SNA 



SNA 



it ; but according to Dr. Porterfield, a good raicrofcope 

 fliews them dittinftly. 



The eyes of fhails are lodged in tlieir horns, one at the 

 end of each horn, which they can retraft at pleafure. 

 Med. Eil. Edin. vol. iii. art. 12. 



The manner of examining thefe eyes, which are four in 

 number, is this ; when the horns are out, cut off nimbly the 

 extremity of one of them, and placing it before the micro- 

 fcope, you may difcover the black fpot at the end to be a 

 really femiglobular eye. 



The dilieftion of this animal is very curious ; for by this 

 means the microfcope not only difcovers the heart beating 

 jufl againlt the round hole near the neck, which feems the 

 place of refpiration, but alfo the liver, fpleen, ftomach, and 

 inteflines, with the veins, arteries, mouth, and teeth, are 

 plainly obfervablc ; the guts of this creature are green, from 

 its eating of herbs, and are branched all over with fine ca- 

 pillary white veins ; tlie mouth is like a hare's or rabbit's, 

 with four or fix needle-teeth, refembling thofe of leeches, 

 and of a fubllance like horn. 



Snails are faid to couple three times at the diftance of 

 about fifteen days from each other, nature producing a new 

 fpear for each time of copulation, which laft s ten or twelve 

 hours ; at the end of about eighteen days they bring forth 

 their eggs, by the aperture of their neck. Baker's Mi- 

 crofcope, p. 217. Mem. Roy. Ac. Abr. vol. iii. p. 85. 



So fmall an animal as the fnail is not free from the plague 

 of fupporting other fmall animals on its body ; and as in 

 other animals we find thefe fecondary ones either hving only 

 on their furface, as lice, &c. or only in the intellines, as 

 worms ; it is very remarkable that this creature infelts 

 the fnail in both thefe manners, being found fometimes 

 on the furface of its body ; and fometimes within its in- 

 teflines. 



There is a part of the common garden fnail, and of 

 ether of the like kinds, commonly called the collar ; this 

 furrounds the neck of the fnail, and is confiderably thick, 

 being the only part that is vifible when the animal is retired 

 quietly into its fhell. In this ftate of the animal, thefe in- 

 fefts, which infeft it, are ufually feen in conliderable num- 

 bers, marching about very nimbly on this part : befides, the 

 fnail, every time it has occafion to open its anus, gives them 

 a place by which to enter into its inteftines, and they often 

 feize the opportunity. Mem. Roy. Ac. Abr. vol. iii. 

 p. 377, &c. 



Snails are great deftroyers of fruit in our gardens, efpe- 

 cially the better forts of wall-fruit. Lime and afhes fprinkled 

 on the ground where they mofl refort, will drive them 

 away, and dcflroy the young brood of them : it is a com- 

 mon praftice to pull oft the fruit they have bitten, but this 

 fhould never be done, for they will eat no other till they have 

 wholly eat up this, if it be left for them. 



Ariftotle and the old Greeks had no idea of the genera- 

 tion of thefe infefts in the manner of other animals, but 

 fuppofed them produced fpontaneoufly ; but the Romans 

 (hew, by many paflages in their writings, that they have 

 got over this error ; and even feem, by the preference they 



fave to the neck of this animal in this intention, to have un- 

 erilood the hermaphrodite Itrufture of this infeft, which 

 much later ages have pretended to make a new difcovery. 



The eaftern nations at prefent run much into the opinions 

 »f the Romans of old, as to provocatives ; they ufe, as the 

 others did, every thing that ferves to the purpofes of 

 generation in other animals, and every thing that has but 

 the refemblance of the external figure of the parts fubfer- 

 Tienl to It. 



Snail, Ear. See Sheh.s. 



Snail, Naked, Limax. See Slug and Limax. 



Snail, Oat, a name given by Dr. Litter, in the Philofo- 

 phical Tranfaftions, to a fmall fnail, which he obferved 

 under the loofe bark of old willows, elms, and other trees, 

 and which is of a very Angular ftrufture ; the fheli refembling 

 an oat-corn, whence the name, and its volutx, or wreaths, 

 running contrary to the direilion of them in other fnails, 

 that is, eatl and weft, as the philofophers exprefs it, re- 

 ferring it to the motion of the fun ; but thefe (hells, to ufe 

 that language, have the turns well and ealt, or more plainly, 

 they have the turns running from the right hand to the left, 

 not from the left to the right, as other fnails. Phil. Tranf. 

 N^ 250. 



Sn.\il is alfo the name of the animal inhabiting many 

 kinds of (hells, as the patella, cochlea, nerite, buccinum, 

 turbo, trochus, voluta, murex, purpura, iyra, and concha 

 Veneris. See Patella, Cochlea, &c. 



Snail-Co^/, in Jigriculture, a name given by Mr. Wor- 

 lidge to a fpecies of manure found at the bottom of deep 

 rivers. It is a kind of mud or (ludge, very foft, full of 

 wrinkles, and intermixed with many little (hells and fnails, to 

 which it is thought to owe a great part of its richnefs. It 

 is fometimes CdXied fnag-greet . 



SnAlL-Flcwer, in Botany. See Phaseolus. 



SsAlL-Honied, in Rural Economy, a term applied to the 

 horns of fuch cattle as have them Ihort and down-hanging, 

 with blunt points, and fomewhat bent, in the common form 

 of the fnail. 



S'SAlL-Shell, Medic or Trefoil, in yfgricufliire, a plant of 

 the artificial grafs kind, often known by the name of heart 

 clover or trefoil. It was introduced into Berkfhire, ac- 

 cording to the agricultural report of that diftrift, by cap- 

 tain Vancouver, on his return from his voyage round the 

 world, though a native of that country, under the notion of 

 the feeds being thofe of fome more important plant from 

 the South Sea iflands. It has fince been cultivated there, 

 it is faid, with fuccefs, producing a luxuriant herbage, 

 of which cattle are extremely fond. It (lands the winter 

 well, and a crop may at any time be produced. It is afferted 

 to have the advantage of lucerne, in not beir.g eafily 

 choaked, and in growing on a light foil, though it without 

 doubt produces the moll abundantly in good foils. The 

 cultivators have hitherto fown it in the broad-cafl method, 

 and are, it is faid, determined to perfevere, having now col- 

 lefted a fufficient quantity of its feed to enable them to ex- 

 tend their trials to fome acres of land. 



It would feem to be deferving of trials in other counties, 

 where herbage is fcarce and not eafily raifed. 



S}^AiL-Trefoil, in Botany. See Medicago. 



SNAITH, in Geography, a market-town in a parifh of 

 the fame name, lower divifion of the wapentake of Ofgold- 

 crofs, liberty of the honor of Pontefrafl, and Weft Riding 

 of Yorkfhire, England, is fituated at the diftance of 22 

 miles S. by E. from York, and 174 miles N. by W. from 

 London. The feite of this town is a gentle eminence, which 

 rifes from the fouthern bank of the river Aire, and over- 

 looks a flat and fertile diftrift of country. The market-day 

 here is Thurfday, weekly ; and there are fairs on the firft 

 Friday in April, loth of Augufl, and firft Friday in Sep- 

 tember, for horned cattle, fheep, woollen cloth, linen, and 

 cheefe. The church is an ancient building, in the pointed 

 ftyle ; remarkable only as the burial-place of the ancedors 

 of lord vifcount Down, who has a feat at Cowick, about a 

 mile S.E. from Snaith. Carlton, two miles to the N.E., is 

 the feat of the family of Stapleton, whofe anceftors diltin- 



guifhed 



