SIMIA. 



M. Vofmaer's account of the manners of the orang-outang 

 brought into Holland in 1776, and prefeuted to the prince 

 of Orange, is nearly as fallows. It was a female, about 25 

 Rhenifh feet. It (hewed no fymptoms of fiercenefs and 

 malignity, and was of rather a melancholy appearance. It 

 was fond of company, and (hewed a marked preference 

 to thofe who took daily care of it, of which it feemed very 

 fenfible. When the company retired, it would frequently 

 throw itfelf on the ground, as if in defpair, uttering lament- 

 able cries, and tearing in pieces the linen within its reach. 

 Its keeper having foraetimes been accuftomed to fit near it 

 on the ground, it took the hay off its bed and laid it by its 

 fide, and feemed, by every demonftration, to invite him to be 

 feated near. It^ ulual manner of walking was on all fours, 

 but it could walk on its two hinder feet only. One morn- 

 ing it got unchained, and was feen to afcend the beams and 

 rafters of the building with wonderful agility, and it was 

 with the utmoil difficulty retaken and fecured. During 

 its ftate of liberty it had taken out the cork from a bottle 

 of Malaga wine, which it drank to the laft drop. It would 

 eat every thing that was offered, but was not obferved to 

 hunt for infedls like other monkies ; it was fond of eggs, 

 but fifh and roaited meat feemed its favourite food. It had 

 been taught to eat with a fpoon and fork. Its common 

 drink was water, but it would drink any kind of wine. 

 At the approach of night it lay down to flcep, and pre- 

 pared its bed by (baking well the hay on which it flept, 

 and putting it in proper order, and laftly covering it with a 

 coverlet. This animal lived feven months in Holland. On 

 its firft arrival, it had but little hair, except on its back 

 and arms, but on the approach of winter it became well co- 

 vered, and the hair on the back was full three inches long. 

 The whole animal then appeared of a chefnut-colour ; the 

 Ikin of the face, &c. was of a moufe-colour, but about the 

 eyes and round the mouth it was of a dull flefh-colour. 

 It was imported from the ifland of Borneo. See Orang- 

 outang. 



In Dr. Gmelin's edition of the Syftema Naturx, fays 

 Dr. Shaw, the fmaller variety, or the jocko, in its lefs (haggy 

 or more naked ftate, is given as a diftinft fpecies under the 

 name of S. troglodytes. The print pubh(hed many years 

 pail, by the name of Chimpanzee, is of this kind. (See 

 Chimpanzee. ) The animal defcribed in the jgth volume of 

 the Phil. Tranf, is by Gmelin referred to the orang-outang ; 

 but Mr. Pennant defcribes it under the title of Golok. It 

 has a pointed face ; long and (lender limbs ; arms, when 

 the animal is upright, not reaching lovi^er than the knees ; 

 head round, and full of hair ; grows to the height of a man. 

 It inhabits the forefts of Mevat, in the interior parts of Ben. 

 gal. In its manners it is gentle and modeft, diftinguifhed 

 from the orang-outang by its (lender form. In colour it is en- 

 tirely black. In the Philofophical TranfaClions the defcrip. 

 tion is as follows. " The animal is laid to be the height of 

 a man, the teeth white as pearls ; the arms in due proportion, 

 and the body very genteel." 



Lar, or long-armed Ape, has its haunches naked ; its 

 arms as long as its body : it is found in India, is gentle, 

 flothful, impatient of cold and rain, and is four feet high. 

 There are two other varieties, of which the firil: is about 

 eigliteen inches high, the face and body brown. The fecond 

 has it? body and arms covered with filvery hair ; the face, 

 ears, crown, and hands, are black. It inhabits the forefts of 

 Peval, in Bengal ; is playful, gentle, and elegant : about 

 three feet high. The lar, or, as it is fometimes denominated, 

 the gibbon, is diftinguilhed by the length of its arms, which, 

 when the animal (lands upright, are capable of touching the 

 jjround with its fingers ; henee its trivial name. Notwith- 



ftanding the apparent ferocity of the lar, and t\ie deformity 

 of its figure, which is extremely well given by Dr. Shaw, it 

 is of a traftable and gentle nature, and has even been cele- 

 brated for the decorum and modefty of its behaviour. Con- 

 fidered with refpeft to the reft of the genus, it ranks among 

 the genuine apes, or thofe which have not the leaft veftige 

 of a tail ; and, fays the naturalift already quoted, alarms the 

 pride of mankind, by too near an approach to the real 

 primates of the creation. 



Sylvanus ; Pigmy. Haunches naked ; head roundilh ; 

 arms fhorter. It inhabits Africa and the i(land of Ceylon ; 

 is mild and eafily tamed ; it ufes threatening geftures whea 

 it is angry, chatters when pleafed, falutes after the manner 

 of the Hottentots, and drinks from the palm of the hand. 

 The face is (hort and flat ; the forehead tranfverfely pro- 

 jefting at the regions of the eye-brows ; the (liin is rough ; 

 the hair on the neck and fore-arms reverfed : it is about 

 eighteen inches high. 



Inuus ; denominated by Bu{fon the Magot, and by Pen- 

 nant the Barbary Ape. Its haunciies are naked, and the 

 head oblong. Inhabits Africa, is fond of the open air, 

 deformed, dirty, and melancholy. It a good deal refembles 

 the S. fylvanus, but its fnout is longer, colour paler, nails 

 rounded, and is about three feet and a half high. This is 

 what is commonly feen in the exhibition of fuch kind of 

 animals : it is not remarkable for docihty or good temper ; 

 but, by force of difcipline, it is made to exhibit a greater 

 degree of intelligence than many others. Its colour is an 

 olivaceous-brown, paler or whiter beneath ; the face is of 

 a fwarthy fle(h-colour. The hands and feet have nails r^- 

 fembling the human. It is deftitute of any real tail, but 

 there is commonly a (hort (Ivinny appendix in the place 

 of one. 



This animal inhabits many parts of India, Arabia, and all 

 parts of Africa, except Egypt, and a fmall number is found 

 on the hill of Gibraltar, which breed there. Thefe apes are 

 very ill-natured, mifchievous, and fierce, agreeing with the 

 character of the ancient cynocephali : they are often exhi- 

 bited to play tricks ; aflemble in great troops in India ; and 

 will attack women going ,to market, and rob them of their 

 provifions. The females carry their young in their arms, and 

 will leap from tree to tree with them. 



Soilla ; or Hog-faced Ape. Nofe blunt, truncate, re- 

 fembling that of a hog. 



Seftion B. Baboons luithjhort Tails. See Baboon. 



Neme.strina. Beard thin ; colour grey ; eyes hazel ; 

 haunches naked. It inhabits Sumatra and Japan ; is lively, 

 gentle, traftable, and impatient of cold. The face 16 naked 

 and tawny ; the nofe is flat ; lips thin, with hairs refembling 

 whilkers ; hair on the body olive-black ; belly reddifh-yellow ; 

 it is about two feet high. Tliis fpecies is figured by Mr. Ed- 

 wards, who was in pofleflion of the hving animal, and who, 

 in order to compare his fpecimen with a much larger animal 

 of the fame fpecies, carried it to Bartholomew fair, and he 

 faid they feemed highly dehghted with each other's cona- 

 pany, though it was the firil time of their meeting : the 

 bed figure of this fpecies is faid to be that given by BufFon. 



Apedia ; Little Baboon. Thumb dole to the fingers ; 

 nails oblong, thumb-nails rounded ; haunches covered. This 

 is an inhabitant of India. The nails are oblong and com- 

 prefled, except the thumb and great toe-nails, which referable 

 thofe of a man ; the tail is fcarcely an inch long j the face is 

 brown, with a few fcattered hairs. 



Sphinx ; Great Baboon. Moath with whiikers ; nails 



acuminate ; haunches naked. This is found in the ifland of 



Borneo ; it is lafcivious, robult, and fierce ; it feeds on 



% fruits 



