S M A 



S M A 



which are produced by different plants of a low fhrubby 

 jrrowth, as thofe of the goofeberry, currant, and rafpberry 

 kindi, when grown alone, and in a feparate itate. See 

 Standakd FruU-Trtes. 



Small Key, in Geography, a fmall ifland in the Eait 

 Indian fea. N. lat. lo"' 37'. W. long. 247° 16'. 



Small Oat, in /igrlculture, a name applied to a parti- 

 cular kind of black grain of this fort, in fome places. It 



hardy, and capable of being grown with fuccefs on 

 ,H)or land of the chalky and other kinds. Other names 

 are alfo given to it ; and there is a fort of oat termed the 

 fmall fhort, or fmall (horts, in the farmer's language. See 

 Oat. 



Small Point, in Geography, a cape on the coaft of 

 Maine, forming the eaft point of Cafco bay. 



Small Repeat. See Repeat. 



Small Sallad Herbs, or Sallading, in Gardening, are fuch 

 young tender herbs as are made ule of through the year, for 

 the purpofe of furnifhing fallads. For this ufe, feveral young 

 feedling herbs of a warm nature are in requeft to mix with 

 the larger principal fallad herbs, as lettuces, endive, and 

 celerv, in order to improve their flavours and wholefome 

 qualities. The forts moitly in ufe are crefles, muftard, rad- 

 difh, rape, and turnep ; alfo fometimes cabbage-lettuce for 

 winter and early fpring ufe ; all of which, for this ufe, are 

 in perfection when quite young, that is, while not more 

 than a week, or ten or twelve days old, whilil they remain 

 moftly in the feed-leaf, being then cut up clofe to the 

 ground for ufe ; for, being molUy of a warm relifh, in 

 which confifts their chief excellence for winter and fpring 

 fallads, if flittered to grow large, and run into the rough 

 leaf, they become of a difagreeable, ftrong, hot talle ; but 

 when ufed as above, they are exceedingly crifp and tender, 

 with an agreeable v/arm flavour. For the purpofe of fal- 

 lading, thefe plants may be obtained young at all times 

 of the year, in the fpring and fummer in the open ground, 

 and in winter under the flielter of frames and glafles, and 

 occafionally on hot-beds. This fort of fallading is procured 

 by (owing the feeds of the different plants at different times, 

 throughout the whole year. 



Winter and Spring Culture. — In the winter and fpring it 

 may be raifcd either in hot-beds, or in the open borders, 

 and, accordmg as it may be required, early or late ; but 

 when it is required as early as poflible, it mull be fown in 

 hot-beds, under frames and lights, &c. or in a bed or bor- 

 der of natural earth under glailes. The fowing fhould be 

 made on hot-beds any time in December, January, or 

 February ; and where a confiderable lupply is daily re- 

 quired, it may be continued fowing every week or fortnight, 

 in hot-beds, till March, or during the cold weather, for 

 which a moderate hot-bed of dung (hould be made for one, 

 two, or more garden-frames ; but only half a yard or two 

 feet depth of dung, accordmg to the temperature of the 

 feafon, as the heat is only required to bring up the plants 

 quickly, and forward them a week or two in growth, placing 

 a frame direftly thereon, and moulding the bed all over with 

 light rich earth, five or lix mches thick, making the fur- 

 face level and imooth : when, if it is to be forwarded as 

 much as poffible, dircdly fow the (eed, which may be done 

 either in drills as fliallow as poUible, about two or three 

 inches broad, and flat at the bottom, and three inches 

 afundcr, fowing the feeds of each fort feparately, and very 

 thick, fo as almolt to cover the ground, only juit covering 

 them with earth; or, to make the moil of the bed, it may 

 be fowH all over the furface, previoufly fmoothing it lightly 

 with the back of the fpade, the different forts leparately, 

 and all very thick ; and after prefling them all even and 



lightly down with the fpade, covering them very thmly with 

 earth, by fifting over as much light mould as will only juft 

 cover the feed ; and as foon as the fowing is performed in 

 either method, putting on the lights. The feeds foon come 

 up, as in two or three days, or lefs, bemg careful, at this 

 time to give vent to the fteam arifmg in the bed, as well as 

 to indulge the plants with plenty of free air daily, either by 

 tilting the lights in the back or front, according to the tem- 

 perature of the weather, or by drawing the light.s a little 

 down, or taking them quite off occafionally in mild days at 

 firit ; for the hot. bed bemg yet new, there will be a con- 

 fiderable lleam arifing ; and the fallading coming up very 

 thick, unlefs due vent be given to pafs off the lleam, and 

 admit frefli air, the plants will be apt either to burn or fog, 

 (as the gardeners term it,) and mould off as fall as they 

 come up. Such hot-beds, however, as are not frefli made, 

 do not require this precaution ; but in new-made beds it 

 muff be ftrifilly obferved, till the fallading is all fairly come 

 up, and as long as the ftrong fteam continues. The plants 

 will molUy be iit for ufe in a week, or ten or twelve days, 

 from the time of fowing the feed. 



But in order to have a proper fucceffion, the fowing in 

 the hot-beds fliould be repeated every week or fortnight 

 during the cold weather ; the fame hot-bed fometimes re- 

 taining its heat, will admit of two fowings, by fowing again 

 as foon as the firft crop is gathered : however, to obtain a 

 regular fupply daily, it is neceflary to continue making frefli 

 hot-beds occafionally. Where only a fmall quantity may 

 be wanted at a time, and there is the convenience either ot 

 cucumber and melon hot-beds, or a hot-houfe, &c. fome 

 feed of each fort may be fown in pots or boxes, and placed 

 in thefe hot-beds, or the ftove, juft to bring up the plants 

 fit for ufe. And where there are not frames and glaffcs, 

 hand or bcll-glaffes may be ufed, or the bed be arched over 

 with low hoop-arches, in order to cover it with mats every 

 night, and in bad weather. 



Where, however, there are no hot-beds, in cold weather, 

 early in the fpring, part of a warm border, or a bed of light 

 earth in a funny fituation, may be prepared for garden-frames 

 and lights, hand-glades, &c. raifing the ground fomewhat 

 to the fun ; and having dug it, and raked it fine, fow the 

 feed as above, covering it lightly with earth ; and having 

 fet on the frames and glafles, the feeds will foon come up, 

 and the fallading be ready a confiderable time fooner than in 

 the open ground. 



Culture in the full Ground. — From about the end of 

 February, or beginning of March, according to the for- 

 wardnefs or mildnefs of the feafon, fmall fallading may be 

 fown in the open ground, repeating the fowings every week 

 or ten days ; the firft fowing being performed on a warm 

 border ; continuing the fowings in that fituation till the be- 

 ginning or middle of April, when it may be fown in any of 

 the open quarters, and in which the fowings may be re- 

 peated weekly, or once a fortnight, a.s required ; but ac- 

 cording as the hot weather approaches, fowing in a lome- 

 what ihady fituation. The ground for each fowing in tlw 

 dift'erent fituations fliould be properly dug, and the lurface 

 raked imeoth and even. 



Thefe fowings are moilly made in fliallow drills, which 

 fliould be drawn with a fmall hoe, either with the corner, or 

 held edgeways downward, horizontally, drawing the drills 

 along evenly, as fliallow as poffible, and flat or level at bot- 

 torn, at three or four inches afunder, in which the feeds 

 fliould be put evenly all along the bottom, each fort fepa- 

 rately, and very thick, covering them in evenly with the 

 fined of the mould, not more than a quarter of an inch deep ; 

 or if the fmaller feeds are but juft covered, it is fufficient ; 

 X 2 fo' 



