SHIP-BUILDING. 



be determined by the infide of tlie mould of the lower rim 

 keeping the fore end well, and allowing the additional length 

 required by the winding of the top-fide, &c. Then to 

 prove that the outer edge of the rim and ftool are out of 

 winding, fquare down the fides of the munions from the 

 under fide of the middle ftool in_/?^. 4, to the outfide of the 

 middle ftool in Jig. 5 ; and at the aft-fides of the munions, 

 take their half-breadths from the middle line, and fet them 

 off fquare from the middle line \nfg. 6, upon the under fide 

 of the middle llool. In the fame manner take ofl the half- 

 breadths of the munions on the rim, and fet them off on the 

 upper fide of the upper count er-rail. Then ttrike lines to 

 thofe fpots in fig. 6, and they will be parallel to the fide 

 ftern-timber and each other, confequently out of winding. 

 The upper gallery rim and ilools may be laid oft in the fame 

 manner, and the moulds alfo made ; obferving to rake the 

 munions of the upper lights agreeably to tliofe below, which 

 may be fet off^ as follows. Determine on the fore-part of 

 the upper gallery, and continue it upwards as the ticked 

 line H, in Jig. 4 ; then with a batten, fitted as fquare as pof- 

 fible from the fore-fide of the foremoft munion, mark on it 

 the fides of all the munions. Then fit the fame end of tlie 

 batten to the ticked line H, and move it diagonally, till the 

 aft-fide of the after-munion touches the fore-fide of the 

 quarter-piece, and mark ail the fides of the munion as on 

 the ticked line 41 ; then ftriking lines through thofe fpots 

 parallel to the rake of the lower munions, the lights and mu- 

 nions will be reprefented in the upper gallery. 



The upper and lower finiftiings may be formed at plcafure, 

 making them as light as poffible, to pleafe the eye, and con- 

 taining fufficient room in the upper finiftiing to hold a 

 ciltern. 



To Lay-off the Stern upon the Rake. 



The horizontal plan of the ftern being laid off, proeeed 

 to lay off the ilcrn upon the rake ; or, at leaft, the taffrail 

 and quarter-pieces. For, were moulds made to them as 

 already laid off, it is eafy to conceive that they would be 

 too Inv; and too narrow, when fixed upon the Ilcrn, to its 

 round-aft and rake ; which mull be the cafe upon the (liip. 

 In the plan of the ftern, Jig. 6, llrikc up lines in tlie middle 

 of each munion, one in the middle of the fide ftern-timber, 

 one up the infide of the quarter-piece, and one between, to 

 rake upwards to the centre of the ftern, at the middle line, 

 as marked 35, 36, 37, and 38, as on the right hand. 



Draw the horizontal line B B through Jigs. 7 and 8, 

 which will correfpond with the ticked lines 25, 25, at the 

 upper counter in fig. 6. Take the perpendicular heights of 

 all the timbers, from 35 to 3S, and at the infide of tlic quar- 

 ter-piece in^^f. 6, from the lines 25, 25, to the ticked curve 

 for the knuckles of the upper counter, and fet them up 

 from the line B B mjig. H, and draw parallel lines thereto, as 

 you fee ticked, and numbered 9, 10, &c. Take likewife 

 the perpendicular heights from the lines 25, 2^, Jig. ft, to the 

 interfcftions of all tlie timbers, with the under and upper 

 fides of the taffrail and quarter-piece ; and fc-t them up from 

 the line B B, in Jg. 8, where they are ticked and numbered 

 as before. 



Strike lines to the rake of the midfliip and fide counter- 

 timbers above the upper counter-rail, taken from^^. 4, and 

 transferred to fig. 8, as the ticked lines 32 and 33. Draw a 

 line fquare from the midftiip ftern-timber 33, in fig. 8, to in- 

 terlcft the knuckle at the upper counter at the fide-timber, as 

 the ticked line 30 ; then continue the midlhip-tiiriber 32 down 

 to the line 30 ; then take the diftance from the midfliip 

 to the fide-timber in the diredlion of the ticked line 30, 

 and fet it off from the line A A, in fig- 9, on the ticked 



lines C, C, and raife the arc B B, which fliews how much 

 the ftern rounds aft on a fquare, agreeable to the breadth of 

 the upper counter, which round-aft governs all the Uern 

 above, as before obferved. 



Where the timbers 35, 36, 37, 38, and infide of the 

 quarter-piece,_/'j'. 6, ftep on the ticked line 42, or knuckles 

 of the upper counter, fquare tht-m down to Jg. 9 ; then take 

 the round-aft of each timber from the line A A, Jig. 9, and 

 fet them off fquare from the midlhip-timber 32, fo as to in- 

 terfeft their correfponding k-vel lines in^^. 8. Then where 

 the above timbers in Jg. 6. interfedl the upper part of the 

 taffrail and quarter-piece, let them be fquared down as 

 before ; and transfer the round-afts to their correfponding 

 level fines injg. 8, fetting them off fquare from the midfliip- 

 timber, as before. Then from thefe fpots, down to the fpots 

 on the level lines of the knuckle of the upper counter, ftrike 

 the lines of the intermediate timbers, and mark them i, 2, 3, 

 &c. which fhews the thwartftiip view of the timbers, as 

 itationed in^^. 6. 



If the fide-timber 33, and midftiip-timber 32, were pro- 

 longed injg. 8. till they interfcft each other, that would be 

 the centre for the intermediate timbers, as difpofed in fig. 6, 

 and prove the work. 



It will be necefiary to have one fpot at the outfide of the 

 quarter-piece, as ^g, Jg. 6, and fquared down, as before, 

 to the round-aft, Jg. 9 ; then take its round-aft at i i,Jg. 9, 

 from the line A A, and fet it off fquare from the midlhip- 

 timber 52, in Jig. 8, on its correfponding level line 16, as 

 transferred iromjg. 6. 



Square down the heel of the quarter-piece where it inter- 

 fefls theknuckle-line,42,_/"_o-. 6, Ui fig. 9, to the round-aft BB. 

 Then pin a batten to the round-nft on a fquare B B, Jig. 9, 

 and keeping it faft at the middle line, mark fpots on the 

 batten, where the ticked lines 2, 4, 7, 10, 12, and outfide 

 of quarter-piece, are fquared down from the knuckle-ljne 42, 

 Jg. 6. Then fit the fame end of the batten well to the 

 middle line, Jg. 7, keeping it ftraight along the line B, and 

 thereon mark the feveral fpots on the right hand, and like- 

 wife on the left. Then, if the floor will admit of it, conti- 

 nue upwards the fpots in the middle of the fide counter- 

 timber, as at 13, i^yjg. 7, till they intcrfett the middle 

 line, and from thence, as a centre, may all the other fpots 

 be continued upwards, as in the plate. But if this cannot 

 be performed, the heights of the timbers 35, 36, &c. mult be 

 taken up their perpendicular lines, from the line 25, 2^, fig. 6, 

 to where they interfeft the upper fide of the taftrail and quar- 

 ter-pieces, and fet up from its correfponding line 25 the 

 middle line in Jg. 7, ftriking horizontal lines ; then pin a 

 batten, as above, to the round-aft B B, fig. 9, and mark 

 fpots thereon at the middle line, and perpendicular lines 

 I, 2, 3, 5, &c. fquared down from their heads ; and fet 

 them off upon their correfponding heights lall let oft in 

 Jg. 7 ; then lines ilruck through thofe fpots to the fpots 

 befiiie fet off on the line 25, or B B, the timbers will have 

 their regular tumble-home, as from the centre in the plate. 

 Then take the diftance fquare from the line 30 in Jig. 8, up 

 each feparatc timber, to the fpots on the level lines for the 

 upper part of the taffrail and quarter-pieces ; and fet them 

 up fquare from the line B B, Jg. 7, to interfeft their re- 

 fpeftive timbers, and in like manner the fpot at the outfide 

 of the quarter-piece ; then a batten pinned to thofe fpots 

 will reprefent the boundary of the ftern or taffrail T, and 

 quaiter-picci-s Q, O, on tlie r .ike, fig. 7. Then take the 

 heights fcjuare from the line ^o, Jg. 8, up the feparate tim- 

 bers, to the heights for the lower part of the taliVsil and m- 

 fide of the quarter-pieces, and fet them up, as before, on 

 their correfponding timbers in /^. 7; then by pinning a 



batten 



