S H R 



gious houfes here were, a convent of Auguftine friars, 

 founded about the year 1256; a fecond of Francifcan or 

 Grey friars, the dats of which is unknown ; and a third of 

 Dominicans, founded by lady Geneville in the reign of 

 Henry III. The queen of Edward IV. twice lay in at this 

 monallery. Befides thefe, there were chapels dedicated re- 

 fpeclively to St. Michael, St. Nicholas, St. Catherine, St. 

 Blaife, and St. Mary Magdalen. 



Shrewfbury contains feveral ancient private ftruftures, 

 which would claim notice, did the limits of our article 

 permit of a cOmmenfurate extenfion. One of them, ftill 

 called the Council-Houfe, was formerly the refidence of 

 the court of the marches of Wales, on their annual vifits 

 to this town. For fome account of this court, fee Ludlow. 



The eminent natives of Shrewfbury, befides Dr. Thomas 

 and Dr. Taylor, before-mentioned, were Thomas Church- 

 yard, a poet of fome note, admiral Benbow, and the 

 Rev. Hugh Farmer, author of feveral learned and critical 

 works. 



The objedts in the vicinity of Shrewfbury, mod worthy 

 of notice, are the Shelton oak, which is remarkable from a 

 tradition, that Owen Glyndwr afcended it to reconnoitre, 

 previous to the battle of Shrewfbury, and for its great fize ; 

 Battlefield, where the battle was fought ; and Haughmond 

 Abbey, whick ftands about four miles to the eaflward of 

 Shrewfbury. It is fituatcd on a rifing ground, which com- 

 mands beautiful and extcnfive views, and owed its found- 

 ation and endowment to WiUiam Fitz-Alan, in the year 

 1 100. The inhabitants were canons regular of St. Au- 

 guftine, who enjoyed at the diflblution a yearly revenue, 

 Hated by Diigdalc at 259/. ijj. "jd. and by Speed at 294/. 

 lis. gJ. of the abbey-church, fcarcely a veftige remains, 

 but confiderable portions of the other buildings are yet 

 ftanding. Phillips' Hiftory and Antiquities of Shrewf- 

 bury, 4to. Some Account of the ancient and prefeiit 

 State of Shrewfbury, i2mo. 1808, an interefting and judi- 

 cious topographical work. Beauties of England and Wales, 

 vol. xiii. by J. Nightingale and R. Rylance. 



Shkewsbuhy, a town of America, in the ftatc of New 

 Jerfey, and county of Monmouth, on the Sea board, having 

 Middletown on the N., Freehold W., and Dover S.W. 

 It is divided from Middletown by North river, which is na- 

 vigable for a few miles. The compaft part of the town is 

 pleafant, and contains an Epifcopal and Prefbyterian 

 church, and a meeting-houfe for Friends. The number 

 of inhabitants is 3773. This place is frequented in fum- 

 mer by genteel company from Philadelphia and New 

 York, for health and pleafure ; 79 miles E.N.E. of Philadel- 

 phia — Alfo, a townfliip of America, in Rutland county, 

 Vermont, between Clarendon on the W. and Saltafh on the 

 E., containing 990 inhabitants. — Alfo, a townfhip of York 

 county, Pennfylvania, containing 1792 inhabitants. — Alfo, 

 a townlhip in Worcefler county, Maffachufetts, incorpo- 

 rated in 1727, and containing 1210 inhabitants ; 6 miles E. 

 of Worcefter. — Alfo, a town of Pennfylvania, in Coderus 

 creek ; 10 miles S. of York. 



Shrewsbury, a river of New Jerfey, which runs into 

 the Atlantic, N. lat. 40' 22'. W. long. 74° 2'. 



SHRIKE, in Ornithology, an Englifh name for feveral 

 fpccies of the Lnnias ; which fee. 



SHRILLA, in Geography, a town of Africa, in Luda- 

 mar ; 38 miles E.S.E. of Benown. 



SHRIMP, m Natural Hijtory, is the Cancer Crangon 

 of LinntEus ; which fee. 



This fheil-fifh inhabits the fandy fhores of Britain in vaft 

 quantities, and is reckoned the mofl delicious of the genus, 

 borne writers have clafTed it under the genus of Squilla. 



S H R 



The white (hrimp, or cancer fquilla, is the prawn. (See 

 Cancer Squilla. ) It inhabits the coaft of Kent. 



By 30 Geo. II. c. 21. white fhrimps in the river Thames 

 and Mcdway are only to be taken from Bartholomew day to 

 Good Friday ; and red fhrimps in the river Medway only 

 from April 25 to July I. 



SHRINE, formed from fcrinium, a dejh, or cabinet, a 

 cafe to hold the relics of fome faint. 



SHRITE, ia Ornithology. SeeMlssKL-B!rJ. 



SHROFF, a fort of banker or money-broker in the 

 Eafl Indies. See Rupee. 



SHRONDO, in Geography, a town of Africa, in the 

 kingdom of Dentila, in which are confiderable gold 

 mines. 



SHROPSHIRE, one of the midland counties of Eng- 

 land, is fituated between 52 and 53 degrees N. latitude, and 

 2 and 3 degrees W. longitude, from London. It is bounded 

 on the S. by the counties of Worcefter and Hereford ; on 

 the E. by Staffordfkire ; on the N. by Chefhire, a detached 

 part of Flintfhire, and by Denbighfhire ; and on the W. by 

 the fame county, and thofe of Radnor and Montgomery. 

 According to archdeacon Plymlcy's " General View of 

 the Agriculture of Shropfhire," it extends about 44 mites in 

 length, 28 in breadth, and 1 34 in circumference, comprif- 

 ing an area of 890,000 acres, or about a 45th part of 

 England and Wales united. In fhape it approaches to that 

 of an oval, and is feparatcd into two almoft equal divifions 

 by the river Severn. The parliamentary returns of 1811, 

 Hate the number of houies it contains at 36,853, and its po- 

 pulation at 194,298 perfons, of whom 95,842 were males, 

 and 98,456 females. 



Hiflorical Events. — When the Romans invaded this ifland 

 in the reijrn of the emperor Claudian, this county was in- 

 habited by two Britifh tribes, called the Ordovices and Cor- 

 navii, whofe refpeftive territories were bounded by the Se- 

 vern. The Ordovices, who appear to have been a moll 

 warlike and enterprifing people, joined with the Silures, 

 under the renowned Caraftacus, to defend their country. 

 Among the hills of Shropfhire, that great chieftain for a 

 time fuccefsfuUy itrove againft the overwhelming tide of 

 Roman conqueft ; and here, feveral antiquaries contend, was 

 fought the unfortunate conflict which terminated his mili- 

 tary career, and led to his captivity. After that event, 

 Shropfhire formed part of the province called Flavia Cxfa- 

 rienfis, and feenis to have been held in undifturbed tranquil- 

 lity fo long as the Romans remained in Britain ; but when 

 they withdrew their forces to the continent, it again became 

 the theatre of war between the Britons and the Saxons. 

 For fome centuries it conftituted part of the kingdom of 

 Powifland, of which Pengwerne, now Shrewfbury, was the 

 capital (fee Shrewsbury); but in the reign of the great 

 OfFa it fell under the dominion of the Saxons, when the 

 Britifh princes retired to Mathrafael, in Montgomeryfhirc. 

 To fecure his conquefts, Offa formed an immenfe rampart 

 of earth, extending about 100 miles in length along the 

 confines of Wales ; but the utility of this work, for the 

 purpofes of defence, feems to have been very inconfiderable, 

 as we find the Welfh conftantly making inroads into the 

 Mercian territories. 



In the ninth century, when the Danes invaded this ifland, 

 Shropfhire fhared in the calamities which their ferocity 

 brought upon the kingdom, but in a much lefs degree than 

 moft other counties. During the reign of Edward the Con- 

 feffor, Gruffydd, prince of North Wales, became the terror 

 of the Englifh by his incurfions into this county. Harold 

 undertook an expedition againft him, in which he was fo 

 fuccefsful, that the Wclfh were glad to purchafe peace by 



the 



