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The black fcour is, however, feldom capable of being 

 reilraiued by any means that have yet been had recourfe to ; 

 it therefore, for the mod part, terminates fatally. 



Scour, White, a difeafe in (hcep of the more violent flux 

 kind, fuppofed to originate in confequence of their feeding 

 upon putrefcent vegetable food, efpecially that of the (hells 

 cf fuch turnips as have been left upon the feeding grounds. 

 In thefe cafes, it has been advifed to give two or three large 

 fpoonfuls of the following mixture, every two or three days ; 

 the difeafed fheep being feparated from the reil of the flock. 

 Take of finely powdered and fifted bay-falt, half a pound, 

 and diflolve it in good old verjuice, one pint ; to which add 

 of good common gm half a pint ; mixing the whole of them 

 well together. 



And in order to facilitate the removal of the difeafe, the 

 fheep fhould be put upon good dry food, in an upland paf- 

 ture. See Sheep. 



SCOURING in Cows, a difeafe in thefe animals of 

 the flux kind, in which there are frequent liquid dejefliona 

 from the intellines, proceeding from irritation, the excre- 

 ments, according to Downing, being flimy, bilious, or black ; 

 fometiir.es they are limpid and fluid, like water cad out ; 

 at other times they are frothy, greafy, and mixed with a 

 fat clayifh coloured fubftance. This diforder is generally 

 attended with a bad appetite, a weak deprefled pulfe, harfli 

 dry fltin, dull cotintenance, and fomething of a flow fever. 

 This difeafe is fo obvious, that it needs no further de- 

 fcription ; for the copious evacuation of the excrements, 

 and many other figns, make it evident to the knowledge of 

 every perfon. And he fuppofes, that the firft ttage of it 

 is a companion of the joint yellows, and may be traced out 

 to the fatisfailion of any one who will take the trouble to 

 open any animal that dies of this diforder. 



According to others it affefts oxen as well as cows, 

 and arifes from want of fufficient food, both in quality 

 and proportion ; from being overheated or overworked ; by 

 feeding on wet unvvholefome fog or after-grafs ; by not be- 

 ing lodged in dry fituations ; fometimes from giving them 

 too large a quantity of cut hay or ftraw, hotter than their 

 natural temperature ; though it is fometimes a conftitu- 

 tional taint, and in cows is caufed by their taking cold 

 ■while calving. But whatever be the caule, as foon as it 

 begins to appear it will be neceflary to houfe the bead, 

 and put it to dry food, which, in early ftages of the dif- 

 eafe, often effefts a cure. But in this cafe Mr. Downing 

 advifes the following : 



Take of mutton fuet, one pound ; oil of turpentine, four 

 ounces ; boil thefe together in three quarts of milk till the 

 fuet is diflolved, and give it at night milk-warm ; and the 

 next morning give the following medicine : 



Take pomegranate powder, eight ounces ; logwood in 

 powder, two ounces ; new pipes pounded, two ounces ; 

 Peruvian bark in powder, two ounces ; roch alum in pow- 

 der, fix ounces : mix them together, to be given in two 

 quarts of old jle or urine, and repeated every other day. 

 The beail fhould fall two hours before and two after 

 taking the medicine. He afterwards has recourfe to crab 

 verjuice, in the quantity of a pint, for feveral mornings. 

 And alfo the following. Take calcined oyder-fliells in 

 powder, four ounces ; ditto pipe-clay, one ounce ; oak-bark 

 powder, two ounces ; grains of paradife, one ounce ; roch 

 alum, one ounce. Mix thefe together for one dofe, to be 

 given in a quart of old beer and a pint of red wine, or in 

 three pints of oak-dip from the tan-pits. 



But others advife half a pound of grofsly pulverized 

 tormentil root, to be boiled in two quarts of water till re- 

 duced to one quart, then draining it off, and adding a 



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quart of red wine, a quarter of a pound of finely powdered 

 chalk or whiting, and two ounces of diafcordium, without 

 honey. The mixture fliould be preferved in a bottle, and 

 occalionally well fliaken together, making it lukewarm be- 

 fore it is given. The dofe is half a pint, given three times 

 in the day, at equididant penods. Or half a pound of 

 pulverized common chalk may be boiled in two quarts of 

 water, till diminifhed to three pints, then adding four ounces 

 of hartdiorn fliavings, and one ounce of cafiia, dirring the 

 whole carefully. When cold, two drachms of tinii^ure of 

 opium, and one pint of lime-water, may be added ; the 

 whole being kept clofely dopped in a bottle, and well 

 fliaken before it is ufcd : the dofe is one or two horns-ful 

 in the day. 



Scouring in Calves, adifeafetowhich they are very fubjeft 

 at an early period, being often caufed by improper manage- 

 ment in putting them too foon to the teat, or letting them 

 remain too long at it. It is alfo fometimes caufed oj too 

 frequently changing the milk. 



But in order to cffeA a cure, it has been advifed to rew 

 drift the calf in the quantity of its food, giving a hard 

 boiled ig'g, made fine by chopping, in a drench, the liril 

 thing in the morning. Chalk powdered and mixed up with 

 flour into balls with gin has alio been recommended as ufe- 

 ful and fafe in thefe cafes, by a writer in the Annals of 

 Agriculture. 



In Eflex, fome farmers have found the following remedy 

 almod infallible. Two tea-fpoonfuls of rhubarb in fine 

 powder, and a table-fpoonful of peppermint water, kneaded 

 well together. If once giving of this does not dop the 

 complaint, a fecor.d dofe is given, with a little red port 

 wine added to it, which molUy completes the cure. In 

 one cafe an apparently dying calf was redored by the ufe 

 of this medicine. 



Powdered chalk given in their troughs, with the barley 

 meal for fattening them, is found to have a good efFeft in 

 this intention, as well as in other ways. 



And a decoftion of calcined chalk, hartfliom fliavingSt 

 and a little coarfcly pounded caffia, with a very fmall quan- 

 tity of the tindure of opium, will modly be found of 

 great benefit in cafes of this nature, when given to the ex- 

 tent of from two or three to five or fix table-fpoonfuls once 

 or twice in the courfe of the day. 



Scouring in Lambs, &c. a difeafe which is common to 

 them in many places, but efpecially to thofe which have 

 been fent to winter on the hills from the Romney-marfll 

 lands in the fouthcrn part of the kingdom. Thofe alfo 

 which continue in the Marfli during the fame feafon, are 

 liable to be attacked with the complaint on the approach 

 of Ipring. Sheep which are weakened in their conditu- 

 tions, and have experienced a quick tranfition from poor, 

 low, to rich, full keep, are the mod fubjeft to be affefted. 

 Likewife when they are firll Brought upon the mardi-lands 

 in the early fpring, particularly when moid warm weather 

 fucceeds to keen frods, though it often fliews itfelf at other 

 times of the year, as already noticed. The writer of the 

 Romney-marfll flieep-grazing fydem remarks, that the 

 farmers there confider it falutary, and believe that the fheep 

 fatten more quickly after it : but he fuggeds, that when it 

 is long continued, the powers of their fydems mud be 

 greatly injured and reduced. In fuch cafes, the diforder 

 ought modly to be redrained and removed by having re- 

 courfe to dry food, and the ufe of fuitable remedies. The 

 above writer has had twenty lambs attacked with it in a 

 feafon, and not being able to learn them to eat hay, fuc- 

 ceeded in faving mod of them, by means of giving them an 

 adringent cordial drink, with a fmall portion of opium, and 



turning 



