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Shutting- f//, in Rural Economy, a term applied to 

 woods and plantations, which fignities the inclofing and 

 fecuring them from the injuries which are done to them 

 by neat cattle and other forts of live-ftock getting into them, 

 and the keeping of them fecure and fafe for a certain period 

 of time before they are cut over and converted to ufe in 

 their different intentions. See Wood. 



It alfo implies the removing of live-ftock from the 

 paftures and other grafs lands, for the purpofe of clofing 

 them in the view of having the former of a more full, fuit- 

 able, and better growth or bite, as it is called, and the 

 latter more produftive of grafs for hay. See Meadow, 

 and Pasture. 



SHUTTLE, in the ManufaSures, an inftrument ufed by 

 the weavers, which, with a thread it contains, either of 

 woollen, filk, flax, or other matter, ferves to form the woofs 

 of ilufFs, cloths, linen, ribbands, &c. by throwing the (buttle 

 alternately from left to right, and from right to left, acrofs 

 between the threads of the warp, which are llretched out 

 lengthways on the loom. 



In the middle of the fliuttle is a kind of cavity, called 

 the eye or chamber of the (huttle ; in which is inclofed the 

 fpoul, which is a part of the thread deftined for the woof ; 

 and this is wound on a little tube of paper, rufh, or other 

 matter. 



The ribband-weaver's fliuttle is very different from that 

 of moft other weavers, though it ferves for the fame pur- 

 pofe : it is of box, fix or feven inches long, one broad, and 

 as much deep ; fliod with iron at both ends, which terminate 

 in points, and are a little crooked, the one towards the right, 

 and the other towards the left, reprefenting the figure of an 

 w horizontally placed. 



Shuttle, m Inland Navigation, a term expreflinga fmall 

 fluice, paddle, &c. 



SHUTTLE WORTH, Obadiah, in Biography, or- 

 ganift of St. Michael's church, Cornhill, was eledted, on the 

 refignation of Harte, for St. Dione's Back-church, who was 

 fucceeded by Burney in 1749. Shuttleworth, fgon after his 

 eleftion at St. Michael's, was appointed one of the organifts 

 of the Temple church. He was the fon of Shuttleworth of 

 Spitalfields, the father of a remarkable mufical family, and 

 had acquired a fmall fortune by teaching the harpfichord, 

 and tranfcribing the compofitioiis of Corelli, before they 

 were printed in England. He had three fons and a daughter, 

 all good muficiaiis ; and had frequent concerts at his houfe for 

 the amufernent of his friends, in which the fons played the 

 violin and tenor, the daughter the harpfichord, and the old 

 gentleman the viol da gamba. His fon Obadiah, particularly, 

 was fo admired a performer on the vioHn, as to be ranked 

 among the firll mafters of his time. He led the band at the 

 Swan concert, from itsfirft inftitution to the time of his death, 

 about the year 1735, when he was fucceeded by Fefting. 

 His brothers were excellent performers on the violin, and 

 employed in all the city concerts. But Obadiah is almoft a 

 fingle inilance of the fame mufician being equally admired 

 for his performance on two different inflruments. He was 

 fuch a favourite player on the Temple organ, that great 

 crowds went thither to hear him of a Sunday evening, when, 

 after fervice, he frequently played near an hour, giving a 

 movement to each of the folo flops previous to his final fugue 

 on the full organ. 



SHWAN-PAN, the name of aChinefe inftrument, com- 

 pofed of a number of wires, with beads upon them, which 

 tfiey move backwards and forwards, and which ferves to alTill 

 them in their computations. See Abacu.s. 



SHWAYEDONG, in Geography, ^iimiW but neat town 

 of the Birman empire, oa the Irawaddy, containing about 



300 houfes, ranged in a regular ftreet ; eacli dwellmg 

 having a fmall garden, fenced with a bamboo railing. Its 

 two monafteries and a few fmall temples did not engage the 

 particular notice of Col. Symes and his companions ; but 

 the tall and wide-fpreading trees that overfliadowed them 

 were objefts of pleafing contemplation. Symes's Embaffy 

 to Ava, vol. ii. p. 254. 



SHY, in Agriculture, a provincial term, fignifying high- 

 mettled or head-ftrong, in the manner of wild colts, &c. 



SHYAMULA, in Mythology, a name of Parvati, the 

 confort of the Hindoo deity Siva. It means with a blue 

 body ; and is, with many other names of fimilar derivation, 

 given to that goddefs, and to Viflmu, Krifhna, and Rama, 

 who are defcribed and reprefented of " hyacinthine hue." 

 Among thefe names are Syama, Shyamala, &c. 



SI, in Geography, a town of China, of the third rank, in 

 Ho-nan ; 50 miles N.W. of Kouang. 



Si, or Sia, a town of China, of the fecond rank, in 

 Chan-fi. N.lat. 36=40' E. long. 1 10° 31'. 



Si, in Mufic, a name in finging, given by the French to 

 the (harp 7th of the key of C, to preclude the embarrafl'ment 

 of the mutations in folmifation. ( See Hexachord, and Mu- 

 tations. ) A fimilar expedient had been often attempted 

 by various authors ; but none had been fo generally adopted 

 as this, which however was long folely confined to France ; 

 nor is it yet general all over Europe. And wc think that 

 the manner in which the French fyllabizc not only vocal 

 but inftrumental mufic, is f ubjeit to very material objcftions ; 

 it only provides for one key. If the new fyllablc_y7 had been 

 ufed for the (harp 7th of every key, as well as that of ut or C 

 natural, and la for every key-note or tonique in minor keys, 

 it would have exempted the principianti in finging from 

 much perplexity. There is no certain name for any note, 

 except m the key of C, ut, re, mi,fa,fol,la,ft, ut ; and whe- 

 ther B is flat, natural, or (harp, it is equally denominated/?; 

 as C, whether natural, flat, or (harp, is always called ut. 

 When D is the key-note, it is named re ; when it is the 3d 

 of the key of Bb, or 4th of A, it ftill retains the name 

 oi re. 



Malcolm, in the year 1721, was the firfl who openly cen- 

 fured thehexachord>, which Dr. Pcpufch, in 1731, defended 

 with fome warmth, by giving the bell and cleared explana- 

 tion of their ufe and importance, not only in finging but 

 compofition, in regulating tlie anfwers to fugues. Fouchs, 

 Padre Martini, Sala, and the mod rcfpcftable Italian and 

 German theorills, ftill adiiere to the folmifation which has 

 produced fo many great compofers and fingers during the 

 two lalt centuries. Wc have given our opinion fully on the 

 fubjeft in the article Serra, a Roman maftcr, who propofed 

 a new method of naming the intervals in cultivating the 

 voice. See Serra. 



The original introduftion of this fyllable is attributed by 

 Merfennus and other writers to one Le Maire, a French 

 mufician, who laboured for thirty years to bring it into 

 pradice ; but he was no fooncr dead than all the muficians 

 of his country made ufe of it. However, it has been the 

 more general opinion, tliat the fyllableyf was introduced into 

 the fcale by Ericius Puteanus of Dort, who lived about the 

 year 1580. M. Bourdelot afcribes the introduftion of this 

 fyllable into the fcale to a Cordelier, about the year 1675 » 

 and he adds, on the tellimony of the abbe de la Louctte, 

 that it was invented, or a fecond time brought into praftice, 

 by one Metru, a famous finging-maller at Pans, about the 

 year 1676; and Bonet inclines to tliink, that the lionour of 

 the invention might be due to tlie Cordelier, but that the merit 

 of reviving it is to be alcribed to Mctru. Bourdelot infi- 

 nuates, that though the ufe of the fyllabe /i is much ap- 

 4 L 2 proved 



