SCROPHULARIA. 



leaflets heart-fhaped, ferrated, fmooth ; unequal at the bafe. 

 Flower-ftalks axillary, flighlly branched. — Native of the 

 fouth of Europe, Barbary, and the Levant, in fandy 

 ground. The roots are tuberous, according to Alpinus, pe- 

 rennial, but fiibjcft to rot in a garden foil. Herh thick, 

 fmooth, fiicculent, of a light glaucous green. Leaves oppo- 

 fite, or fo;newhat alternate-, irregularly, more or lefs fharply, 

 ferrated, varying much in fize and bluntnefs. Flowers yery 

 large, axillary, drooping ; their Italks ufnally (horter than 

 the footfialh, iimple, divided, or forked ; fometimes elon- 

 gated towards the upper part of the branch, and the leaves 

 being occafionally contrafted, or wanting, there, the inflo- 

 refcence becomes racemofe. Calyx fmooth, or flightly 

 downy ; fegments orbicular, with a membranous edge. 

 Corolla of a pale purplifli tawny hue, with a greenifh limb. 

 Cabfule as big as a fmall filberd, with a conical point. 



We can find no decifive charafker between the two plants 

 of authors, which we have here combined. The leajids of 

 ^ are commonly more rounded or obtufe, but a comparifon 

 of the figures of Miller and Desfontaines will fhew that there 

 is no difference in their inflorejcence. A fpecimen from Bar- 

 bary, given us by the botaniil laft mentioned, \i fambudfolia, 

 which not being mentioned in his work, he plainly did not 

 diftinguifh from his meU'ifera. Thofe who have mentioned 

 thefe two fuppofed fpecies, have not contrafted them with 

 each other, nor have we had an opportunity of comparing 

 them m a living ftate ; but it is to be prefumed the fame 

 honey-bearing glands are to be found in the bottom of the 

 corolla of each, they being in every other refpeft fo much 

 alike. 



22. S. h'lfp'ida. Hifpid Fig-wort. Desfont. Atlant. 

 V. 2. 5 J. Willd. n. 19. " Stem fquare, ereft, hifpid. 

 Leaves villous, pinnate, doubly crenate ; the terminal lobe 

 heart-fhaped, very large, duller compound, leaflcfs." — 

 Native of the clefts of rocks on mount Atlas, near Tlenifen. 

 Root perennial. Stem ereft, firm, {lightly branched, about 

 two feet high, hifpid with very abundant ihort hairs. Leaves 

 oppofite, on ihort (talks, two to three inches long, and above 

 half as broad, villous, fnft and lioary, of a few fmall ovate 

 leajlets, often cut away at the upper edge, befides the large, 

 fometimes lobed, terminal one. Clujler terminal, fix or eight 

 inches long ; its branches oppofite or alternate, fubdivided, 

 hairy. BradeasYmezr. Ca/y.r fmooth, with rounded mem- 

 branous-edged fegment.i. Corolla the fize of S. nodofa. 

 Desfontaines. 



23. S. canina. Wing-leaved Fig-wort, or Dog's Rue. 

 Linn. Sp. PI. 865. WiUd. n. 20. Ait. n. 16. Sm. Fl. 

 Grsc. Sibth. t. 598, unpublithed. (S. n. 328 ; Hall. Hiit. 

 V. I. 142. Rata canina ; Cluf. Hiit. v. 2. 209. Gcr. Em. 

 I2j6.) — Leaves pinnate; leaflets decurrent, cut. Stem 

 round. Cluller leaflefs ; its branches fimply forked, their 

 divifions racemofe. Flowers nearly feihle, without an inter- 

 nal lobe. — Native of Switzerland, France, Italy, and the Le- 

 vant ; frequent in Greece, Crete, and Cyprus. A hardy an- 

 nual, long known in botanic gardens, bnt not generally cul- 

 tivated, flowering molt part of the fummer. Root rather 

 woody. Stems two or three feet high, flighlly angular, 

 purphfh, fmooth, leafy. Leaves dark green, fmooth, oppo- 

 fite or alternate, ftalked ; leaflets deeply cut, or pinnatifid, 

 fometimes accompanied by fmall intermediate ones. Cluflers 

 •one or more, terminal ; fometimes leafy at the bottom, but 

 for the moil part furnifhed throughout with lanceolate brae- 

 teas only ; their branches alternate, fimply forked, with a 

 Jloiver in the fork, the two divifions fimply racemofe, or rather 

 fpik-d, varying greatly (from three to ten) in the number of 

 ihm flowers, which are alternate, almoft feffile, each fub- 

 tended by a fmall braSea, and accompanied by a larger one, 



on the oppofite fide of the flalk. The white membranoui 

 border of the calyx is very confpicuous. Corolla about the 

 fize and ihape of S. aquatica, but deftitute of an intermediate 

 lobe ; Its tube yellowifh-green ; two larger fegments of the 

 limb blood-red ; two lateral ones orange ; odd one green. — 

 Willdenow refers to this, as a variety, S. orientalis, chry- 

 fanthemi folio, flore minimo atropurpureo ; Tourii. Cor. 9, 

 which he fuppofes may be S. lucida of Pallas. We have no 

 knowledge of Tournefort's plant, but, from its place in 

 his work, it fhould fecm to be very nearly related to our 

 .S. bicolor hereafter defcribed, or perhaps a variety of that 

 fpecies. 



24. S. variegata. Spotted-flowered Fig-wort. Marfch. 

 von Bieberft. in Sims and Kon. Ann. of Bot. v. 2. 445. 

 Willd. n. 22. — " Stems fhrubby at the bafe. Leaves bi- 

 pinnatifid, dow-ny. Clutters elongated ; flower-ftalks fhort, 

 rough, with hooked hairs." — Native of the ftony banks 

 of rivers, and barren hills, between the rivers Terek and 

 Kur, in the neighbourhood of the Cafpian fea, flowering in 

 June and July. The root is perennial. Stem woody at the 

 bafe, with numerous long tlender branches, clothed, like 

 all the reit of the herbage, with rough hairs. Flowers ra- 

 ther lefs than in .9. canina. Corolla purplifh ; its two upper 

 fegments fhort, obtufe, incumbent, one of them marked 

 with a white fpot ; three lower ones white, very fmall, ob- 

 tufe. Akin to the lail, but, according to this defcription, 

 fuffxciently dillinft. 



25. S. lucida. Shining-leaved Fig-wort. Linn. Sp. PI. 

 865. Willd. n. 21. " Hort. Berolin. t. 57." Ait. n. 17. 

 Sm. Fl. Graec. Sibth. t. 599, unpublifhed. (S. faxatilis 

 lucida, laferpitii maflilienfis foliis ; Tourn. Infl. 167. Bocc. 

 Muf. 166. t. 117. S. indica ; Ger. Em. 716? S. glauco fo. 

 ho, in amplas lacinias divifo ; Tourn. Cor. 9. Voy. v. i. 

 84, with a plate.) — Leaves pinnate, flefhy, fmooth ; leaflets 

 pinnatifid, decurrent, cut. Stem round. Clutter leaflefs j 

 its branches forked, cymofe. Flowers ftalked ; without an 

 intermediate lobe. — Native of Italy and the Levant ; com- 

 mon in tlie iilands of the Archipelago. The root is woody, 

 and faid to be perennial. It is not eafy to dittinguifh this 

 fpecies, by defcription, from the canina, except that the 

 leaves appear to be more glaucous, and the clutter of 



Jlowers altogether more cylindrical, wfeh fhorter compaft 

 branches, of a cymofe habit, \.he Jlowers all ftalked. The 

 four uppcrmoft fegments of the corolla are all of one nearly 

 uniform blood-red, (without any intermediate lobe,) the 

 odd one green. Cap/ule nearly twice the fize of canina. 

 Linnxus quotes the plant of Tournefort's Voyage as the 

 fame with what that writer had previoufly mentioned, 

 by another name, in his Inflitutioncs. Dr. Siblhorp's cx- 

 aftly anfwers to the plate of Tournefort, and is drawn with 

 leaves more glaucous than canina. 



z6. S. Jilicifolia. Fern-leaved Fig-wort. Mill. Did. 

 ed. 8. n. 10. Sm. Prodr. Fl. Grsc. Sibth. n. 1456. Fl. 

 Grxc. t. 600, unpublifhed. (S. foliis filicismodo laciniatis, 

 vel ruta canina latifolia ; Tourn. Init. 167.) — Leaves pin- 

 nate ; leaflets pinnatifid, decurrent, cut ; in the loweft 

 leaves obovate. Stem fquare. Clutter leaflefs ; its branches 

 forked, divaricated, with from five to nine flowers. Corolla 

 with an intermediate lobe. — Native of Crete. A large tall 

 fpecies, with dark-green leaves, of which the lowermoit are 

 a foot long, with broad, obovate, lobed, cut, decurrent 

 leajlets. It is readily dittinguiihed from S. canina, lucida, and 

 their allies, by the fquarenefs of itsjlem, to the very top of 

 the clujler, and the prefence of an intermediate lobe to the 

 corolla; the two upper fegments of whofe limb are of a pe- 

 culiarly dark red, or chocolate colour ; th-. lateral fegments, 

 like the lobe juft menuoned, of a pale red ; the lower one 



green, 



