SET 



SET 



greateft advantage, in fo far as the plants aM concerned. 

 They are commonly put out in this way to the proper dif- 

 tances for growing as crops, and the work is for the moll 

 part done by means of a line and dibble. See Thinning 



out Crops, and TRANSPLANTING. 



Setting of Wheat, is a method of cultivating wheat, 

 which was probably firft fuggefted by planting grains in a 

 garden from mere curiofity, and firft attempted on a larger 

 fcale by a farmer near Norwich, about the year 1 768. His 

 example was followed by feme of his neighbours, and par- 

 ticularly by one of the largeft occupiers of land in the county 

 of Norfolk, who fet fifty-feven acres in one year. His fuc- 

 cefs, from the vifible fuperiority in his crop both in quantity 

 and quality, was fo great, that the following autumn he 

 fet three hundred acres, and afterwards continued the prac- 

 tice. The method of fetting was generally introduced, in 

 confequence of this experiment, among the intelligent 

 farmers, in a very large ditlrift of land. And it has been 

 obferved, in recommendation of it, that, although the fet 

 crops appear very thin during the autumn and winter, the 

 plants tiller and fpread prodigioufly in the fpring. The ears 

 are indifputably larger, without any dwarfifh or fmall corn ; 

 the grain is of a larger fathom, and fpecifically heavier per 

 bufhel than when fown. It fiirni(hes employment for aged 

 perfons and children, at a fealon when they have httle eU'e 

 to do ; it faves te the farmer fix pecks of feed-wheat in 

 every acre ; the expence is already reduced to about fix {hil- 

 lings an acre ; and a drill-plough has been invented, by 

 which one man may fet an acre a day. 



The lands on which this method particularly fucceeds, 

 are either after a clover ftubble, or thofe on which trefoil 

 and grafs-feed were fown the fpring before the laft, and on 

 which cattle have occafionally paftured during the fummer. 

 Thefe grounds, after the ufual manuring, are once turned 

 over by the plough in an extended flag or turf, at ten inches 

 wide ; along which a man, who is called a dibbler, with two 

 fetting-irons, fomewhat bigger than ram-rods, but con- 

 fiderably bigger at the lower end, and pointed at the ex- 

 tremity, fteps backwards along the turf, and makes the 

 holes about four inches afunder every way, and an inch deep. 

 Into thefe holes, the droppers (women ^nd children ) drop 

 two grains, which are quite lumcient. After this, a gate, 

 bufhed with thorns, is drawn by one horfe over the land, 

 and clofes up the holes. By this mode, three pecks of 

 grain are fufficient for an acre ; and being immediately 

 buried, it is equally removed from vermin, or the power of 

 froft. The regularity of its rifing affords the beft oppor- 

 tunity of keeping clear from weeds, by weeding or hand- 

 hoeing. 



Setting, a term ufed in fheep-management, which fig- 

 nifies the picking, choofing, and felefting thofe which are 

 the beft formed, and moft perfeft for the purpofes of breed- 

 ing, forming the flock, and keeping as ftock ; the others, 

 or the refufe ill-formed fiieep, being fold off, or fent to be 

 fattened in the proper paftures. The praftice is extremely 

 ufeful and neceflary, where good ftock of this kind is aimed 

 at, as it cannot be well obtained without it. See Sheep, 

 and Sorting Sheep-Stock. 



Setting Lamb-Stock, a terra made ufe of to fignify the 

 praftice of culling and removing thofe lambs, which are any 

 way improper for being kept as ftock. It is an excellent 

 cuftom in ftieep-management, which fliould be as feldom as 

 poffible neglefted. 



Setting of Farms, the bufinefs of letting them to 

 tenants of different kinds. Much care and attention are ne- 

 ceflary in the management of this bufinefs. See Letting 

 Farms. 



Setting of Bricks. See Bricks. 



SETTiNG-/'m, the name of a dibble or fetting-tool. 



SETTiNG-^/iVi, the ftick ufed in fetting out plants or 

 cuttings as field crops, and iti putting in and planting out 

 thofe ufed for garden culture. 



SETTLE, in Geography, a market-town in the parifh 

 of Gigglefwick, weft d'vifion of the wapentake of Staia> 

 chffe and Ewcrofs, Weft Riding of Yorkfhire, is fituated 

 at the diftance of 58 miles W. by N. from York, and z^z 

 miles N.W. by N. from London. The pofition of this 

 town, though fingular, is pleafant, Handing clofe to the 

 bafe of an almoft perpendicular lime-ftone rock, about 

 300 feet high ; from the fummit of which is a fine profpeft 

 of an expanfive vale, bounded on all fides by craggy moun- 

 tains. This vale, which is watered by the river Ribble, and 

 hence has acquired the appellation of Ribblefdale, is not 

 furpaffed by any in England in richnefs of verdure. As the 

 prevalence of fogs and rains prevents the ripening of corn, it 

 is almoft wholly appropriated to pafturage ; and fuch is its 

 fertility, that the greater part of it rents as high as fix 

 pounds an acre. According to the parliamentary returns 

 of 181 1, Settie townfhip contains 274 houfes, and 1 153 

 inhabitants, who are chiefly engaged in the cotton manu- 

 fadu'-e, and in the purfuits of husbandry. Like moft of 

 the other towns and villages in this diftrift, it is principally 

 built of ftone, brick being ufed only for the chimnies. 

 The market day here is Friday, weekly ; and the fairs are 

 on Tuefday before Palm Sunday, Thurfday before Good 

 Friday, and every alternate Friday till Whitfunday, 26th 

 April, 2d June, 1 8th and 21ft Auguft, firft Tuefday after 

 27th OSober, and every other Monday throughout the 

 year. Thefe fairs are generally well attended, and are 

 noted for large fupphes of cattle. 



About a mile to the N.W. of Settle is the village of 

 Gigglefwick, which gives name to the parifh, and where 

 the church is accordingly fituated. This village is re- 

 markable for an excellent free grammar-fchool, founded in 

 the reign of Edward VI., and fupported by rich endow, 

 ments in land. At prefent the falary of the mafter is 5C0/. 

 per annum, that of the ufher 200/., and that of the writing- 

 mafter 150/.; and each has a good houfe, garden, and 

 every convenience for a comfortable dweUing. Near 

 Gigglefwick is a fpring, which exhibits the fingular phe- 

 nomenon of a conftant influx and reflux of its waters at ir- 

 regular periods, fometimes thrice or oftener in an hour. 

 No fatisfaftory explanation of this fingularity has yet been 

 offered to public notice. 



At the diftance of feveral miles further to the N.W. 

 from Settle, on the road to Kendle in Weftmoreland, ftands 

 Irgleton, a large village, the vicinity of which prefents 

 many objedls worthy the attention of the admirers of ro- 

 mantic fcenery. Among thefe are Thornton-Scar, Yordas 

 Cave, and Weathercote Cave, and the mountains of Ingle- 

 borough, Pennigant, and Wharnfide. Thornton-Scar is a 

 tremendous chafm, above 300 feet ia depth, which extends 

 a confiderable way into the mountains, and is fo narrow to- 

 wards the bottom, that the fides in fome places approach 

 within a few feet of each other. Yordas Cave is fituated 

 under a mountain, called Greg-roof. It is entered through 

 a rude arched opening, refembling the gateway of an an- 

 cient cafUe, and extends about 170 feet in length, 40 in 

 breadth, and 48 in height. On one fide are feveral re- 

 cefles, and the roof and walls exhibit a variety of petrifac- 

 tions. Weathercote Cave difplays fcenery itill more ro- 

 mantic and fublime. It is of a lozenge form, and divided 

 into two by a grotefque arch of hme-ftone rock j the total 

 length about 200, and the breadth about 90 feet. At the 



fouth 



