S H O 



The Jirjl part is only s continuation of the continent, 

 and fuffers no alteration from the neighbourhood of the 

 fea, except that it is rendered fit for the growth of fome 

 planU, and wholly unfit for that of others, by the faline 

 iteams and impregnations ; and it is fcarcely to be conceived 

 by any but thofe who have obferved it, how far inland 

 the efFefts of the fea reach, fo as to make the earth proper 

 for plants, which will not grow without this influence, 

 there being feveral plants frequently found on high hills 

 and dry places, at three, four, and more miles from the fea, 

 which yet would not grow, unlefs in the neighbourhood of 

 it, nor will ever be found elfewhere. 



The fecond part or portion of the fliores is much more 

 affefted by the fea than the former, being frequently wafhed 

 and beaten by it. Its produftions are rendered fait by the 

 water, and it is covered with fand, or with the fragments of 

 fhells in form of fand, and in fome places with a tartareous 

 matter depofited from the water, and the colour of this 

 whole extent of ground is ufually duflvy and dull, efpecially 

 where there are rocks and Itones, and thefe are covered with 

 a flimy matter. 



The third part of the fliores is more affefted by the fea 

 than either of the others, and is covered with an uniform 

 crutt of the true nature of the bottom of the fea, except 

 that plants and animals have their refidence in it, and the 

 decayed parts of thefe alter it a little. 



Shore of Muchul, in Geography, a cape of Scotland, on 

 the E. coalt of the county of Kincardine, fo called from 

 a village near the coaft ; 3 miles N. of Stonehaven. 



SHORED ITCH, St. Leonard, a parifli in the hun- 

 dred of Ofl'ulllon, and county of Middlefex, England, is 

 fituated in the northern fuburbs of London, and forms 

 one of the twenty-three out-pariihes of Middlefex and 

 Surrey, which are mentioned in the bills of mortality. 

 This parilh is of great extent, and is divided into four 

 liberties, called the liberties of Churchend, Hoxton, Holy- 

 well, and Moorfields. The church, a modern edifice, was 

 opened for divine fervice in Augull, 1740, having been 

 erefted in place of a very old church, which Ellis, author 

 of the " Hillory and Antiquities of Shoreditch," Hates 

 to have been of Saxon origin. The afcent to the church 

 IE by a double flight of ilcps leading under a portico, fup- 

 ported by four Doric columns. The body is plain in its 

 architefture, but is well lighted by fpacious windows. The 

 fteeple, which rifes to a very confiderable height, has rather 

 a handfome appearance. In the old church were a variety 

 of monuments and brafles in memory of perfoiis of dillin- 

 guifhed rank ; among whom were the countefs of Weft. 

 morland (daughter to Edward, duke of Buckingham), 

 who dieJi in 1553; Eleanor, countefs of Rutland, who 

 died in 155 1 ; and two fons of the faid countefs of Rut- 

 land J but none of thofe in the new church poflefs any in- 

 tereft. This parifh abounds with alms-houfes, eftabliftied 

 either by pubhc city companies or by private individuals. 

 In Holywell was anciently a priory for nuns of the 

 Bsnediftine order, which was founded early in the twelfth 

 century, and poflefTed a revenue of 293/. per annum at the 

 time of the dilfolution. According to the parliamentary 

 returns of 1811, this parifti contained 7658 houfes and 

 43,930 inhabitants. The Hiftory and Antiquities of the 

 Parifh of St. Leonard Shoreditch, by Henry Ellis, quarto, 

 1797. 



SHOREHAM, New, a borough and market-town in 

 the half hundred of Filhergate, rape of Bramber, and 

 county of Suflex, England, is fituated upon the coaft of 

 the Englifti Channel, at the dillance of about 6 miles W. 



S H O 



from Brighthelmftone, and 55 miles S. by W. from London. 

 This town is indebted for Us origin to the decay of Old 

 Shoreham, which is now a very trifling village, but ap- 

 pears to have been a place of confiderable importance in 

 ancient times. New Shoreham is a borough by prefcrip- 

 tion, and has fent members to parliament fince the year 

 129J, the 23d year of the reign of Edward I. In 1771 it 

 became confpicuous in the annals of electioneering, by the 

 developement of a remarkable fcene of corruption praftiied 

 in the elcdfion of members for the parliament then ailembled. 

 The returning officer having returned a candidate with only 

 37 votes, in prejudice to another who had 87, of which he had 

 rejected 76, without afligning any fatisfaclory reafon for fo 

 doing, was called upon to account for hi? conduct at the bar 

 of the houfe of commons; whenhedefendedhimfelf, by Hating 

 that thofe whom he had queried formed part of a fociety, 

 called the Clinltian club, the oftenfible objeft of which was 

 only a mafli to cover its real one, the fetting the borough 

 to fale to the highelt bidder. In conlequence of thefe afler- 

 tions, the houfe rcfolved ilfelf into a committee to inquire 

 into the truth ; and beui^; fully fatisfied on that head, after 

 a patient inveftigation, it was refolved to incapacitate the 

 members of the club from voting at eleftions in future. 

 An aft was accordingly pafled foon afterwards, by which 

 69 perions were disfranchifed, and the right of voting was 

 declared to belong to every freeholder, above 21 years of 

 age, " who fliall have, within the rape of Bramber, a free- 

 hold of the clear yearly value of forty fhillings ; and in fuch 

 perfons as by the ufage of the borough have, or fhall here- 

 after have, a right to vote at fuch eledlions." By this ex- 

 tenfion of the eleftive franchife, the number of voters hag 

 increafed from about 200 to 1200 perfons. 



The church of New Shoreham is a curious and interefting 

 fpecimen of ancient Norman architefture. At prefent only 

 the eaft end is fitced up and appropriated to divine fervice, 

 as the nave, or part weft ward of the tower, has been entirely 

 deilroyed. It confifted of a nave, tranfept, tower, and 

 choir ; and by its ftyle of architefture, appears to have 

 been built near the end of the twelfth century. See a 

 beautiful engraving of it in Cooke's " Southern Coall of 

 England." 



New Shoreham is governed by two conftables, annually 

 eleSed, who are the returning officers. The market-day is 

 Saturday, weekly ; and there is a fair on the 25th of July. 

 It was formerly a town of more relative note than at pre- 

 fent, and had a priory of Carmehte or White Friars, 

 founded by fir John Mowbray, knt. ; as alfo an hofpital 

 dedicated to St. James. It is chiefly remarkable, however, 

 for being built upon the fpot where Ella, the Saxon, landed, 

 with fupplies from Germany in aid of his countrymen. Hen- 

 gift and Horfa. According to the parliamentary returns 

 of 18,11, the parifii contains 168 houfes, and 770 inha- 

 bitants. Hiftory of the Boroughs of Great Britain, and 

 the Cinque Ports, 3 vols. 8vo. 1792. Beauties of Eng- 

 land and Wales, vol. xiv. by F. Shoberl, 181 3. 



Shoreham, a townfhip of America, in the ftate of 

 Vermont, and county of Addifon, on the E. fide of lake 

 Champlain ; containing 2033 inhabitants. 



SHOREHAVEN, a fea-port on the fouth coaft of 

 the ifland of Stromloe, with a good harbour, called Tros. 

 N. lat. 61° 40'. E. long. 11° 7'. 



SHORL, in Mineralogy. See ScHORl.. 



SHORLING and MoRLiNG, in our Old Writers, wwds 

 ufed to diftinguifh fells uf fheep ;Jhorllng being the fells 

 after the fleeces are fhorn off the fheep's back ; and marling 

 the fells flead off after they die or are killed. In fome 

 parts of England they uuderftand by ijiarling, a fheep 



whofe 



