SHE 



SHE 



muft rummon, and return the jury ; when it is determined, 

 he muft fee the judgment of the court carried into execu- 

 tion. In criminal matters, he alfo arrelts and imprifons ; he 

 returns the jury ; he has the cuitody of the dehnquent ; 

 and he executes the fentence of the court, though it extend 

 to death itfelf. 



As the king's bailiff, it is the {hcriff's bufmefs to preferve 

 the rights of the king withiu his baihwick ; for fo his county 

 is frequently called in the writs. He muft feize, to the 

 king's ufe, all lands devolved to the crown by attainder or 

 efcheat ; muft levy all fines and forfeitures ; muft feize and 

 keep all waifs, wrecks, eftrays, and the like, unlefs they be 

 granted to fome fubjeft ; and muft alfo coUeA the king's 

 rents within his baihwick, if commanded by procefs from 

 the exchequer. 



To execute thefe various offices, the flierifF has under him 

 many inferior officers, an under-fheriff, baihffs, and gaolers, 

 who muft neither buy, fell, nor fai'm their offices, on for- 

 feiture of 500/. 3 Geo. I. c. 15. 



The under-fherifF ufually performs all the duties of office, 

 few excepted, with regard to which the perfonal prefonce 

 of the high (herifF is neceffary. But no under-fherifF fhall 

 abide in his office above one year by 42 Edw. III. c. 9, and 

 if he does, by 23 Hen. VI. c. 8. he forfeits 200/. ; and no 

 under- ftierift', or (heriff 's officer, (hall praftife as an attorney 

 during the time he continues in fuch office, by i Hen. V. 

 c. 4. But thefe regulations are evaded, by practiling in the 

 names of other attornies, and putting in them deputies by way 

 of nominal undcr-lheriffs. 



The under-flierifl, before he enters upon his office, i- to 

 be fworn, by 27 Eliz. c. 12. And by 3 Geo. I. c. 15. 

 feft. 19. it is enafted, that all under-fherifls of any counties 

 in South Britain, except the counties in Wales, and the 

 county palatine of Chefter, fhall take an oath for the due 

 execution of their office. Blackft. Com. b. i. 



Sheuiff's Court. See County CouRT, and Mayor's 

 Courts. 



Sheriff's Tourn, or Turn. See Turn. 

 Sheriff, Appofal of. See Apposal. 

 Sheriffs, IJfuss on. See Issues. 

 Sheriff, in Comnurce. See Xeriff. 

 SHERIL, in Geography, a town of Afiatic Turkey, in 

 the province of Diarbekir, on the Euphrates ; 20 miks E. 

 of Anah. 



SHERILLA, a town of Africa, in Kaarta. N. lat. 

 14° 29'. W. long. 6^ 25'. 



SHERLING, or Shirlinc Lambs, in Rural Economy, 

 the praftice of cutting or fliearing the fhort woolly coats or 

 coverings of thefe young animals in the fummer feafon, 

 about the time at whicli the old (heep are clipped. Botli 

 the term and the cuftom are common in the northern diftridts, 

 though they are fcarcely known in the more fouthcrn paits 

 of the ifland. Probably the greateil part of the lambs 

 which are brought to Smithfield market, as well .->.s cf thofe 

 which are bought by the butchers of the metropolis, are 

 never Jherkd or freed from their coats, by which a very 

 great individual as well as national lofs is fuftained. Per- 

 haps the lambs are more faleablc when kept in their full 

 coats. The praftice is, however, worthy of being more 

 attended to in all fituations. 



The clipping or fhirling of the lambs in fome diftrifts 

 has, however, been confidered as injurious, by the opera- 

 tion's hurting the growth of them ; though no fuch effeft 

 has been difcovcred to take place in the South Down fheep 

 traft of the county of Snflex, or thofe of many otlier parts 

 of the north. The profit in the above diftrift is, however, 

 thought to be trifling, or fuch as only to repay the ex- 

 pences, and a little more ; but it has a tendency to improve 



the wool, and caufe it to throw out a more luxuriant (laple. 

 See Wool.. 



SHERLOCK, William, in Biography, an eminent di- 

 vine in the Englifh church, was born in London in 1641. 

 He was educated at Eton, and thence he went to Peter-Houfe, 

 Cambridge, where he applied himfelf with much afliduity to 

 his ftudies, obtained a good reputation, took orders, and 

 officiated as a curate till the year 1669, when he was pre- 

 fented to the redtory of St. George's, Botolph Lane, Lon- 

 don. He ftood high in charafter among the London clergy, 

 when he publifhed " A Dlfcourfe concerning tlie Knowledge 

 of Chrift, and our Communion with Him," being intended 

 as a confutation of the Antinomian doftrine, which brought 

 upon him' feveral antagonifts, againll whom he vindicated 

 himfelf with judgment and zeal. In 1680 he took the de- 

 gree of D.D. and in the following year he obtained a pre- 

 bend in the cathedral of St. Paul's. The difcovery of what 

 was called the Rye-houfe plot, having cdled forth the fpirit 

 of loyalty. Dr. Sherlock appeared as an afl'ertor of tiie doc- 

 trine of non-refiftance, in a work entitled " The Cafe of 

 Refiftance to the fupreme Powers ftated and refolved ac- 

 cording to the Doctrines of the Holy Scriptures." In this 

 piece he maintained that the authority of the fovereign was 

 in his per/on, and not in the laiu : — that he does not receive 

 his authority from the laws, but that the laws receive their 

 power from him ; — and that it does not become a man who 

 can reafon at all to talk of the authority of the laws in de- 

 rogation to the authority of the fovereign power. From 

 thefe llavifh prir.ciples he did not in the lealt fwerve, even 

 after the acceflion of James II. had ftill more endangered 

 the public liberties and religion of the country. His notion 

 of paffive obedience did not, however, prevent him from op- 

 poling Popery, for he was among the firfl who, in thofe 

 times, engaged in controverfy witii the Papifts, in which he 

 wrote a great number of trafts. 



After the revolution. Dr. Sherlock for fome time re- 

 mained firm in his high monarchical principles ; and refufing 

 to take tlie oaths to the new government, was fufpended 

 from all his preferments, among which was the mafterfhip 

 of the Temple. It was during this fufpeniion from hie 

 labours as a preacher, that he publillied the treatife on 

 " Death," to which he is chiefly indebted for celebrity as 

 an author. It was entitled " A Practical Dlfcourfe concern- 

 ing Death," and few works have been more popular among 

 all clafl'es. It went through thirty editions in a fhort fpace 

 of time, has been printed in all fizes and forms, and has 

 been applauded by the mofl able critics. 



Not long after the publication of this work. Dr. Sher- 

 lock's fcruples with refpeft to government gave way ; he 

 took the oaths, and was reinftated in all his preferments. 

 This ftep of courfe expofed him to the cenfure of the party 

 with whom he had long afted, and to vindicate himfelf he 

 publifhed a piece, entitled " The Cafe of the Allegiance due 

 to fovereign Powers ftated and refolved." In 1692 he pub- 

 lifhed his " Vindication of the Doftrine of tke Holy and 

 Ever-blefTed Trinity." In this he maintained that there 

 were three eternal minds, which expofed him to the charge of 

 tritheifm ; it did not, however, prevent his promotion to the 

 deanery of St. Paul's, on the recommendation of Dr. Tillot- 

 fon, who was raifed to the archbifhopric of Canterbury. 



This rife in the church exafperated ftill more thofe who 

 were already indifpofed againft him for his defcrtion of his 

 former principles, and Dr. South publiihed in 1693, " Ani- 

 madverfions upon Dr. Sherlock's Book, &c." An eager 

 controverfy followed, in which the univerfity of Oxford took 

 part, bv cenfuring in a public decree the hypothefis of Dr. 

 Shtrlock, as maintained by a preacher at tliat place. Thi^ 

 co; tell being canied on with great acrimony, the king, at 

 5 the 



