S E V 



fett'imo magkre, is compofed diatonically, like the former, 

 of (even degrees, and fix intervals, fix of which are full 

 tones, and a fingle one a greater femitone ; fo that only- 

 one greater femitone is wanting of the oftave ; as from ;;/ 

 to fi: and chromatically of eleven femitones, fix of which 

 are greater, and five lefler. It takes its origin from the 

 ratio of 15 to 8. 



The fourth is the redundant feventh, compofed of five 

 tones, a greater femitone and a lefler, as from f. flat to la 

 (harp : fo that it only wants a comma of an oclave ; that is, 

 fo much as it wants to render its fecond femitone a greater. 

 Hence many confound it with the oftave itfelf ; maintain- 

 ing, with good reafon, that only the three firft fevenths 

 can be of any ufe. 



In thorough bafles the feventh, whether double, fimple, 

 major, or minor, is marked by a figure of 7 ; but if it be 

 accidentally flat, or minor, thus, 6 7, or 7 b- If fiiarp, 

 major, thus, * 7, or 7 *. Again, if when it is naturally 

 minor, it be marked with a flat, it mull be diminilhed. 

 See Fundamental. 



SEVERAC le Chateau, in Geography, a town of France, 

 in the department of the Aveyron, and chief place of a canton, 

 in the diitridl of Milhau ; 21 miles E. of Rodes. The place 

 contains 21 13, and the canton 60JI inhabitants, on a terri- 

 tory of ^\^\ kiliomctres, in 7 communes. N. lat. 46° 

 19'. E. long. 3° 9'. 



SEVERAL, in Agriculture, the fame as dole. See 

 Dole. 



Sever.AL Tail, or Inheritance, in Law. See INHERIT- 

 ANCE. 



Several Tenancy, Temna fepciraJis, a plea, or exception 

 taken to a writ that is laid againft two perfons as joint te- 

 nants, who areyfi;^/-a/. 



SEVERALTY, EJlatn in. He that holds lands or 

 tenements in feveralty, or is fole tenant of them, is he who 

 holds them in his own right only, without any other perfon 

 being connefled with him in point of intereft, during his 

 eftate therein. 



Severalty Land, in Agriculture, fuch as is in an open 

 field (late, and divided amongft many. It is a bad fituation 

 or tenure of land, and ought to be done away as foon as 

 poflible. 



SEVERANCE, in Law, the Jingling or fevering two 

 or more that join, or are joined, in the fame writ or 

 a£lion. 



As if two join in a writ, de Ubertate probanda, and the 

 one be afterwards nonfuitcd ; here Icverance is permitted, fo 

 as, notwithftanding the iionfuit of the one, the other may 

 feverally proceed. 



There is alfo feverancc of the tenants in aflife ; when one, 



-two, or more difleifees .ippear upon the writ, and not the 



^ other. And fcverance in debt, where two executors are 



named plaintiffs, and the one refufes to profccute. We 



alfo meet with fcverance of fummons, feverance in attaints, 



&c. 



An eftate in joint tenancy may be fevered and dcllroyed by 

 dellroying any of its ujiities. i. That of time, which re- 

 fpefts only the original commencement of the joint ellate, 

 cannot indeed (being now palt) lie affefted by any lubfe- 

 quent tranfadlion. But, 2. The joint-tenant's eftate may 

 be deftroycd, without any alienation, by merely difiuiiting 

 their poftefiion. 3. The jointure may be deftroyed, by de- 

 llroying the unity of title. And 4. By dcftroying the unity 

 of intereft. Blackft. Comm. book ii. 



Severanci: of Corn. The cutting and carrying it from 

 Vol. XXXII. 



S E V 



off the ground ; and fometimes the fetting out the tythe? 

 from the reft of the corn, is called feverance. 



SEVERIA, or Sieweirz, in Geography, a town of 

 Auftrian Poland, in Galicia, capital of a duchy fold by the 

 duke of Tefchen to the biftiops of Cracow ; . 4 miles N. W. 

 of Cracow. 



Severia, a town of European Turkey, in the Morca ; 14 

 miles N.E. of Mifitra. 



SEVERIANS, Severiani, ia Ecckfafical Hi/lory. 

 There were two lefts of heretics thus called : the firft, who 

 are as old as the beginning of the third century, were an 

 impure branch of the Gnoftics ; thus called from their chief, 

 Severus. 



The feeond, by fome called Severites, were a feft of Mo- 

 nophyfite?, or Eutychians ; their leader, Severus, was pre- 

 ferred to the fee of Antiochin 513, where he did his utmoil 

 to fet afide the council of Chalcedon. 



SEVERIK, in Geography, a town of Afiatic Turkey, 

 in the government of Diarbekir ; 50 miles W. of Diar- 

 bekir. 



SEVERIN, or Szoresy, a town of Walachia, on 

 the Danube, founded by the emperor Severus ; 1 2 miles E. 

 of Orfova. 



SEVERINUS, pope, in Biography, a Roman, was 

 elefted foon after the death of Honorius, in 638, but was not 

 confecrated till May 640, when the papal fee had been va- 

 cant nearly two years. This delay was owing to the refu- 

 fal of the emperor to confirm the elcftion till the clergy 

 of Rome had promifed that their bifhop fliould fign the de- 

 claration of faith relative to the one will of Chrift, drawn up 

 by Sergius, the patriarch of Conftantinople, and publiflied 

 by Heraclius. During the vacancy of the fee, the Lateran 

 palace was plundered of all its treafures by the exarch of 

 Ravenna. At length the confirmation of the eleftion of 

 Severinus arrived, but he enjoyed his elevation only about 

 two months, which afforded opportunity for no remarkable 

 aft, except that he refufed to receive the declaration, and 

 even publilhed a decree condemning it. 



Severinus, Marcus Aurelius, a diftinguifhed phyfi- 

 cian, was born at Tarfia, in Calabria, in the year 1580. 

 His early inclination led liim to the fhidy of the law ; but 

 he fubfequently abandoned that purfuit for the profeflion of 

 medicine, and received the degree of doftor in the univerfity 

 of Naples. He became ultimately one of the niofl cele- 

 brated profeftbrs of that fchool, and taught anatomy and 

 furgery with fuch reputation, as to attraft a crowd of flu- 

 dents to the univerfity. His method of treating furgical 

 fubjefts in his writings was highly commended by Bartliolin. 

 He was, however, a harfli praftitioncr, and cenlurcd the 

 inertncfs of his contemporaries, for neglefting the cautery 

 and the knife, as employed by the ancients, and himfelf car- 

 ried the ufe of the aftual cautery to a great extent. He died 

 at Naples, on the 15th of July, 1656, at the age of feventy- 

 fix. He was a man of bold and original mind, but fome- 

 what attached to paradox ; and was the author of feveral 

 publications, of which we have the following catalogue. 

 " Hiftoria Anatomica, Oblervatioque medica evifcerati ho- 

 minis 5" 1629. " De recondita abfceffuum natura Libri 

 ofto ;" 1630, which paifed through many editions. " Vi- 

 pera Pythiar, id eft, de Vipers; natura, veucno, et medicina ;" 

 1643. " Zootonica Democritea, id efl, Anatome gcncra- 

 lis totius animantiuin opifitii. Lib. v." 1645, containing the 

 refult of his difleftion of a great many animals. " De cfli- 

 caci Medicinn, Libri iii." 1646. In this work he extols the 

 advantages of fire and fteel in the cure of difeafes. " De 

 I.,apide fuiigifero, de Lapide fungimappa, Epiftolae du« ;" 

 Y y 1649- 



