffihle ever to reilore 

 them to the fame Itate of cultivation they were in before 

 fuch injuries happened to them. As fuch ill confequences 

 are, therefore, not unfrequently cauied in an intentional man- 

 ner, it may be neceffary to provide againft them by the in- 

 fertion of fuitable claufes in leafes. 



Runs, a term ufed for the fines of planks on which 

 the navigators wheel their barrows> when employed in the 



excavation of a canal. In fome inftances the fame term 

 has been applied to inclined planes. 



RUNACHUSAN, in Geography, a fmall ifland near 

 the W. coaft. of Scotland. N. lat. 58° 13'. W. long. 



5° 4'- 



RUN AN, a town of Pruffia, in Ermeland ; 4 miles N. W. 

 of Heilfberg. 



RUNAWAY Bay, a bay on the N.W. coaft of the 

 ifland of Antigua, between the fort on Corbizon's point 

 N., and fort Hamilton S. — Alfo, a bay on the N. coait of 

 Jamaica, W. of Great Laughlands river and Mumby bay, 

 and 9 or 10 miles E. of Rio Bueno. N. lat. 18 30'. W. 

 long. 77 11'. 



Runaway, Cape, a cape on the E. coaft of New Zea- 

 land ; fo called by Cook in 1 769, from the hafly retreat of 

 the enemy, after having threatened hoftihties. S. lat. 37 

 32'. W. long. i8i°48'. 



RUNCAR1A, in our Old Writers, fignifies land full of 

 brambles and briars. (1 Init. 5.) The word comes from 

 the Latin runca, a weed. 



RUNCATION, a term ufed in the Ancient Hujbandry 

 to exprefs the clearing away the weeds from among the corn, 

 and other fown plants. 



They ufed, when the corn or other plants were an inch or 

 two high, to draw a fort of rake or harrow over the ground 

 indifcriminately over the corn and weeds, and when this was 

 done, a perfon followed over all the field, and picked up all 

 the weeds with the hand : the treading down the young 

 corn, however, by this perfon's feet, and the injury done to 

 it by the rake, were fo great, that the crop always fuffered 

 greatly by it ; and many of the Romans chofe to omit the 

 ufe of the rake or harrow, as a tiling that did as much 

 injury to the corn as to the weeds, and contented them- 

 felves with the fending a perfon to pick up the weeds with- 

 out it. 



This was a fort of firfl hint to the horfehoeing hufbandry 

 of til,- moderns, thuugh fo injudicioufly managed, that it 

 was of very little, if any ufe, in this its infancy. But had 

 thefe farmers been indrufted to fow their corn in rows, and 

 then to ufe the rake or harrow, as we do the hoe, only be- 

 tween thofe rows, they would then have had all the advan- 

 tage of deltroying weeds by it, and of ftirring the earth, 

 and no injury would have been done to the crop. See Hus- 

 bandry. 



RUNCHES, in Agriculture, a term applied to charlock 

 when dry and withered. 



RUNCINATUM, Folium, in Botany SeeLEM. 



RUNCOL, in Geography, a town of Walachia ; 15 mile& 

 N.W. of Tergofyl. 



RUNCORN, a large townfhip, royalty, and parifh, in 

 the welkern divifion of the hundred of Bucklow, county 

 palatine of Chetter, England, is fituated 0:1 the S. bank 

 of the river Merfey, at the diitance of about 14 miles 

 N.E. from the city of Chefter. The royalty belongs to 

 the earl of Cholmondeley, as annexed to the honour of 

 Halton. Runcorn appears to have been anciently a town 

 of confiderable confequence. Ethelfleda, the celebrated 

 filler of king Edward the Elder, bu It a caftle here, fome 

 traces of which can itill be diCcpvered on an eminence 

 called the CalHe Rock, fituated about a [uarter of a mile 

 from the parilh church. This fortr<-fs mult have been im- 

 portant, as it commanded the paflage from the kingdom of 

 Mercia to that of Northumberland. In the year 1 133, a 

 priory for regular canons of the Auguftine order was 

 founded at Runcorn by William Fitz-Nigel, but they were 

 fhortly afterwards removed to Norton. The church, which 

 belonged to this monallery, contains monuments in memory 



of 



