SOLANUM. 



founded the fpecimen with S. verhafdfolium, from which it 

 eflentially differs in the inequality of the two fides of each 

 haf, at the bafe, and efpecially in the infiorefcence. The 

 twin rzcemoicjloiver-jlnlks fpring laterally from the inter- 

 mediate fpaccs of the branches, between the leaves, and two 

 of the latter always grow together, nearly from the fame 

 point. Whether the calyx of ihefowcr be deeply divided, 

 we cannot, becaufe of its woolHnels, determme ; but that 

 of they>-?v;V is feparated into five lanceolate fegments, to the 

 very bafe. Berry the fize of a red currant, befprinkled with 

 ftarry hairs. 



S. auriculalum. Ear-leaved Nightihade. Ait. ed. i. 

 V. I. 246. ed. 2. n. 2. Willd. n. 3. (S. mauritianum ; 

 Scop. Del. Infubr. v. 3. 16. t. 8.) — Stem fhrubby, un- 

 armed. Leaves ftalked, ovate, pointed, entire ; very foft 

 above ; acute at the bafe. Stipulas heart-fliaped. Corymbs 

 terminal, divided. Calyx cloven half way down. — Native 

 of Madagafcar, the Mauritius, and the Eaft Indies. A 

 ti!l\Jhrub, with the habit of S. ■verbafcifolittm, but larger ; 

 the pubefcence of the Jlalks ufually more (haggy ; the 

 greener upper furface of the leaves remarkable for a velvet- 

 like foftnefs ; the under white and woolly. Calyx feparated 

 half way down into five broad fegments, which are not 

 deeper in the fruit than in thejlower. The Jllpulas are often 

 Wanting, but the fpecies is fufRciently diftinft. 



S. PJeudoca^tcum. Shrubby Winter-cherry Nightfhade. 

 X.inn. Sp. PI. 263. Willd. n. 6. Ait. n. 3. (Amomum 

 Plinii ; Lob. Ic. 265, Ger. Em. 361. Pfeudocapficum ; 

 Dod. Pempt. 718. Strychnodendron ; Befl. Hort. Eyft. 

 nsftiv. arb. t. 14. f. i.) — Stem fhrubby, unarmed. Leaves 

 lanceolate, wavy, fmooth. Umbels lateral, feflile. — Native 

 of Madeira. One of our popular hardy greenhoufe plants 

 from Gerarde's time to this day. The_/?fm is buthy, a yard 

 high. Leaves ftalked, ever-green, about two inches long. 

 Flotuers few together, drooping, white, with orange anthers. 

 Ji'ruit fcarlet, globofe, the fize of a fmall cherry. 



S. diphyllum. Tvv'o-leaved Nightfhade, Linn. Sp. PI. 264. 

 Willd. n. 10. Ait. n. 4. .Tacq. Ic. Rar. t. 322. Coll. 

 V. 2. 331. (S. americanum, ftrychnodendro accedens, fruftu 

 medio, ante maturitatem, quafi fiflo ; Pluk. Phyt. t. iii. 

 f. 4.) — Stem fhrubby, unarmed. Leaves in pairs, elliptic- 

 oblong, fmooth ; one fmaller than the other. Flowers 

 cymofe, oppofite to the leaves. — Native of the Weft Indies, 

 from whence it was brought early to this country ; but is 

 only occafionally kept in lloves, rather for curiofity's fake 

 than otherwife, being lefs ornamental than the laft, with 

 imsWn floiuers and fruit, and much more tender. 



S. Dulcamara. Woody Nightfhade, or Bitter-fweet, 

 Linn. Sp. PI. 264. Willd. n. 15. FL Brit. n. i. Engl. 

 Bot. t. ^6^. Curt. Lond. fafc. I. t. 14. Woodv. Med. 

 Bot. t. 33. Fl. Dan. t. 607. (Amara dulcis ; Ger Em. 

 350.) — Stem fhrubby, twining, unarmed. Upper leaves 

 haftate. Clufters cymofe, drooping, oppofite to the leaves. 

 Fruit elliptical. — Native of moilt: bufhy places throughout 

 Europe, from Norway to Greece, flowering in fummer. 

 The branching zigzag ^^fmj climb upon other fhrubs, and 

 difplay their elegant bunches of violet -coloured^oTwrj, each 

 of whofe fegments has two green dots at the bafe, in an 

 elegant manner. The fcarlet pellucid berries are alfo beau- 

 tiful, though of a bitter and dangerous quality, Tlic leaves 

 are ovate, acute, ufually fmooth, on long ftalks, (omc 

 fimple, others haltate, rarely diltinftly auricled. The bark 

 and roots are faid to be bitter, with a fublequent fwrctnefs. 

 The young fhoots have been recommended, in dccoftion, 

 for rheumatic and fcorbutic difeafcs. We have fometiracs 

 doubted whether this might not be the Kt/xXa/jivj; ili^a of 

 Diofcorides, a much difputed plant : but the flowera are 



neither white, nor fragrant, as he defcribes them. We 

 readily concur with Willdenow in believing the Linnaean |S, 

 figured in Dill. Elth. t. 273. f. 352, to be a diftinft fpecies, 

 nor do we doubt its bemg the quadrangulare, hereafter 

 mentioned. 



S. Seaforthianum. Lord Seaforth's Nightfhade. Andr. 

 Repof. t. 504. Ait. Epit. 374. — Stem fhrubby, twining, 

 unarmed. Leaves fimple or ternate, ovate, pointed, fmooth. 

 Panicles lateral, drooping, compound. Corolla without 

 dots. — Native of the Weft Indies, from whence it was 

 brought by the late earl of Seaforth. This beautiful fpecies 

 is faid to fucceed beft in a confervatory. Its general ap- 

 pearance refembles the laft, but the large pendulous panicles 

 of numerous pale-purple Jloiuers, deftitute of green dots, 

 are very different, and extremely ornamental on a trellis. 

 The infiorefcence often feems terminal, but is properly lateral. 

 Of the berries we have no information. 



S. fcander.s. Chmbing Surinam Nightfhade. Linn. 

 Suppl. 147. Amoen. Acad. v. 8. 253. Willd. n. 17. — 

 Stem twining, unarmed. Leaves ovate ; heart-fhaped at 

 the bafe ; downy beneath. Panicle terminal, cymofe. Ca- 

 lyx fmooth on the infide. — Native of Surinam. The leaves 

 betray a confiderable affinity to our firlt fpecies, laurifolium, 

 but the downinefs of their under furface confills of little, 

 forked or ftarry, fcattered hairs, not of fimple ones pro- 

 ceeding in double rows from each vein. The branches more- 

 over are long and flaccid, apparently herbaceous ; and the 

 calyx is not briflly within, but nearly fmooth on both fides. 

 Corolla downy, divided almoft to the bottom. Lower half 

 of the Jlyle hairy. Berries the fize of a cherry. 



S. quercifnlium: Oak-leaved Nightftiade. Linn. Sp. PI. 

 264. Willd. n. 20. Ait. n. 6. ( S. fohis quernis ; Feuill. 

 Peruv. 722. t. 15.) — Stem fomewhat herbaceous, angular, 

 zig-zag, rough-edged, ereft, unarmed. Leaves pinnatifid. 

 Clufters cymofe.— Gathered by Feuill6, on the mountains 

 of Valparaifo, in Chili. Linnaeus railed the plant at Up- 

 fal, from feeds fent by JufTieu, but it has only lately found 

 its way to the Englifh gardens. The root is thick, fleftiy, 

 and perennial. Stem four or five feet high, branched, leafy, 

 with feveral unequal angles, that are rough, with minute 

 fharp tubercles. Leaves regularly pinnatifid, of five or 

 feven bluntilh, entire, rather diftant lobes, nearly fmooth ; 

 their long footflalks /lightly winged. Flowers drooping, 

 violet, with yellow anthers ; their corolla broader than that 

 of .?. Dulcamara. Berries red, ovate. 



S. radicans. Rooting Nightfiiade. Linn. Sp. PL 264. 

 Willd. n. 22. Ait. n. 8. Liim. fil. Dec. i. 19. t. 10. — 

 Stem fomewhat herbaceous, unarmed, roundifh, proftrate, 

 nearly fmooth, taking root. Leaves pinnatifid. Clufters 

 cymofe.— Native of Peru. Very nearly related to the laft, 

 but diff'cring in its proftrate creeping^cm, whofe angles are 

 lefs marked, and almoR fmooth. Tlie fegments of the 

 leaves are never more than five. Clujlers fimple. Flowers 

 fewer and fmaller, while ; purplilh beneath. Berriet yel- 

 low, globofe or two-lobed. 



S. lariniatum. Cut-Uaved Niglitfliade. Ait. ed. i. v. i. 

 247. ed. 2. n. 7. Willd. n. 21. Br. n. 4. Curt. Mag. 

 t. 349. (S. aviculare; Forft. Prodr. 18. PI. Efcul. 42.) 

 — Stem fomewhat flirubby, unarmed, fmooth. Leaves 

 linear-lanceolate, undivided or pinnatifid, entire, fmooth. 

 Clufters lateral, corymbofe. Calyx cloven half way down. 

 Segments of the eorolla emarginatc. Stamens fpreading. 

 Berry oval. — Native of New Zccland, New South Wales, and 

 Van Dicnien's land. A greenhoufe fhrub, introduced by 

 fir J. Banks in 1772. The leaves are dark green, nearly 

 fcffile ; fomttimcs quite undivided, fometimes deeply pinna- 

 tifid, on the fame or a diilcrtnt plant ; their length from 

 O o 2 four 



