S H A 



Safin, which was omitted in its proper place, is a name 

 for t'lic Hindoo deity Budlia, or Boodh. The name figni- 

 fies vviidom, or a wife man; and ir, Hill applied to, or 

 aliumed by, individuals, efpecially Bramins, who are fup- 

 pofed to have acquired an extraordinary degree of learnmg 

 or wifdom. As all profitable wifdom is prefumed to be 

 comprifed in the Saftra, or facred books, the title of Saftri 

 is thence derived. It is fomctimes appended fimilarly to the 

 fcholar's name ; and he is at others called the Saftri, or 

 Saftri fahib,— Mr. Saftri. 



SHASUMAN, in Geography, a town of Periia, in the 

 province of Mazanderan ; 30 miles E of Efterabad. 



SHAT-EL-AMAAR, a name given by the Arabs to 



the Tigris. 



SHAT-EL-DEAAL, a river which runs from the north, 



and enters the Tigris near Bagdad. 



SHAT-EL-DEGELA, a river or canal, fo called by 

 the Arabs, which communicates with another named Shat-el- 

 Hie, which is a branch of th; Tigris. 



SHAT-EL-FRAATE, a name given by the Arabs to 

 the Euphrates. 



SHAT-KRATU, in Mythohi^y, one of the names 

 of the Hindoo Indra, regent of the firmament. It means 

 the hundred facrifices ; tiiat is, he to whom a hundred 

 facrifices are offered ; or rather, perhaps, he who has offered 

 them. Indra, it is fabled, obtained his prefent dignity by 

 the great facrifice of a hundred horles. An offering of a 

 horle is called Afwamedha, and is attended with infinite 

 trouble and expence, as laid down in the Hindoo rituals. 

 See Indra, Naramedha, andRHEMBA. 



SHATNUF, in Geography, a town of Egypt, on the 

 right bank of the Nile ; 9 miles N. of Cairo. 



SHATOOR, a town of Hindooftan, in Madura; 20 

 miles N.N.W. of Coilpetta. 



SHATORE, a town of Hindooftan, in Madura; 12 

 miles N.E. of Coilpetta. 



SHAT-UL-ARAB, one of the nobleft rivers in the 

 Eaft, formed by the combined ftreams of the Euphrates 

 and Tigris. The union of thefe ftreams takes place near 

 Korna. or Corny, which is one of the three Apameas, 

 built by Seleucus in honour of his firft wife, Apama. On 

 the weftern bank of this river, and 70 miles from its mouth, 

 in N. lat. 31° 30', is fituated the city of Buft'ora or Bafra ; 

 and the river is navigable as far as the city for ihips of 500 

 tons burthen. The city is fometimes fo completely deluged 

 by the river, that it appears like an ifland in the middle of a 

 lake. The combined ftream of the Shat-ul-Arab has gene- 

 rally been thought to enter the Pcrfian gulf by a variety of 

 mouths : but the faft is, that this noble river has, at this 

 time, only one mouth, and probably never had any other. 

 The ifland, or delta, between the Shat-ul-Arab and the 

 Bamifhern (the ancient Mefena) was formerly included in the 

 pachahc of Bagdad ; but having been conquered by Sheik 

 Solyman from the Turks, has remained in the pofreffion of 

 his fucceffors. This is a low and fertile tra£t : the northern 

 parts of which, towards the Hafur, are interfered by a 

 number of canals, and are in a tolerable ftate of cultivation. 

 Extenfive ruins are vifible in many places, and the borders of 

 the Shat-ul-Arab, as far down as Chubda, are covered with 

 date-trees. The river " Shat-el-Ajew," fignifying in Arabic 

 a river of Perfia, difcharges itfelf on the Perfian fide into 

 the Shat-ul-Arab, near Margill. 



SHATZAM, a town of Perfia, in the province of 

 Mekran ; 210 miles S.E. of Arokhage. 



SHAVAKAT, a town of Turkettan, on the Siir ; 20 

 miles S. of Talhkund. 



S H A 



SHAUBACO, a town of Egypt, on the left bank of 

 the Nile ; 16 miles S. of Cairo. 



SHAVE Grass, m Botany. See Eqlisetum. 

 SHAVING-Irons, among Gardeners, tools to keep a 

 garden free from weeds, otherwife called edging-irons. 



SHAVINGS, Yiov.^, \n Jgrkniture. See MANURE. 

 SHAUL, or Shawl, an article of female drefs, much 

 prized in the Eaft, and now well known in England. As 

 the (hauls all confie from Caflimere, or Cachemir, it was ge- 

 nerally concluded, that the m.aterials from which they were 

 fabricated was of the growth of that country. It was faid 

 to be the hair of a particular goat, and the fine under hair 

 from a camel's breaft ; but we now certainly know that it is 

 the produce of a Thibet (heep. Bernier relates, that in his 

 time, (hauls made for the great omrahs of the Thibetian 

 wool, coft a hundred and fifty rupees ; whereas thofe made 

 of the wool of the country never cott more than fifty. For 

 an account of their manufa£ture and value, fee Cashmere. 

 SHAVOYA, or Chavova, in Geography, a province 

 of the empire of Morocco, fituated to the S. of the king- 

 dom of Fez, and W. of Tedla ; inhabited by moun- 

 taineers addifted to robbery and violence. Towards the 

 latter end of the laft century refufing to pay tribute to the 

 emperor, Muley Iflimael, he marched an army, which, fur- ' 

 rounding their ftrong holds on the mountains, compelled 

 them to flight, leaving their wives and children, who were 

 put to the fword, and the plunder diftributed among the 

 foldiers. 



SHAUR, a fmall ifland in the Red fea. N. lat. 27° 20'. 

 E. long. 34- 58'. 



SHAUS. See Chaus. 



SHAVUNGUNK, a mountain of New York ; 20 miles 

 S. of Kins;fton. 



SHAW, Thomas, in Biography, was born at Kendal in 

 or about the year 1692. He was educated at the grammar- 

 fchool of that town, and in 17 11 was admitted of Queen's 

 college, Oxford. Soon after he had taken orders, he was " 

 appointed chaplain to the Englifli factory at Algiers, in 

 which ftation he remained feveral years, making ufe of the 

 opportunity which it afforded of travelling into various parts 

 of Barbary, and into Egypt. In 1727 he was clefted 

 fellow of his college, in 1733 lie commenced D.D., and in 

 the following year he was elefted a member of the Royal 

 Society in London. In 1738 he publiflied his " Travels, 

 or Obfervations on feveral Parts of Barbary and the Le- 

 vant," to which a fupplement was added in 1746 ; and about 

 ten years afterwards the whole appeared in a fecond edition, 

 with confiderable improvements. Few books of the kind 

 ftand higher in reputation than Dr. Shaw's Travels, which 



contain many learned diflertations refpecling the countries 

 which lie had vifited, with divers remarks on their manners 

 and cuftoms, and valuable obfervations in natural hiftory. 

 They have been regarded as particularly ufeful in illuftrating 

 the Icriptures by comparifons between the ancient and mo- 

 dern ilate of the eaftern regions. Dr. Shaw, on his return 

 from his travels, brought back a large colleftion of dried 

 plants. He prefented to the univerfity of Oxford fome re- 

 lics of antiquity which he had collefted, of three of which 

 engravings were made in the " Marmora Oxonienfis." In 

 the year 1740 he was chofen principal of St. Edmund's 

 Hall, and was at the fame time prefented to the vicarage of 

 Bramley in Hampihire. Soon after the regius profeflorfhip 

 was conferred upon him, which he held till his death, in 1751. 

 His Travels have been tranflated into vai-ious modern lan- 

 guages. An attack, was made on them by Dr. Pocock, 

 which led the author to defend them in his fupplement, and 

 in a letter of Dr. Clayton, bifliop of Clogher. 



Shaw, 



