SENECIO. 



embrace the ftem, and the taper-pointed fcalca at the bafe of 

 the calyx, which are not blackened and abrupt at the tip, as 

 in perhaps every other Senecio." This fpecies vanes much 

 in the depth of the fegments of its leaves. The florets ol 

 the radius are not at firft revolute, but gradually become fo. 

 S. fyhatkus. Mountain Groundfel. Lnin. Sp. PI. 1 2 1 7 . 

 Engl. Bot. t. 748. " Fl. Dan. t. 869." — Radius revo- 

 lute. Leaves pinnatifid, lobed, toothed. Scales of the 

 calyx (hort. Stem ereft, llraight, corymbofe.— Comtr.c..i 

 in buihy fpots upon gravelly or fandy heaths, flowering in 

 July. Root annual. Stem three feet liigh, leafy, fur- 

 rowed, rather hairy, many-flowered. Leaves numerous, 

 fcattered, with an unpleafant fmell, and flightly v.fcid. 

 Flowers yellow, but paler and fmaller than in fyl-vatuus, of 

 which fome authors have conlidercd this as a variety, but 

 from which it is perfedly diifinft. 



The remaining fpecies of Willdenow m this fettion are, 

 S. triflorus, ,?gypthis, miJIraUs, lautus, cmjifolius, humilis, leu- 

 cnnthemif alius, auritiis, gi^anteus, tekphifolius, Irilobus, c'meraj- 

 cens,javanicus, coronopif alius, multifidus, nebrodenfis, glaucus, 

 and varicofus. 



Seft. 3. Florihus rtiJiiilis, radio patenle ; foliis pinnati- 

 fdis. Flowers with a fpreading radius and piiinatilid leaves. 

 S. hnjlatus. Spleen -wort-k-aved Groundfel. Willd. n. 4J. 

 (Jacobaa afra perennis vifcofa lutea, afplenii foliis ; Dili. 

 Elth. 183. t. 152. f. 184.) — Radius fpreading. Leaf- 

 ftalks embracing the ftem. Flower-ilalk thrice as long as 

 the leaf. Leaves hallate, fiiiuated. — Native of the Cape of 

 Good Hope, flowering molt part of the fumnier. Stem 

 herbaceous, perennial, about two feet high, branched at the 

 bottom. Leaves italked, narrow, feven or eight inches 

 long, very glutinous. Flo-wers terminal, yellow, two or 

 three on ezchjla/i. 



S. elegans. Elegant Groundfel, or Piirpb Jacobaea. 

 Linn.Sp. Fl. 1218. WiUd. n.58. Curt. Mag. t. 238.— 

 Radius fpreading. Leaves hairy, vifcid, piiiLatifid, equal, 

 much-fpreadiiig. Common llalk narrowed below. Calyx 

 hairy. — Native alfo of the Capo, flowering from June to 

 autumn. Linnseua gave to this mniual the name of elegans, 

 becaufe of the beauty of hs^owers, their radius being of a 

 moft brilliant purple, and their dilk bright yellow ; colours 

 peculiar to this and S. venuflus, Willd. n. 57. — 'Yhejlem is 

 abcut eighteen inches high, eredt, branched, furrowed. 

 Leaves at the llem-joints, bright green. Tlie figure of 

 Curtis exhibits a beautiful variety of this fpecies, with double 

 flowers, whofe colours are equally brilliant as when iingle. 

 It occafionally produces white flowers. 



S.fqualidus. Inelegant Ragwort. Linn. Sp. PI. 12 18. 

 Engl. Bot. t. 600. — Radius fpreading, longer than the 

 calyx ; its florets elliptical and entire. Leaves pinnatifid j 

 their legmentsdiltant, fomewliat hnear. Plentiful on almoit 

 every wall in and about Oxford, flowering from June to 

 Odober. Root annual or biennial. Stem ereft, branched, 

 much ipreadiiig, fometimes a little hairy. Leaves feflile, 

 deeply pinnatifid, narrow, fmooth, flat, rather flefhy, often 

 purplilh beneath. Flowers folitary, of a bright golden 

 yellow, on terminal, folitary, brafteated, corvmbofe ilalks. 

 The whole herb has a peculiar fmell, fomewliat like Tanfy 

 or Mug wort, 



S. abi-otamf alius. Southern-woud leaved Groundf 1. 

 Linn, Sp. PI. 1219. Jacq. Aultr. t. 79. — Radius fpread- 

 ing. Leaves pinnatifid, jagijed ; leaflets hnear, naked, acute. 

 Stalks moltly two-flowtred. — Native of the Auftrian Alps, 

 flowering from July t(i Oc/tober. Root perennial, com- 

 ■pofed of many, long, (lender fibres, ftriking deep, and 

 fpreading 011 all fides. Stem from one to two feet hi"-h, 



ilriated upwards. Lower leaves bipinnutifid, flalked ; tpper 

 pinnatifid, feUile ; all d.irk green above, glaucous beneath. 

 Flowers large and handfome, lemon-coloured, in ttrniii.zl 



bu::ches. t- , 



S. tenuifolius. Hoary Ragwort. ^Vllld. n. 75. Eng.. 

 Bot. t. 574. Jacq. Auftr. t. 278.— Radius fpreading. 

 Leaves pinnatifid, fomewliat revolute ; paler and ftiaggy be- 

 neath. Stem creft, cottony.— Found occafionally iu woodt, 

 on hedges, and by road fuics, chiefly in a calcareous foil, 

 flowering in July and AuguU. Rool perennial, rather 

 creeping. Stem ereft, wand-like, furrowed, leaty, ton-m- 

 bofc at the top. Leaves numerous, altern ite, embracing the 

 ilem, more or lefs cottony beneath, and otien white with 

 down. Flowers corymbole, bright yellow. This n cer- 

 tainly dittiaft from S. erucifolius of Liimxus, fays the author 

 of Enghfh Botany, who is inclined to think it may rather be 

 a variety oi fylvaticus whicli it more nearly refemblei. 



S. JaeoUd. Common Ragwort. Linn. Sp. PI. 12 19. 

 Engl. Bot. t. 1 130. Mart. Rufl. t. 85. — Radius fpreading. 

 Leaves doubly pinnatifid, foinewhat lyrate, divaricated, 

 toothed, fmooth. Stem ereft. — Abundant in all kinds of 

 walle ground,* flowering in the height and drought of 

 fummer, when " it forms a contrail with the furrounding 

 fcorched and withered herbage." Root perennial, fibrou.<. 

 Stem ereft, branched, ilriattd, fmootliilli, leafy, curymbofe, 

 many-flowered. Leaves molUy fmooth, dark green, cut into 

 various, fpreading, toothed legmentf. Flowers very nu- 

 merous, of a bright, golden yellow, terminal, corymbofc. 

 A cottony web, more or lefs denfe, frequently invells the 

 flower-ftalks and calyx. 



S. aquaticus. Marfli Ragwort. Willd. n. 77. Sm. Fl. 

 Brit. SS5. Engl. Bot. t. 1131. Fl. Dan. t. 784.— Radiu« 

 fpreading ; florets elliptical. I>eavcs lyrate, lerrated '; the 

 lowermoil obovate and undivided. Seeds fmooth. — Very 

 common in moill meadows and ditched, where it flowers 

 from July to the end of autumn. The herbage of ihis^f- 

 rennial is moftly fmooth, except when it grows in dry 

 fituations, and then it is fonutimes a little woolly. Stem 

 erect, branched, purplilh at the bafe, like the lalt fpecies. 

 Leaves variable in fliape, from ovate to deeply pinnatifid, of 

 a much lighter ereen than in Jacobea. The flowers are 

 larger, fewtr in number, and of a brighter colour ; but the 

 entire fmoothnefs of its feeds conllitutes the moft ftriking 

 mark of fpecific diltinftion between thus and the lilt, ot 

 which Linnxus confidered it oily as a variety. " In having 

 the feeds both of the dilk and radius quite fmooth, it differs 

 (fays fir J, E. Smith) from every other Semcio we have bctri 

 able to examine." 



The remaining fpecies of Willdenow in this feftion are, 

 S.fquamofm, incifus, camofus, abruptus, lyratus, fpirteifoliut, 

 pubigerus, vernalit, montanus, rup^Jlris, dentalus, vcnujius, eruci- 

 folms, fpeciojus, erofus, uaifiorut, iiicanus, camiolicus, parvi- 

 florus, vmricatus, titvigatiij, grandifi'^nss, myrrhifolius, dij- 

 fufus, canadeiijis, elelpliinijo.'ius, auriculatus, aureus, Bal' 

 famiu, obovatiis, and umbellaJus. 



Seft. 4. Floribus riidiatis ; foliis inJivifis. Flowers with 

 a radius. Leaves undivided. 



S. pnludofus. Great Fen Ragwort. Bird's-tongue. 

 Linn. Sp. Pi. J 220. Engl. Bot. t. 650. Fl. Dan. t. 3S5. 

 — Radius fpreading. Leaves fword-ftiaped, iharply ler- 

 rated, fomewhat woolly beneath. Stem perteftly llraight. 

 — Native of Europe 111 fens and marlhe>, but very rare in 

 Britain. It flowers in Jnne and July. Root perennial, of 

 many long, fimple fibres. Stems crcft, from three to fix 

 feet in height, fimple, leafy, round, ftriated, hollow, clothed 

 with a loole down. Leavei feflile, fcatlexcd, narrowed al 



the 



