SNA 



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<fifFerent, both in language and appearance, from any wlioni 

 he had ever lecn ; and lie thinks, that the found of the lan- 

 guage bears a confiderable refembiar.ee to thofe of Africa 

 which he had heard. We (hall here fubjoin a brief account 

 of the river, near which thefe Indl.ins are fettled. The 

 Arkanfas, next to the MifTouri, is the moll coniiderable 

 tributary of the Mifhrippi. It is nearly 2500 miles in 

 length, and navigable at proper feafons through nearly the 

 whole dillancc. The chief rivers which fall into it are the 

 Verdigris, the Negracka, Canadian river, Grand river, &:c. 

 Several are much impregnated with (alt, and the Arkanfas, 

 at certain feafons, is alfo bracki(h. The lands on this river, 

 for 600 or 800 miles upwards, are delcribed as very fine, 

 and capable of aflbrding fettlemciits, though principally 

 untimbered. There is a remarkable communication between 

 the Arkanfas and White river, by a channel connefting the 

 two rivers, with a current fetting alternately out of the one 

 or the other, as the flood in either happens to predominate. 

 The Platte is the longed and largell of the rivers which dif- 

 clTarge themfelves into the Miiloiiri, being little (hort of 

 2000 miles, and yet it can hardly be reckoned a navigable 

 ftream ; the channel being- very wide, and the quickfands, 

 with which it abounds, ever varying. Several liHe navi- 

 gable rivers, however, dilcharge themfelves into it ; fuch 

 are the Elk Horn, the Wolf river, and llie Padoncas Fork. 



The Yellovv-itone, or Roche .laune, much refembles the 

 MilTouri in extent and difficulty of navigation, and is a very 

 coniiderable river. After the junftion, the Midburi under- 

 goes a very perceptible change. In feafons of high water, 

 it is more properly a found, and indeed the defcriptions of ' 

 its rapidity are almolt incredible. It enters the Millouri 

 1880 miles up. Its principal branches are Big Horn, 

 Tongue river, and Clark's river. 



SNAKENBURG, a town of Brandenburg, in the Old 

 Mark, on the Elbe ; 10 miles N. of Sechaufen. 



SNAKING, in the PraBke of R'tggmg, a fort of faf- 

 tening to confine the outer turns of feizings, &c. with the 

 fame fize rope, line, fpun-yarn, &c. by palling it acrofs 

 and under the outer turns at angles ; fo that one part may 

 remain perfedt and independent, if the other (hould be (hot 

 awav. 



SNAP-DRAGON, or Calfs-Siwut, in Botany. See 

 Antirkhinum. 



The lead fort of this plant is fometimes a troublefome 

 weed in corn-fields, but it is annual in its growth, and, of 

 courfe, with care, eafiiy and readily dellroyed by prevent- 

 ing its flowering and producing leeds. 



Snap-I)RA(;()X nf America. .See RiiELLl.\ and Barlf.ria. 



SNAPE, in Anchor- Making, denotes the fudden diminu- 

 tion of any part. 



SNAPPERTUNA, in Geography, a town of Sweden, 

 in tiie province of Nyland ; 7 miles E.N.E. of Eknas. 



SNAP-TREE, \n Botany. Sec .lusTlciA. 



SNARES, in Geography, a duller of craggy iflands in 

 the South Facilic ocean, difcovered by Capt. Vancouver, 

 on the 24th of November, 1 79 1, and appearing witliout 

 vecdurc. The north-ealternmoil, which is the largell, he ap- 

 prehended to be equal in extent to all the reft ; it is about 9 

 miles in circuit, and may be feen 8 or 9 leagues off. It is 

 fituated in ti. lat. 48' 3'. E. long. 166^ 20'. Mr. Biough- 

 ton alfo difcovered thele illaiids on the zjd of tiie fame 

 month, and in pufling through tiiem, cidled the largell 

 «' Kniijiit's Kland ;" which fie. 



SNARNVIER, a town of Afiatic Turkey, in the pro- 

 vince of Sivas, anciently called " Sy:'.oria," and once the 

 place where Mithrldates kept his treasures ; 25 miles S.S. W. 

 of Arabkir. 



SNATCH-BLOCKS, in Block- Making. See Blocks. 

 SNATHE, in Agricultare, a term applied to the handle 

 of a fcythe. 



SNAYERS, Peter, in Biography, a painter of very 

 coniiderable merit in almoll every branch, but particularly 

 in battles, huntings, and landfcapes. He was born at An- 

 twerp in 1593, and was a difciple of Henry van Balen. 

 He wa; held in great eilimation by the archduke Albert, 

 who patronized him, appointed him his painter, and fent 

 leveral of his piftures into Spain. Bcfides this fuperior en- 

 couragement, he was employed for many of the churches in 

 the Netherh:ids, and his battle-pieces are to be found in all 

 the mod choice collections of that country. Rubens and 

 Vandyck honoured them with their approbation ; and the 

 latter painted the portrait of Snayers among the eminent 

 artids of the day. He died in 1670, aged 77. ' 



SNEATH, or Sneyth, in Agriculture, a term applied 

 to the Ihaft of a fcythe in fomc places. 



SNECK, in Rural Economy, provincially the latch of a 

 door or gate. 



SNECKEN, in Geography, a town of Prullian Lithu- 

 ania ; 8 miles W.S.W. of Tillit. 



SNEECK, a town of Holland, in the province of 

 Friedand, (ituated in the Cviuntry of Wedergoo, called by 

 the natives " Snitz." The town is well-built, and encom- 

 palled by ditches and ramparts. Several learned men have 

 been educated in the- Latin ichool of this town; 38 miles 

 W.S.W. of GroninGren. N. lat. 53'' 4'. E. long. 5= 35'. 



SNEEZE-WORT, in Botany, a fpecics of Achillea; 

 which fee. 



Sneeze-wout, Aujlrlan, a fpecies of Xeranthemum; which 

 fee. 



SNEEZING, in Medicine, Sternutatlo, a violent con- 

 vulfive motion of the inuicles of relpiration, which is pre- 

 ceded by a deep infpiration tilling the lungs, then forces the 

 air violently throus^h the nofe, while the lower jaw is at 

 the fame moment clofed, and Ihakes the head and whole 

 body. See Lungs. 



Sneezing is always excited by fome irritation aftefting the 

 inner membraiie of the nofe ; and the air, therefore, which 

 in cougiiing is expelled through the mouth, is vehemently 

 driven through the nodrils in Ineezing, for the purpofe of 

 expelling th;it irritation. When a perfon is about to fneeze, 

 he perceives a fort of gentle and agreeable tickhng in the 

 nofe, and fometimes there is alfo a fimilsr fenfatiou about 

 the pr.ecordia : when one or both thcle arc felt, the perfon 

 is obliged to (ufpend all the bodily actions and wait the 

 event ; tiie whole elfort of tiie body appears to be centered 

 in the convullion which eiilues, and the expullion of the air 

 through the nodrils is accompanied by the peculiar noife 

 fo well known. In general, oile or two of thele convullive 

 ell'orts effefts the purpofe of removing the irritating caufe ; 

 but cafes are recorded, in which the repetition and violence 

 of the convullion have been incrcaied to the extent of be- 

 coming a difeafe ; and, in perfons of an apoplctlic dllpoli- 

 tion, it is even laid to have induced that difeafe, and thus 

 to have proved fatal. (See a cafe related by Morgagni, De 

 Sed. et Cauf. Morborum, Epiil. xiv. art. 27.) It is clearly 

 demondrable, indeed, as Van Svvieten has (hewn, that con- 

 tinued paroxyfn-.s of fneezing tend to load the vellcls of the 

 head with blood: for the violent contraftion of the clielt 

 impedes for the time the pallage of the blood through the 

 lungs, and therefore obdructs the return ol ihe venous 

 blood from the head, the veflel!! of wjiieh iiecellarily become 

 diltended. That this is aAually the cafe is evident trom the 

 appearances; bccaufe, on a repetition of Ineezing, tiie lace 

 fwells and looks redder, the eyes water and appear full and 



diilended. 



