S H A 



S H A 



like manner as tlie " Telemache" of Fenelon and " Tod 

 Abels" of Gcfner. The moft celebrated are the " Vafava- 

 datta" of Suband'hu, the " Dafa Cumara" of Dandi, and 

 the " Cadambari" of Vana. 



For a further account of the Shanfcrit, fee Language of 

 Bengal, or Bengalese. 



Exclufive of the Shanfcrit, there are three different dia- 

 lefts in the kingdom of Bengal, tox. the Perfian, the Hin- 

 dooftanic, and the proper Bengalefe. See Persia and Per- 

 sian Language, Hindoostannee, and Bengalese. 



SHAN-SI, in Geography. See Chan-si. 



SHAONA, a town of Egypt, on the W. coaft of the 

 Red fea ; 90 miles S.S.E. of Cofleir. 



SHAOSUMRE, a town of Arabia, in the province of 

 Hedsjas ; 25 miles from Calaat el Moilah. 



SHAOUN, a town of Arabia, in the province of Heds- 

 jas ; 45 miles S. of Jambo. 



SHAPARY, a town of Hindooftan, in the circar of 

 Gangpour ; 30 miles S.W. of Pada. 



SHAPE, Itiflammaiian of, among neat cattle, an affeftion 

 in cows, arifing in hot weather ■ after taking the ball; and 

 which is fliewn by a fwelling of the parts with boils or 

 eruptions. It is obfervable by the animal rubbing her hind 

 parts in the hedges, &c. In the cure Mr. Downing ad- 

 vifes, after free bleeding, the following : Nitre in powder, 

 tw6 ounces ; cream of tartar, three ounces ; Callile foap, 

 one ounce ; and anifeed powder, one ounce ; which are to 

 be mixed for a dofe, and to be given in a quart of warm 

 whey, repeating them as there may be occafion. 



To Shape the Courfe, in Sea Language, is to direft 

 or appoint the track of a fliip, in order to profecute a 

 voyage. 



SHAPINSAY, in Geography, one of the Orkney iflands, 

 Scotland, is fituated to the N. of the Mainland of Orkney, 

 at the diftance of three miles from Kirkwall, the capital of 

 all the iflands. It meafures about feven miles in length and 

 five in breadth, and formerly conftituted part of the tem- 

 poralities of the bifhopric of Orkney. Almoft the whole 

 of it is capable of cultivation ; but a great part yet re- 

 mains in a neglefted Itate, to the detriment, as well as the 

 difgrace of the proprietors. Neverthelefs, fufficient grain 

 is raifed for the fupply of the inhabitants. Kelp is pro- 

 duced in great abundance, and is much ufed as a manure. 

 Lead ore is likewife abundant in the fouth-well corner of 

 this ifland, and was for fome time wrought, but the work is 

 now entirely abandoned. 



In common with moft of the Orkney iflands, Shapinfay 

 exhibits fome monuments of antiquity : among thefe may 

 be reckoned, befides feveral Popifh chapels, a numerous 

 coUeftion of Pifts-houfes ranged along the (hores, like fo 

 niMy forts, together with tumuli, or barrows, in various 

 fituations. A momiiAental ftone of large dimenfions raifes 

 its venerable head in a plain near its eaftern extremity ; and 

 on ehe northern fhore is the itone Odin. 



To the fouth of Shapinfay, at the diftance of a furlong, 

 is fituated the beautiful iflet of Elgar or EUerholm, which 

 bears evident traces of former habitation, and of having 

 been, at no very diltant period, attached to the principal ifland. 

 At prefent it furnifties pafture for a number of (heep and 

 young cattle during (ummcr, and ferves to give, by its 

 favourable pofition, the utmoft fecurity to the harbour of 

 Elwick, which is one of the iineil in the Orkneys. Barry's 

 Hiftory of the Orkney Iflands, 2d edit, by J. Headrick, 

 Lond. 4to. 1808. 



SHAPLEIGH, apoft-town of America, inMaffachu- 

 fetts, in the provinct of Maine, incorporated in 1785 ; 108 

 miles N. of Bofton. 



SHAPOOTA Hills, a mountainous ridge of Hindoo- 

 ftan, hetweai the Nerbuddah and Taptee ; 60 miles E. of 

 Surat. 



SHAPORA, a town of Hindooftan, in the circar of 

 Rantampour ; 45 miles W. of Rantampour. 



SHAPOUR, a city of Perfia, in the province of Farfif- 

 tan, is faid to have been originally founded by Taimuras 

 Devebund, who called it Deen Dar ; it was deftroyed by 

 Alexander the Great, and fubfequently built by Sapor, the 

 fon of Artaxerxes Babegan, who named it after himfelf. 

 The ruins of this ancient city are diftant about 16 miles 

 from Kazeroon : and if we may form an idea from the 

 breadth and circumference of the ramparts, and the remains 

 of fome other public buildings, it muft have bees a city of 

 great extent and magnificence. It. is fituated immediately 

 under the eaftern range of mountains, on the banks of a 

 fmall but rapid river, and in a wild, romantic fpot, amidfl: 

 rocks and precipices, many of which are decorated with 

 pieces of fculpture fimilar to thofe near Perfepolis, for 

 a defcription of which we refer to Kinneir's Memoir of the 

 Perfian Empire, p. 66. The hills in the immediate vici- 

 nity of thefe ruins appear to have been formerly fortified ; 

 and an extraordinary cavern, further up the river, has given 

 rife to many fabulous ftories. 



SHAPS, an idand in theChefapeak ; 27 miles S.S.E. of 

 Annapolis. N. lat. 38^46'. W. long. 76^ 25'. 



SHAR, or Shear-//o^, in Agriculture, a term fignifying 

 a yearling ftieep, which has been once ftiorn. The fame as 

 Iamb-hog. See Sheep. 



SHARAF Beni Gatei, in Geography, a town of 

 Arabia, in the province of Hedsjas ; 25 miles N. of 

 Madian. 



SHARBASHI, a town of Turkilh Armenia ; 18 miles 

 S.E. of Moufti. 



SHARBIN, a town of Egypt; 16 miles S.S.W. of 

 Damietta. 



SHARD, in floriculture, a term applied to a fragment 

 of an earthen veflel, or the gap in a hedge. 



SHARE of a Plough, that part which enters, cuts, and 

 breaks up the ground, the extremity forward being formed 

 with a ftiarp-pointed iron, called the point of the ftiare ; and 

 the end towards the wood behind, the tail of the ftiare. 

 This part conftitutes a portion of what is ufually denomi- 

 nated the throat, which is of very great importance in the 

 conttruftionof this implement. (See Plough.) The dimen- 

 fions are thefe: the length of the whole fliare from point to 

 tail, according to TuU, fliould be three feet nine inches, 

 but in modern ploughs much ftiorter ; at the top of the iron 

 it hath fometimes an upright piece called the fin ; and near 

 the iron, at the other end, there is an oblong-fquared hollow 

 called the focket ; the ufe of which is to receive the bottom 

 of the ftieat. Near the tail there is a thin plate of iron, 

 well rivetted to the wood ; by means of this plate, the tail 

 of the fliare is held firmly to tlie hinder flieat of the plough 

 by a fmall iron-pin, with a fcrew at the end, and a nut 

 fcrewed on it, on the inner or right fide of the iheat. But 

 fliares are made in different forms. 



The point of the fliare is that part in which it does not run 

 up to the fin ; this point is generally made three inches and 

 a half in length, and ftiould be flat underneath, and round 

 at the top, and the lower part of it muft be of hard fteel. 

 The edge of the fin fliould alfo be well ftecled, and iliould 

 make an acute angle with the fliare. The focket is a fort 

 of mortilc : it fliould be a foot long and about two inches 

 deep : the fore-end of it muft not be perpendicular, but 

 obhque, conformable to the end of the fheat which en- 

 ters into it. The upper edge of the fore-part muft be 



always 



