S I G 



fary to form an entire office to his honour. And this in- 

 formation is copied by Fabricius, De Script. Ecckr. Arte 

 Mufica Antiphonas at refponforia de fanftis. 



SIGENBURG, in Geography. See Siegenburg. 



SIGENSUS PoRTUS, in Ancient Geography, a port of 

 Africa, on the coad of Mauritania Caefarienfis, between Siga 

 and Camarata, according to the Itinerary of Antpnine. 



SIGER, in Geography, a river of Silefia, which runs into 

 the Oder, fix miles below Beuthen. 



SIGESBECKIA, in Botany, was fo named by Linnxus 

 himfelf, in memory of his antagonill Dr. John George Siegef- 

 beck, fuperintendant of the phyfic-garden at Peterfburgh, 

 who raifed various objeftions againft the fexes of plants 

 and the Linna;an fyftem, and who has had the honour of 

 being anfwercd by Stillingfleet amongll others. — Linn. 

 Gen. 436. Schreb. 571. Willd. Sp. Pl.V. 3. 2219. Mart. 

 Mill. Dia. V. 4. Ait. Hort. Kew. v. 5. 119. Purfh v. 2. 

 561. Jufl". 187. Lamarck lUuftr. t. 687. Gsertn. t. 168. 

 — Clafs and order, Syngenefia Polygamm-fuperfua. Nat. Ofd. 

 CompofittE oppofttifoli<s, Linn. Corymbifera, JuiT. 



Gen. Ch. Outer Common Calyx of live linear, cylindric.il, 

 widely fpreading, permanent leaves, longer than the flower : 

 inner fomewhat five-angled, of feveral ovate, concave, obtufe, 

 equal leaves. Cor. compound, with a half radius. Florets 

 of the difli united, feveral, funnel-fhaped, exceeding the 

 calyx in length, with either five or three teeth ; of the radius 

 five, or not fo many, all on one fide of the flower, female, 

 ligulate, broad, fhort, three-cleft. Stam. in the united flo- 

 rets, Filaments five or three, very (hort ; anthers combined 

 in a cylindrical tube. Pifl. in the united florets, Germen 

 oblong, incurved, the fize of the calyx ; fl;yle thread-fliaped, 

 the length of the ftamens ; ttigma divided : in the females, 

 Germen oblong, incurved, the fize of the calyx ; ftyle and 

 ftigma as in the united florets. Perk, none, the calyx re- 

 maining unchanged. Seeds in the united florets folitary, 

 oblong, bluntly quadrangular, thickened upwards, obtufe, 

 Baked ; down noae ; in the female ones the fame. Recept. 

 chaffy ; fcales very like the fcales of the calyx, concave, 

 embracing the feeds at one fide, deciduous. 



Efl^ Ch. Receptacle chaffy. Seed-down none. Outer 

 common calyx of five leaves ; inner fpreading. Radius all 

 on one fide. 



Obf. S.Jlofculofa of L'Heritier offers a Angular excep- 

 tion in this great natural clafs, with regard to number, 

 having the florets of the diilc three-cleft, and triandrous. 



I. S. orientalis. Oriental Sigefbeckia. Linn. Sp. PI. 

 1269. WiUd. n. I. Ait. n. I. (Sigefl)eckia; Linn. Hort. 

 Cliff. 412. t. 23. S. triangularis; Cavan. Ic. v. 3. 27. 

 t. 253. Cichoreo affinis, Lampfana finica, mentaflri foliis, 

 calyce fimbriato hifpido, finice h'l-h'im-tfaiu difta ; Pluk. 

 Amalth. 58. t. 380. f. 2.) — Leaves ftalked, ovate, unequally 

 toothed ; fomewhat angular at the bafe. Outer calyx twice 

 as long as the inner. — Native of China and the Eafl; Indies ; 

 alfo, according to Cavanilles, of Mexico. Thouin informed 

 the younger Linnceus that he had it from the Cape of Good 

 Hope, and the flraits of Magellan. The plant has been 

 known for near a century in the gardens of Holland and 

 England, and is a tender annual, flowering in July and 

 Auguft, but with much more Angularity than beauty to re- 

 commend it. Thejlcm is bufliy, leafy, round, rough, three 

 or four feet high. Leaves oppofite, rough, two or three 

 inches long, fomewhat dilated and triangular at the bafe, 

 tapering down into each footftalk ; the uppermofl: much 

 fmaller and more oblong. Flowers numerous, terminal, 

 ftalked, brownifli-yellow, chiefly confpicuous for the fpread- 

 ing outer leaves of their glandular vifcid calyx, each three- 



15 



S I G 



qtnvters of an inch long. We cannot agree tvith Willdenow 

 in difcarding Plukenet's fynonym, which furely agrees better 

 with this than with the following. 



2. S. iberica. Georgian Sigelbeckia. Willd. n. 2. (Bi- 

 denti fimilis, foliis latifTimis ferratis ; Buxb. Cent. 3. 29. 

 t. 52.) — Leaves ttalked, ovate, bluntly toothed; rounded 

 at the bafe. Outer calyx the length of the inner. — Obferved 

 by Buxbaum about villages in Media, flowering in July. 

 Willdenow, who had feen a dried fpecimen, afferts thi< to 

 be a very diftinft fpecies from the former, to which Lin- 

 naeus referred Buxbaura's fynonym. The leaves, it feems, 

 are neither triangular, nor cut at the bafe, but (hortly 

 and bluntly toothed. The outer and inner calyces, being 

 both of an equal length, feem to us a more certain dif. 

 tinftion. 



3. S.Jlofculofa. Small-flowered Sigefbeckia. L'Herit. 

 Stirp. 37. t. 19. Willd. n. 3. Ait. n. 2. Purfh n. i. 

 Ehrh. Exficc. n. 79. — Leaves nearly fefTile, ovate, toothed. 

 Florets of the diflc three-cleft, triandrous. — Native of Peru, 

 from whence we believe its feeds were brought or fent by 

 the unfortunate Dombey. This has the habit of the firil 

 fpecies, but the^cm is fmoother. The leaves, though taper* 

 ing at their bafe, are fcarcely ftalked, nor are they at all 

 dilated, or angular. The greatefl peculiarity is fouid, as 

 we have already faid, in the Jlowers, which are fmaller and 

 paler than thofe of S. orientalis, ufually, though we believe 

 not always, deflitute of a radius, but Angularly remarkable 

 for the florets of the diflv having only three teeth and three 

 flamens. 



For S. occidenialis, Linn. Sp. PI. 1269, fee Phaetiiusa 

 and Verbesixa. 



SIGET, in Geography, a town of Hungary, on the fron- 

 tiers of Poland, near the fource of the Theyfle ; 50 mile* 

 E. of Munkacz. See alfo Ziget. 



SIGEUM, in Ancient Geography, a town and port of Afia 

 Minor, in the Troade, at the dillance of 60 ffadia from the 

 town of Rhceteum, and 100 fladia from Tenedos. Strabo 

 reports that this town was ruined in his time. The Myli- 

 tenians built it ; but foon after the Athenians expelled them, 

 which occafioned a long war between thefe two people ; but 

 at length, according to Herodotus (1. v.), having fubmitted 

 it to the arbitration of Periander, the fon of Cypfiele, this 

 prince adjudged it to the Athenians, in the year 564 B. C. 

 or, according to the computation of Ufher, in the year 

 589. The Athenians kept pofleflion of it till the time of 

 Alexander. Under his fuccelfors it was deflroyed by neigh- 

 bouring people. Pliny fpeaks of it as of a town which had 

 long ago fubfifted : " quondam Sigasum oppido." Sigeum 

 was re-eftablifhed under the Chriitian emperors, and erected 

 into a bifhopric dependent upon Cyzicus. A miferable vil- 

 lage, which has been built upon its ruins, and which prefents 

 a few veftiges of the ancient town, is called by the Turks 

 " Yenitcher-Keui," or village of the janizaries, and "Diagur- 

 Keui," or village of the infidels, as it is no longer occupied 

 except by Greeks. The curious go thither to admire a 

 block of marble, eight or nine feet long, placed by the fide 

 of the door of a church : it bears a G-reek infcription, al- 

 mofl entirely effaced, the words of which follow one another 

 without interruption, /. e. that the firft runs, as among us, 

 from left to right, and the fecond runs back from right to 

 left, and fo on to the end. (See Boustrophedon.) On the 

 other fide of the door is feen a bas relief in marble, tolerably 

 well wrought : it reprefents a woman feated, to whom other 

 women appear to offer children in fwaddling clothes : behind 

 thefe is feen another woman, holding a box in one hand and 

 a vafe in the other. 



SiGEUM 



I 



