S I c 



S I D 



Jelicate form, and better ornamented than ordinary, and 

 chiefly worn by the ladies and the gallants. 



SICYOS, in Botany, a name borrowed from the ancient 

 Greeks, v.hofe s-ikw,- is fuppofed to be our common cucum- 

 ber, or very near it. The genus before us belonus to the fame 

 tribe. — Linn. Gen. 509. Schrcb. 664. Willd. Sp. PL 

 V. 4. 625. Mart. Mill. Dift. v. 4. Ait. Hcrt. Kew. v. 5. 

 349. Purlh V. 2. 444. Jufl'. 394. Lamarck Illullr. t. 796. 

 Gaertn. t. 88. (Sicyoides ; Tourn. t. 28.) — Clafs and order, 

 Monoecia Polyadelph'ia. (LinuKUS and his followers refer it 

 to Monoec'm Syngcnejla, and Willdenow to M. Monadelphia ; 

 fee MoMORDiCA.) Nat. Ord. Cucurbilaces, Linn. Julf. 



Gen. Ch. Male, Cal. Perianth of one leaf, bcll-fliaped, 

 with five fmall awl-ihaped teeth. Cor. bell-(hapcd, in five 

 deep ovate fegments, united to the calyx. Slam. Filaments 

 three, awl-fhaped, fhort, conncdted at thebafe; anthers two 

 on each of two filaments, one on the third, [Jujf.) 



Female on the lame plant. Cal. Perianth as in the male, 

 fuperior, deciduous. Cor. as in the male. Pi/l. Germen 

 inferior, ovate ; ityle cylindrical ; iligma tumid, three-cleft. 

 Perk. Berry ovate, belet with fpines, of one cell. Seed 

 folitary, nearly ovate. 



Efl. Ch. Male, Calyx with five teeth. Corolla in five 

 deep fegments. Filaments three. 



Female, Calyx fuperior, with five teeth. Corolla in five 

 deep fegments. Style three-cleft. Berry with one feed. 



1. S. angulata. Angular Single-feeded Cucumber; or 

 Chocho Vine. Linn. Sp. PI. 1439. Willd. n. I. Ait. 

 n. I. Purfli n. i. (Bryonioides llore et fruftu minore ; 

 Dill. Elth. 58. t. 51. f. 59. Cucumis bryonoidcs bifnagarica, 

 fruftu parvo, florum calvce rauricato ; Pluk. Phyt. t. 26. 

 f. 4. C. canadenfis monofpermos, fruftu echinato ; Herm. 

 Parad. t. 133 ; ibid. p. 108, Bryonioides canadenfis, &c.) — 

 Leaves five-angled, minutely toothed, rough ; heart-fliapcd, 

 with an obtufe finus, at the bafe. — On the banks of rivers, 

 from Canada to Carolina, flowering in .Tune and July. Purjli. 

 The root is annual. Stiin branched, hairy, weak, climbing 

 by means of long, fpiral, divided tendrils. Leaves alternate, 

 on long ftalks, pointed, more or lefs toothed, minutely 

 rough, three or four inches broad. Floiucrs whitidi, marked 

 with green lines, axillary ; the male ones racemofe, on a 

 long Italk ; female on a much fliorter llalk, and capitate. 

 Fruit ovate, pale, fpinous, half an inch long, about eight 

 or ten together in a round head. .S'ff^/ large, ovate, fmooth. 



2. S. parvtjlora. Small-flowered Single-feeded Cucum- 

 ber. Wilid. n. 2. — " Leaves five-angled, minutely toothed, 

 fmooth ; heart-fliapcd, with a roundifli finus, at the bafe." 

 — Native of Mexico. Communicated to profeflbr Willde- 

 now, by the celebrated baron Humboldt, from whole feeds 

 u was raifed at Berlin. Annual, like the lait, and much 

 -rfembling it, but the leaves are not rough, nor is their finus 

 ; 11 obtufe angle, but round. The mwh flowers are not one- 

 tiiith io large as in S. angulata; the female ones about a 

 quarter the lize of that fpccies. '^Fhc/ruit however is but 

 little fmaller. Wilhleno'w. 



3. S. viiifoUa. Vine-leaved Single-feeded Cucumber. 

 Willd. n. 3. — " Leaves five-lobcd, toothed, hairy and 

 vifcid ; heart-fhaped, with a roundiflv finus, at the bale." — 

 Willdenow faw this fpccies in a living Hate, but was unac- 

 quainted with its native country. He delcribes it as annual, 

 dillcring widely from both the preceding in having the leaves 

 divided half way down into five lobes, clothed, like the 

 whole plant, wiiji fine vifcid hairs, and fmelling like Salvia 

 coecinea. Male as well as iem^Xe Jlo-wers half the fi/.e of the 

 lirtt fpecies. 



4. S. laciiiiata. Jagged-leaved Single-feeded Cucumber. 

 Linn. Sp. PI. 1439. Willd. d. 4. (Sicioides frudu echi- 



nato, foliis laciniatis ; Plum. Ic. 239. t. 243. f. i.) — Leaves 

 deeply five-lobed, laciniatcd. — Native of South America. — 

 By Plumier's figure, this fpecies feems to differ from all the 

 foregoing in its deeply divided and jagged leaves, which are 

 very rough on the upper fide. Tiie fruit appears more 

 rounded and obtufe than in 5'. angulata. 



S. Garcini, Linn. Mant. 297. Burm. Ind. t. 57. f. 3, 

 is rightly, we believe, referred to Bryonia by Willdenow, iu 

 his Sp. PI. V. 4. 623. Burmann millook ihajlipula for the 

 fruit, a rare inllancc of the kind! 



SID, in Geography, a fmall river of England, which runs 

 into the Englifh Channel, at Sidmouth. 



SIDA, in Bot.iny, a name borrowed from the Greeki, 

 whofe o-tJu has by fome been thought a kind of marfli mal- 

 low, nor can we find any other reafon for the prefent appli- 

 cation of this name. Theophrallus defcribes his T.ir, more 

 particularly than ufual, and evidently indicates a fpecies of 

 NymphiZj. Lexicographers call <r.lr. the Pomegranate, and 

 Diofcoridcs ufes the word o-iiix for the rind of that fruit. — 

 Linn. Gen. 352. Schrcb. 463. Willd. Sp. PI. v. 3. 734. 

 Mart. Mill. Did. v. 4. Ait. Hort. Kew. v. 4. 197. 

 Purfii v. 2. 452. Cavan. Dilf. 6. Julf. 273. Lamarck 

 Illultr. t. 578. Gssrtn. t. 134. (Abutilon ; Tourn. t. 25. 

 Anoda ; Cavan. Difl. 38. Julf. 273.) — Clafs and order, 

 Monadelphia Polyand/ia. Nat. Ord. Columnifera, Linn. 

 Malvacea, Jul). 



Gen. Ch. Cal. Perianth inferior, fimple, of one le.af, 

 angular, cut about half way down into five fegments, per- 

 manent. Cor. Petals five, dilated upwards, emarginate, 

 attached by their claws to the tube of the ftamens. Stam. 

 Filaments numerous, united below into a tube, feparating 

 at the upper part of the tube into capillary fegments ; an- 

 thers roundifli. Piji. Germen orbicular ; ftyles five, ten, 

 or more, more or lefs combined below ; lligmas capitate. 

 Peric. Capfule roundifli, angular, deprelled, of as many 

 cells as there are ftigmas, more or lefs combined at the bale, 

 each with two pointed valves, burfting at the upper part. 

 Seeds one or more in each cell, roundifli, generally pointed ; 

 convex at the outer fide ; angular at the inner, by which 

 they are attached to the central column. 



Obf. This genus includes the Malvinda of Dillenius, 

 which has five cells only, with folitary feeds, as well as his 

 and Tournefort's Ahutihm, whofe cells, as well as feeds for 

 the mod part, are more numerous. Anoda of Cavanilles is 

 very infuificienlly dillinguiflied, by the cells of the capfule 

 being rather more united than ulual ; but there is no clear 

 or decided diflerence. For the diiUndlions of N.ap.f.a, re- 

 ferred to i'/^.i by Cavanilles, Schreber, &c. fee that article. 

 The fruit of the Linnxan S. periphcifulia feems peculiar, 

 having two feries of cells, according to Sclirebcr. 



Efl. Ch. Calyx fimple, angular. Style in numerous 

 divifions. Capfule of feveral bivalve celi:^, fpreading from 

 a centre. 



An extenfive genus, iricluding moll of the columni* 

 ferous or malvaceous order, that have no external calyx. 

 Cavanilles and L'Heritier liave confiderably added to the 

 ((uantity of fpecies. Their num.ber in the 14th edition of 

 Linn. Syft. Veg. is only 27 ; from which the lall of all, 

 being Schreber's P.\i,Avi,\, is to be expunged. (Sec that 

 article.) Willdenow reckons up 99, but from thefe .-.re to 

 be dcduded the two Napxa of Liniixuf, which undoubtedly 

 conllitute a dillind genus, as we have fliewn in its proper 

 place. In their Head, however, there arc two to add from 

 North America. Moll of the fpccies arc tropical plants, 

 natives of the Eall or Weil Indies. Several are found in 

 Mexico and Peru ; eight in North America ; a few at the 

 Cape of Good Hope, the Mauritius, &c. ; mme truly wild 



iu 



