SHIP-BUILDING. 



ttern. In the (larboard quarter-piece is defigned the aft 

 part of the gallery, which is at the middle of the quarter- 

 piece in the fheer-plan ; therefore it will be proper to draw 

 the form of the middle of the quarter-piece, and the fore- 

 fide of the taffrail, upon the fheer-plan. Thus, take the 

 heights from the level hne at the upper fide of the wing- 

 tranfom in the plan of the ftern, to the lower part of the 

 quarter-piece, or upper fide of the upper counter-rail, and 

 likewife in as many places as may be found nccefiary, to get 

 the exaft form, and fet them up in the flieer-plan, drawing 

 level lines. Square up the fpots on the quarter-piece and 

 taffrail to the round-aft of the ftern on a level ; then take 

 what the round gives at each fpot fquared up, and fet it off 

 from the midfliip ftern-tiinber on their correfponding level 

 lines in the fheer-plan. This produces the ticked line that 

 was drawn in pencil in the (heer-plan, (hewing the middle 

 of the quarter-piece and fore-fide of the taffrail. Take the 

 fiding of the taffrail, and draw the aft-fide of the taffrail and 

 quarter-piece parallel to the middle line of the quarter-piece, 

 and fore-fide of the taffrail, and draw likewife the fore.fide of 

 the quarter-piece parallel to the middle. By the fame me- 

 thod, prove the thwartfhip view in the fheer-plan of the 

 lower fide of the taffrail, and infide of the quarter-piece. 



Take the height in the plan of the ftern of the upper 

 counter-rail at the outer part, and fet it up in the fheer-plan, 

 drawing a level hne. But to find how much the after-end 

 of the rail will be before the knuckle of the upper counter 

 at the fide-timber, the round-aft of the upper counter-rail 

 muit be laid down on a level, as in the half-breadth plan ; 

 transfer the outer end of the faid rail fquare from the middle 

 line in the plan of the ftern, on to the round-aft fquare from 

 the middle fine in the half-breadth plan ; then fquare it up to 

 the fheer-plan, on the level line laft drawn. Defign the lower 

 gallery rim, with the lights and munions, as in the half- 

 breadth plan, which is a continuation of the upper counter- 

 rail, and this will determine the length of the gallery in the 

 flieer-plan. Take the height in the plan of the ftern to the 

 foot-fpace rail, at the outfide of the quarter-piece, and tranf- 

 fer it to the aft-fide of the quarter-piece in the fheer-plan. 

 Take likewife the upper and lower part of the lights in the 

 plan of the ftern, at the birthing of the outfide of the gallery, 

 and fet them up in the fheer-plan, at the ticked line, for the 

 middle of the quarter-piece. Defign the lower finifhing as 

 in the plan of the flerii, and transfer tlie height and round- 

 forward of the lower counter-rail, as befure deicribcd, at its 

 outer end, and then draw all the rails and lights, as fet up 

 in the fheer-plan, from thence forward, agreeable to the fheer 

 of the fhip, to their boundary, or fore part of the quarter- 

 gallery. 



Lallly, the upper finifhing being defigned in the (hcor- 

 plan, transfer their heights, and complete the quarter-gallery, 

 as drawn in the ftarboard quarter-piece in the plan of the 

 ilern, Plate I. : the aft-fide of the rudder, counter-ports, and 

 helm-port tranfom, may alfo be drawn. 



To Dejign thi Plan of the Head. 



Continue for>vard the middle line of the half-breadth plan. 

 Upon it Iquare down the fore-fide and aft-fide of the figure 

 from the fhecr-p!an, and upon thofe lines fet off the half- 

 fiding of the figure. 



Then draw the main rail to its half-breadth appearance, 

 thus : fet off the fiding of the after-end of the main rail 

 from the outfide of the plank at the top-timber half-breadth, 

 to tlie fore-fide of the beak-head in the half-bicadth plan ; 

 and alfo the fiding of the fore-end from the outfide of the 

 figure, the fore-end being fquare down from the fore-part of 



Vol. XXXII. 



the hair-bracket in the (heer-plan ; obferviiig, h-vwever, ta 

 add to the fiding the thicknefs of the lining : then, by 

 drawing Itraight lines to thofe fpots, the lialf-breadth plan 

 of the main rail will be reprefentcd as in Plate 1. 



Square down from the ftieer-plan the head-timbers, where 

 they interfetl the under fide of the main-rail, to the 

 middle line of the half-breadth plan : likewife fquare down 

 the fore and after-fides of the knight-head, and draw the 

 half-breadth line at the upper fide of the beak-head-flat, and 

 the thicknefs of the outfide plank. 



Square up from the middle line in the half-breadth plan 

 the head-beam, fo as to let aft about two inches upon the 

 ilem ; and fquare up likewife the crofs-piece clofe to the 

 aft-fide of the foremoft head-timber, to which and the head- 

 beam the main rail is fecured by knees on the aft-fide. 



Draw the moulding fize of the upper cheek as you fee 

 the ticked line in the half- breadth plan, then the half diame- 

 ter of the bowfprit parallel to the middle line ; and alfo the 

 fore and aft carhng as much without the bowfprit as the 

 gammoning may lead down clear of the bowfprit, and out- 

 fide of the upper cheek. 



The feats of eafe, no lefs than two double ones, (hould 

 be placed the moft conveniently, as (hewn in the plan. The 

 remainmg fpace of the flat of the head may be compofed of 

 ledges : and, laftly, may be drawn the boomkins, which 

 fpread the fore-tack, thus ; fquare down from the centre of 

 the fore-maft from the (heer-plan to the middle line of the 

 half-breadth plan, and from that interfeftion draw a line 

 forward, to form an angle of thirty-fix degrees with the 

 faid middle line ; and upon it fet off half the length of the 

 fore-yard ; then draw in the boomkin parallel to the hne rc- 

 prefenting the fore-yard braced up (harp, and it will come 

 nearly over the middle head-timber on the main rail, it* 

 heel refting againft the knight-head ; the length may be 

 afcertained by a line drawn from the fore yard-arm at the 

 outer end. 



The round-houfes, or feats of eafe for the officers, are 

 clearer fhewn in the plans of the upper deck and forecaftle ; 

 which plans and draught of the inboard works will be de- 

 figned hereafter, the fheer-draught plate being completed. 



To Dejign the Difpofttion of the Frame. Plate II. 



The utility of a plan of this defcription requires but little 

 explanation ; as it is evident, upon infpeftion, that it exhi- 

 bits the difpofition and fhift of every timber, and confe- 

 quently affords the means of difpofing of every piece to the 

 grcatcll advantage, both with refpedl to the tlrength of the 

 fhip, and to the converfion of the timber ; and, moreover, 

 of preparing every piece for its proper fituation, before the 

 fhip comes on the flocks, with the greatefl facility. 



The frame timbers are formed into bends, as before 

 oblervcd, by the union of firfl futtocks, fecond or middle 

 futtocks, third and fourtli futtocks, with top-timbers, 

 which arc feverally fcarfed together and bolted. Some- 

 times the frames are fayed clofe together, or feparatcd, for 

 air ; tliofe that are feparated have dry pieces of oak fayed 

 between them in wake of the bolts ; thcfe fliould all be 

 fplit out before the planking is brought on, that a free paf- 

 fage may be given for the circulation of air. 



By tlie difpofition of the frames in their fcveral ftations, 

 they ftand refpeilively one on each fide of every gun-deck 

 port, by wiiich the fides of every middle and upper deck 

 port are likewife provided for. Thus, one fourth futtock 

 and one long top-timber will form the fide of every gun-deck 

 port in tvvo-dcckid (liips, and tlie fide of every upper deck 

 port in three-decked fliips. A lung top-timber and a 



4 A fourth 



