S H A 



SUA 



that which (lands on the floor. From the feat S draw S i, appearance of Drj-den'a tragedy, entitled the " Duke of 

 meeting CG m ; draw or parallel to Z Y, and draw ihe Giiife," in 1683, Shadwell was charged with havinjx the 

 ray Lmr, and r will Hl- ll.e fhadow of the point m; draw S/j, principal hard in writing a piece, entitled •' Soinc Rofledlions 

 cutting C Gin/.; draw/j parallel to Y Z, and draw L «, on the pretended Parallel in the Play called the Duke of 

 cutting /. J at X ; then s is the (hadow of the point n ; alfo Guife, in a Letter to a Friend," which was printed the lame 

 draw S^, meeting C G in y; draw qt paralU to Z Y. and year. Dryden wrote a vindicition of the Piirallel, and a 

 draw hi, meeting ql at /, then / is the fiiadow of the point i ; confiderable ftorm was raifcd both againft S: adwcll and hi» 



join rs and s t, which complete the whole fludow of the friend Hunt, who aflilied him in it, and who on this occa- 



prifm upon the floor, and on the wall. 



The principle of finding the fliadows of the prifms on the 



other fides, is the fame, and will be obvious to infpedtion. 



The truth of the method has already been fliewn. 



Shadow, in Geography. The inhabitants of the globe 



are divided, with refpedl to their fhadowp, into Afcii, Am- 



phifcii, Heterofcii, and Perifcii. 



Shadow, in Painlitig, denotes an imitation of a real (ha- 

 dow, effected by gradually heightening and darkcnintj the 



fion was forced to fly into Holland. Dryden, bj way of 

 revenge upon Shadwell, wrote the bittereil latire againit 

 him that ever was penned; this was the celebrated Mac- 

 Flecknoe. 



fn 1688 Shadwell was appointed to fucceed his rival 

 Dryden in the laureatlhip, an honour which he did not enjoy 

 many years. He died fuddenly in the year 1692, in the 

 fifty-fecond year of his agf, at Clieliea, and was interred in 

 the church there. Dr. Nicholas Brady preached his funeral 



colours of fuch figures as by their difpofition cannot re- fermon, in which he allures us, " that the fubjeft of his dif- 



ceive any direft rays from the luminary fuppofed to en- courfe was a man of great honefty and integrity, and had 



lighten the piece. The management of the fliadows and a real love of truth and fincerity ; an inviolable fidelity and 



lights makes what painters call the clair-obfcure : the laws Itriftnefs to his word ; an unalterable friendihip wherever he 



profelied it ; and a much deeper fenfe of religion, than 

 many others have who pretend to it .more openly." The 

 titles of Shadwell's plays are given in the Biographia Dra- 

 matica. An edition of his works, confiding of thofe plays 

 and mifceilaneous poems, was printed in 1 720, in four vols. 

 8vo. The rarl of Rocheftcr, in fpeaking of Shadwell, fays, 

 " If he had burnt all he had written, and printed all he 



of which fee under the article Clair-obscure. 



Shadows, Gene/is of Curves by. See CuRVE. 



Shadows, Blue. See Blueness. 



SHADUAN, in Geography, a fmall ifland in the Red 

 fea N. lat. 27" 28'. E. long. 33° 58'. 



SHADWELL, Thomas, in Biography, a dramatic 

 writer, and poet-laureat to king William 111., was de- 



fcended of an ancient family in StaflFordfhire, and was born fpoke, he would have had more wit and huinour than any 

 about the year 1640, at Lauton-hall, in Norfolk, a feat otiier poet." 



belonging to his father, who was bred to the law, but hav- Shadwell, in Geography, a parifli in the Tower divifion 

 ing an ample fortune did not praftife, choofing rather to of the hundred of Offulfton, and county of Middlefex, Eng- 

 ferve his country as a magiftrate. He was in the commiflion land, is fituated about two miles and a half E. by S. from 

 for three counties, w'z. Middlcfex, Norfolk, and Suffolk, St. Paul's cathedral. It was formerly called Cliadwcll, as 

 and difcharged the duties of the office with diftinguifhed is fuppofed from a fpriiig dedicated to St. Chad, and con- 

 abihty, and the moft perfeft integrity. In the civil wars ftituted a hamlet in the parilh of Stepney, till fcparated 

 he had been a confiderable fufferer for the royal caufe, from it, and made parochial, in 1669. The extent of this 

 fo that having a numerous family, he was reduced to the parilh is very fmall, being only 910 yards in length, and 

 necellity of felling and fpending a confiderable part of his 760 in breadth, and is wholly covered with houfes, except a 

 eftate to fupport it. In thefe circumltances he refolved few acres, called Sun Tavern fields, which are appropriated 



to educate his fon to his own profeflion. He was fent 

 for preparatory lUidies to Caius college, Cambridge, and 

 was afterwards entered at the Temple, but becoming ac- 

 quainted with fome of the wits of that time, he deferted his 

 profeffion and devoted himfelf to literature. It was not 



ppropriate_ 

 as rope-walks. That portion of it which adjoins the Thames, 

 and is called Lower Shadwell, is chiefly inhabited by 

 tradefmcn, and manufadurers connefted with the (hipping ; 

 fuch as (hip. chandlers, bifcuit-bakers, wholefale butchers, 

 malt-makers, fail-makers, anchor-fmiths, coopers, &c. A 



long before be became eminent in dramatic poetry, and he market which had been formerly held at Shadwell under 

 appeared before the public as the writer of a comedy en- the authority of a charter of king Charles II., but which 

 titled " The fuUen Lovers," or " The Impcrtinents," which 

 was a£led in the duke of York's theatre, and in 1668 it wr.s 

 printed. The fuccefs of this piece encouraged the author 

 to proceed, and he from this period rapidly brought out 

 plays, chiefly of the comic kind, till he had reached the 

 number of feventeen. His model was Ben Jonfon, whom 



was long dilufed, has been revived within the lall few years. 

 The church, dedicated to St. Paul, is a modern Ihudure of 

 brick. The living is a rcdlory in the gift of the dean of 

 St. Paul's. In STiakfpeare's walk is a mceting-houfe for 

 Prefbyterian dilienters, opened only on Sunday evenings, 

 when fermons arc delivered by dilfenting minilters of different 

 he imitated in drawing humorous charafters, rather from his denominations, for the fupport of a cliarity-fchool, in which 

 own conceptions than from nature ; and though his name 50 boys and 20 girls are clothed and educated. Here are 

 has not been traufmittcd to pollerity with much encomium, alfo a Calvinill meeting-houfe, and a chapel for Willeyan 

 and his works have long fince difappearcd from the Itage, Methodills, who have a Sunday-fchool attended by above 

 yet fome of his delineations are faid to diiplay much real lOO children. A third chanty-fchool, founded in 17 12, 

 humour. Lord Roehcller has given him a refpeftable place and partly endowed by queen Anne, provides clothes and 

 '' ' ' "^ education for 80 boys and girls. 



The Shadwell water-works, which were eftabliflied in 



among his contemporaries ; he fays, 



" None feem to touch upon true comedy. 

 But bally Shadwell, and flow Wycherly." 



As every one in thofe days was of necelFity a party man, 

 Shadwell ranked himfelf among the Whigs, and in confe- 

 quence of this he was fet up as a rival to Dryden. Hence 

 there grew a mutual diilike between them, and upon the 



1669, and lerved a dillrict containing 8000 houfci, have 

 been lately dilufed ; the premiles having been purchafed by 

 the Eall London Water-works' company, by whom this 

 parilh and its neighbourhood are now fupplird with water. 

 In Sun Tavern fields is a mineral Ipring, c.dled the Shadwell 

 Spa, which long fullained a high charaiter for its mrdu 'nal 



qualitiei. 



