SHIP-BUILDING. 



Upon each plan fquare down the fides of the ports and 

 beams, and centres of the mafts and capftans, from the profile, 

 Plate IV. 



Thus far the plans of the decks are general; but as each 

 deck is very differently fitted, it is neceffary to hare a half- 

 plan of all atr lead, and what little difference there may be 

 on the oppofite fide, let the explanation fuffice. 



In the plan of ^un-deck, Plate V ., is fhewn not only the 

 upper fides of all the beams, and the method of tabiing 

 them together in two or more pieces, as then cuftomary, but 

 now douelled inilead of tabled ; thofe in mid/hips, being the 

 longeft, are made of three pieces ; and thofe where they ..re 

 ftiorter, as at the twenty-fixth beam, are in two pieces : 

 thofe in three pieces have the middle piece fcarfed to each 

 arm. The method of conncAing the fides with hanging and 

 lodTing-knees is likewife fhewn in this plan, with the iron 

 lodging-knee behind the rider, (engraved hanging by mif- 

 take,) as at the fifteenth and fixteenth beams. The beam- 

 arms at the main-hatchway and mad-rooms are reprefented 

 as tabled into their adjoining beams, the feventeenth and 

 eighteenth. The framing of the deck to receive the flat 

 having three tier of carlings, nearly all fore and aft, with a 

 fufficicnt number of ledges let into them parallel with the 

 fides of the beams, is alfo reprefented here. The framings in 

 the middle are the maft-partners ; thofe for the fore-mafls to 

 be formed by the ftandard againft the fore-fide of the fore 

 riding-bitts, the infide of which muft be kept half the dia- 

 meter of the mall, and five inches more for the wedging, and 

 to extend from the bitts to the ftep of the bowfprit: the crofs- 

 chocks, which frame the maft-hole athwartfhips, are to be 

 eight inches thick, and kept at the fame diltance on each fide 

 the centre of the maft, and rabbet into the partners : the maft- 

 hole is made eight fquare, but now circular, by corner-pieces 

 rabbetted to half their thicknefs mto the partners and crofs- 

 chocks : on the fore-fide of the fifth beam is a cap-fcuttle 

 about two feet fquare, and another abaft the fixth beam for 

 handing up cartridges, &c. from the magazine. The fore 

 riding-bitts are i foot 8 inches fquare, and placed four feet afun- 

 der, or two feet on each fide the middle line: the after riding- 

 bitts are of the fame fize, and placed 4 feet 6 inches afunder, 

 and the ftandard againll their fore-fides extends to the fore 

 riding-bitls : the crofs-pieces abaft the riding-bitts are i foot 

 6 inches fore and aft, and two inches lefs deep, and the face- 

 pieces on their aft-fides are of elm fix inches thick. The 

 framing of the fore-hatchway and ladder-way confifts of 

 coamings i foot 6 inches above the beam, that is, the lower 

 piece to be 9 inches deep and lo inches thick, and the upper 

 piece 9 inches deep and 7 inches thick, douelled together, 

 and fpread in the clear 4 feet 8 inches ; and the head-ledges 

 to be 7 inches thick, fcored and tailed into the coamings, 

 and to round-up above the latter, after the rate of 2\ inches 

 in fix feet of length. The cspftan-partners are here framed 

 as on the upper" deck ; but as this method of lowering the 

 fore-jeer capftan is difcontinued, let it be framed as the main- 

 jeer capllan. The main-maft partners are framed fimilar to 

 the fore partners, the carling being 1 foot 5 inches broad, 

 and I foot 6 inches deep. The chain-pumps are reprefented 

 on the plan as fitting the pump-cafes through the maft-part- 

 ners, and the back-cafes without ; the fprocket-wheel and 

 fpindle-work in brafs rhodings or gudgeons, let into the 

 top-fail-ftieet andjeer-bitt», and the winches alfo in the pump, 

 pillars. The main-hatchway is 6 feet 4 inches athwartfhips, 

 and fitted with coamings and head-ledges as the fore-hatch- 

 way. The after-hatchway is the fame as the fore-hatchway. 

 The ftep for the main-jeer capftan is i foot 10 inches broad, 

 and I foot 6 inches deep, to be fcored down between beams 

 21 and 22, and lap thereon 8 inches above the beam, with 



broad carlings on each fide to receive the bolts of the pall, 

 rim : in the middle of the ftep is an iron cap to receive the 

 fpindle. The hatch to the fpirit-room, and ladder-way to 

 the cock-pit, are framed as the fore-hatchway. The mizen 

 ftep to be I foot 8 inches broad, and i foot 4 inches deep, 

 and (cored down between beams 25, 26, and 27, two inches. 

 Th;; bread-room fcuttle, which is 2 feet 4 inches fquare, 

 is on the larboard-fide, and is framed with coamings and 

 head-ledges, with a cap or top as high above the deck as at 

 the hatchways : on the ftarboard-fide abaft is a fcuttle 

 about two feet fquare over lady's-hole, and another 14 inches 

 fquare over the fcuttle to the magazme. On the gun-deck, 

 in the middle of the three or four after-beams, is a ftandard, 

 fidsd 1 2 inches, the upper end to fay againft the tranfoms, 

 as high as the helm-port tranfom. 



A itrake without the coamings at the main-hatch is re- 

 prefented, the binding-ftrakes all fore and aft, which are 

 to ftrengthen the decks, as they are weakened by the hatch, 

 ways, therefore the butts fhould be fhifted clear of them: in 

 the inner itrake are driven the itopper-bolts. Forward is 

 fliewn the moulded fize of the deck-hook and caking, 

 alfo the plan of the hawfe-holes and manger, with the 

 ftantions. 



On the fame plate is drawn the plan of the orlop, with its 

 feveral conveniencies. On the fore-platform, which extends 

 from the fore-peek to the fore-hatchway, is the boatfwain's 

 cabin on the larboard-fide, with fuch another for the car- 

 penter direftly oppofite ; and before each is a ftore-room, to 

 hold their refpeftive ftores ; before the boatf.vain's ftore-room 

 is a fail-room : between the fore riding-bitts are two doors, 

 one leading to the light-room paffage on the larboard-fide, 

 and that on the ftarboard-fide to the magazine and gunner's 

 ftore-room. Clofe before the heel of the larboard fore- 

 moft riding-bitts is a cap-fcuttle, inclofed, to hand up filled 

 cartridges ; and on the oppofite fide a flat fcuttle to the 

 magazine, likewife inclofed : at the end of the light-room 

 paffage is a fcuttle to the fight-room: abaft the riding-bitts 

 are fcuttles to the boatfwain's, gunner's, and carpenter's 

 ftore-rooms under the orlop. The fore-hatchway is of the 

 fame fize, and immediately under that on the gun-deck, but 

 has only a flat framing round it, to take the hatches that 

 cover it. The beams of the orlop are rabbetted on each edge 

 to receive tiie flat, which is only oak boards li inch thick as 

 far as the after-platform. The midfhip fail-room now ex- 

 tends from the main-hatchway to the fore-hatchway, and is 

 framed round with pillars upon a carling ten inches deep ; and 

 as the capltan-room is not ufed, the gininer's cabin is made at 

 the fore-part. The main-hatchway is of the fame fize as 

 that over it, and is framed round as the fore-hatchway. The 

 well is not inclofed, as fhewn on the plan, but at prefent is 

 laid over with gratings. The after-hatchway is of the fame 

 fize as the hatch over it, and framed like the others. Be- 

 tween the beams 21 and 22 is a double hatch to the fpirit- 

 room, and one next abaft it to the coal-hole. On the fore- 

 fide of beam 23 is the bulk-head of t!ie cock-pit, and abaft 

 It inclofed are two fcuttles, one to the powder-room the 

 other to the light-room. 



On the larboard-fide abaft is the fteward's room, abaft which 

 is the bread-room ; and the interval between the fteward's 

 room and light-room bulk-head is the fteward's bed-place and 

 racks for flowing cheefe : next before the fteward's room is 

 the purfer's cabin, before that the flop-room, and next to 

 that a compartment for the marines' clothing. From the 

 fteward's room, to nearly forward on each fide, are the wings, 

 or an open fpace about 4 feet 6 inches from the fide, fufficient 

 to fwing a mall, if neceffary, to plug up ftiot-holes in the time 

 of aAion. From the fteward's room to the marines' clothing 



is 



