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fpecies, and containing a great number of marine fubftances. 

 The exiftence of chalybeate fprings in different parts of 

 the county, however, feems to prove the prefence of iron- 

 ftone, but that mineral has not yet been discovered, at lead 

 in any quantity. 



The only rivers of note, connected with the county, are 

 the Guam and the Welland. The former, which is popu- 

 larly called the Wafh, interfefts the county nearly in the 

 centre, croffing it from eaft to weft. It takes its rife in 

 Leicefterfhire, and is confidered to be an excellent fifhing 

 river. The Welland alfo has its fource in Leicefterfhire, 

 and forms the boundary for many miles between this county 

 and Northamptonfhire. The other Rutlandfhire ftreams are 

 the Chater, which croffes the county to the fouthward of 

 the Guafh, and the Little Eye, or Lytelee, which bounds 

 it on the fouth-weft. Rutlandfhire does not boaft of a 

 fingle lake ; but it has the more important advantage of a 

 eanal, denominated the Oakham canal. This branch of a 

 more extended line begins in the vicinity of Melton Mow- 

 bray, in Leicefterfhire, enters Rutlandfhire near Teigh, and 

 pafles by Market Overton, Barrow, Cotfmore, and Burley, 

 until it approaches Oakham on the north fide in the level 

 of the vale of Cat mole. 



The roads in this county are tolerably good, but are not 

 generally formed on a good plan, being raifed too high be- 

 fore the materials are laid upon them, and the ftones being 

 much too large. No manufa&ures of any import are car- 

 ried on here, owing to the deficiency of water and the fcarcity 

 of fuel. Rutlandfhire may, therefore, be confidered as en- 

 tirely an agricultural county ; and it is worthy of remark, 

 that notwithftanding the improvements in hufbandry, popu- 

 lation has not increafed during the lall thirty years ; while 

 in manufacturing counties it has almoft doubled itfelf within 

 the fame period. 



Politically fpeaking, Rutlandfhire is divided into five hun- 

 dreds, viz. Wrangdyke, Alfto, Oakham, Eaft, and Mar- 

 tinfley, which contain fifty-three panfhes and two market 

 towns, Oakham and Uppingham. There are no boroughs 

 in the county, fo that it is reprefented in parliament only 

 by two knights of the fhire. In judicial affairs it is in the 

 Midland circuit, and in ecclefiaftical jurifdi&ion is fubjeel 

 to the bifhop of Peterborough. Rutland was an earldom 

 at a very early period, and the honour was ufually a branch 

 of the royal family. It is now a dukedom in the family of 

 Manners. This county is altogether devoid of objefts of 

 antiquarian curioiity. Beauties of England and Wales, 

 vol. xvii. by Mr. Laird, 8vo. 1 8 14. General View of the 

 Agriculture of the County of Rutland, by Richard Parkin- 

 foil, London, 8vo. 1808. A portion of a hiftory of this 

 county has been recently publifhed by Thomas Blore, folio. 

 This fpecimen is fo well executed, that every lover of topo- 

 graphical hiftory, as well as the inhabitants of the county 

 in general, muft regret that the whole work is not completed 

 in the fame ftyle and manner. 



RUTLEDGE, the fhire -town of Grainger county, in 

 the ftate of Tenefiee, fituated in Richland valley : it con- 

 tains a few dwelling-houfes, and is merely a handfome flou- 

 rifhing village. 



RUTLINGEN. See Reutlixgex. 

 RUTNAGHER I, a hill-fort of Hindooftan, in Myfore, 

 taken in the year 1 799 by the Britifh ; three miles W.S.W. 

 of Oudeadurgam. 



RUTSHA, a town of Imiretta ; 38 miles N.E. of Co- 

 tatis. 



RUTTAGURRA, a town of Hindooftan, in Malwa ; 

 jo miles E.N.E. of Bilf-ah. 



RUTTANGUR, a town of Hindooftan, in Baglana j 

 25 miles N.W. of Junere. 



RUTTEE, a weight ufed in the Eaft Indies, one hun- 

 dred of which make eighty-eight caraefs. See Caract. 



RUTTENSTEIN, in Geography, a town of Aultria ; 

 9 miles N.N.W. of Grein. 



RUTTUNGUNGE, a town of Bengal, 47 miles 

 S.S.E. of Nattore. N. lat. 23 53'. E. long. 89* 43'.— 

 Alfo, a town of Bengal ; 10 miles S. of Boglipour. 



RUTTUNPOUR, a circar of Hindooftan, bounded 

 on the N. by Surgooja and Jufhpour, on the E. by Gang- 

 pour, on the S. by a country unknown to Europeans, and 

 on the E. by Goondwanah. Its chief towns are Ruttun- 

 pour, Raypour, and Dumdah. It is traverfed towards the 

 fouth by the river Mahanada. — Alfo, the capital of the 

 fore-mentioned circar, in the country of Oriffa ; 326 miles 

 W. of Calcutta, lying in the road from Bahar te Nagpour. 

 N. lat. 22° 16'. E. long. 82° 36'. — Alfo, a town of Hin- 

 dooftan, in Bahar ; 12 miles N.W. of Durbungah. 



RUTUBA, in Ancient Geography, a river of Italy, in Li- 

 guria, according to Pliny, lib. iii. c. 5. 



RUTULI, a people of Italy, in Latium, who inhabited 

 the country near the fea-coaft. Their origin is uncertain ; 

 but it feems, according to Virgil, that at the arrival of 

 /En .h, Turnus was their king. This prince, in his attempt 

 to oppofe the ellablifhment of the Trojans, was killed in the 

 combat. The Rutuli, in procefs of time, were often con- 

 founded with the Latins. Their capital was called Ardea. 



RUTULUS, in Roman Antiquity, the barrier of the 

 cavea, or place where the wild beaits ufed in amphitheatrical 

 fports wore fhut up. It was made of iron bars, which 

 turned upon hinges, and all at once flew open with great 

 fwiftnefs. 



RUTUNIUM, in Ancient Britifl} Geography. See Ru- 



TINIL'M. 



RUTUPIJE Portus, in Ancient Geography. See Rich- 

 borough. 



RUTY-PUNDOC, in Natural Hi/lory, a name given 

 by the people of the Eaft Indies to a peculiar fpecies of yel- 

 low orpiment, which they find on the tops of the mountains 

 there ; and, after feveral calcinations, give internally in 

 coughs and colds. The ancient Greeks ufed this orpiment 

 in the fame manner. We have of late run into an opinion of 

 its being a fatal poifon ; but Dr. Boerhaave, in his Chemiftry, 

 affirms, on his own trials, that it is innocent and harmlefs. 

 Tkefe people, who have not the ufe of chemiftry, give us a 

 hint of the virtues of great numbers of our own foffils, 

 which are common alfo to their country. The felenitae, 

 fibrofe tails, fpars, and many other foffils, which we wholly 

 neglecf, are in common ufe with them, and great cures 

 are often performed by them. 



RUTZDORF, in Geography, a tov* n of Brandenburg, 

 in the New Mark ; eight miles N. of Cuitrin. 



RUTZEN, a town of Silefia, in the principality of 

 Wolau ; iSmilesN. of Wolau. N. lat. 51 37'. E.long. 

 1 6° 32'. 



RUUN, Ruxo, or Runeholm, an ifland of the Baltic, 

 belonging, in an extenfive fenfe, to the province of Oefel, 

 and lying in the middle of the gulf of Riga, at the diftance 

 of 95 verfts from the town of that name, and rather more 

 than 51 verfts from Oefel. It is diftinguifhable far off at 

 fea by a foreit of birch trees, which occupies one of its 

 fides. It is entirely the property of the crown, and is in- 

 habited by Swedifh boors. Here is a church, to which be- 

 longs a preacher, whofe congregation is fmall, but income 

 very decent, confifting of the tythe of all the produces of 

 the ifland, together with a portion of land. In this ifland is 



alight- 



