SOLANUM. 



Inft. 149. S. pomiferum, foliis quercus utrinque fpinofis, 

 flore borraginis ; Morif. fed. 13. t. I. f. 15.) — Stem 

 fhrubby, round, prickly. Leaves deeply pinnatifid, roundly 

 lobed, roughifh, with fcattered thorns. Calyx prickly, 

 much (liorter than the fruit. — Native of Africa, and the 

 fouth of Europe. A greenhoufe (hrub, flowering in June 

 and July. The Jlem is ereft, branched, brown or purplilh, 

 more or lefs roughifh, like the relt of the herbage, with 

 fomewhat ftarry hairs, and bearing, like the ribs of the 

 leavis above and below, and all the Jalh, copious, ftrong, 

 brownifh, fcarcely black, ftraight thorns, broad at the 

 bafc. The leaves are green, very deeply, often doubly, 

 pinnatifid, with wide iinufes, and blunt rounded lobes, like 

 thofe of fome American oaks. Chijlers lateral, fimple. 

 Flowers targe and handfome, purple, with fhortifh yellow 

 anthers, Ciilyx very thorny. Fruit yellow, globofe, pen- 

 dulous, an inch or two in diameter. 



S. Fyracamha. Orange-thorned Nightlhade. Lamarck 

 Did. V. 4. 299. Ait. n. 30. Sm. Exot. Bot. v. 2. 9. 

 t. 64. — Stem (hrubby, very thorny, as well as the foliage 

 and calyx. Leaves oblong, acute, pinnatifid, denfely 

 downy. Clufters lateral, woolly. — Native of Madagafcar. 

 Sent by M. Thouin, in 1789, to Mr. Alton. It flowers 

 in the itove in Auguft and September, but, according to 

 Mr. Lambert, fucceeds well during autumn, if turned out 

 under a fouth wall. The whole plant is rendered very bril- 

 liant by the copious, large, bright-orange thorns, and tlie 

 downy ribs of the leaves are of the fame rich hue. Each 

 leaf'K often a foot long, with fpreading, parallel, acute, 

 lanceolate, angular lobes, clothed^on both fides vpith denfe, 

 white, Harry pubefcence. Branches and Jlalks woolly. 

 Clujlers fimple. Calyx woolly, thorny at the bafe only ; its 

 fegments linear-lanceol,;te. Corolla violet, with green 

 branching veins. Anthers yellow, equal. Stigma fimple. 

 Berry globofe, reddiih. 



S. fifymbrifolium. Rocket-leaved Nightfhade. Lamarck 

 Dift. v. 4. 307. — Stem (hrubby, thorny, as well as the 

 foliage and calyx. Leaves doubly pmnatifid, acutely 

 notched, hairy. Clufters lateral, with hairy Italks. Stigma 

 two-lobed. — Gathered at Buenos Ayres, by Commerfon, 

 whofe fpecimen is before us. The leaves are not half fo 

 long as the laft, but broader in proportion, and green, not 

 white or hoary, their pubefcence, and that of the whole 

 herbage, being fimply hairy, apparently vifcid, not at all 

 llellated. The thorns are flender, of a tawny or orange hue, 

 and are extremely abundant about the bafe of the cdyx. 

 Clujlers longer than the leaves, fimple, of a few large, white, 

 orblufh-coloured.^o^Kfrj, whofe ^/Vmrj is capitate, of two 

 downy lobes. 



S. argentatum. Silvery-coated Nightlhade. — Stem 

 flirubby, prickly, as well as the foliage and calyx. Leaves 

 oblong, obtufe, bluntly finuated, clothed, like the ftalks, 

 calyx, and back of the corolla, with depreflcd, ftarry fcales. 

 — Native of Buenos Ayres. We prcfume this may be the 

 fuppofcd variety, mentioned by M. Poiret in Lamarck, 

 with fimply pinnatifid leaves. Probably that able botanill 

 viewed it but flightly, for nothing can be more diftinft than 

 our plant, gathered by Commerfon, nor are many of its 

 genus more elegant. The leaves, on long fpinous/a/^^/, are 

 pretty exaftly of the fize and figure of our Common Oak, 

 but thickly clothed on both fides with curious ftarry fcales, 

 rather than hairs, more denfe and hoary on the under fur- 

 face, and more filvery on the fower-JlaHs, calyx, and even 

 the back of the corolla itfelf. The thorns of the whole 

 plant are flender, and orange-coloured. The calyx is bell- 

 ftiaped, angular, with (hort (lender teeth ; its bafe prickly. 



S. cornutum. Horn-flowered Nightfiiade. Lamarck 



Dia. V. 4. 308. " Juir. Annal. du Muf. d'Hitt. Nat. 

 V. 3. 120. t. 9;" Purjh. — Stem herbaceous, thorny, a» 

 well as the foliage and calyx. Leaves doubly pinnatifid, 

 lyrate, nearly fmooth. Anthers declining ; the lower one 

 much the largeft. — Native of Vera Cruz, from whence 

 Thierry de Menonville brought feeds to the Paris garden. 

 We know not whether the root or J) em be perennial or 

 no, but the plant leems of luxuriant growth, with co- 

 pious, long, (lender, pale-yellow thorns. The leaves are 

 green, not hairy, but roughilh with minute points, at leaft 

 in a dry flate ; the whole leaf, as well as each divifion, par- 

 ticularly the terminal one, elegantly lyrate ; the ribs befet 

 with fine briftly thorns. Clujlers lateral, denfe, with flightly 

 downy ftalks. Flunvers large, yellow, remarkable for the 

 great fize 01 their lowcrmoll anther. 



S. hclcrandrum. North American Horned Nightfliade. 

 Pur(h n. 6. — Stem herbaceous, thorny, as well as the fo- 

 liage and calyx. Lesves doubly pinnatifid, hairy and 

 dow.iy on both fides ; their fegments obtufe. Anthers 

 fpreading ; the lower one as long as the corolla. Berry en- 

 clofed in the armed calyx. — Found by Mr. Nuttall, on the 

 banks of the Miflburi, flowering in July. Annual, with 

 large y eWow Jlowers. Nearly allied to the laft. PurJh. 



S. capenfe. Tnorny Cape Nightshade. Linn. Suppl. 147. 

 Wiild. n. 64. Thunb. Prodr. 37. — Stem (hrubby, round, 

 thorny, as well at the foliage and calyx. Prickles crowded, 

 ftraight. Leaves bluntly pinnatifid, rough with ftarry 

 hairs. Fruit-ftalks lateral, in pairs, unarmed, recurved.^ 

 Brought by Thunberg from the Cape of Good Hope. The 

 Jlem is woody, very much branched, knotty, rigid, appa- 

 rently of humble ftature, armed with plentiful, ftiarp, 

 ftraight, tawny prickles, from a quarter to half an inch 

 long ; the young branches, and Jlalhs, clothed with lax 

 ftarry hair.-. The leaves are ftalked, barely an inch long, 

 finuated like an oak-leaf, with two rounded lobes at each 

 fide, bearing a few large prickles, and clothed all over with 

 the fame (tarry pubefcence as the (talks, though defcribed 

 by the younger Lmnxus and Thunberg as naked. The 

 Jloiuers we know nothing of. Berries globofe, orange- 

 coloured, polilhed, naked, the fize of Black Currants, two 

 or three together, on ftrong recurved Jlalks, (horter than 

 the leaves, and almoft entirely deftitute of prickles, though 

 the deeply-divided calyx bears feveral large ones. N» 

 figure, nor, till now, any full defcription, of this fpecies 

 has been publiflied. 



S. marginatum. White-margined Nightlhade. Linn. 

 Suppl. 147. Willd. n. 65. Ait. n. 31. Jacq. Coll. 

 V. I. 50. Ic. Rar. t. 45. — Stem (hrubby, wooUy, prickly, 

 as well as the fohage and italks. Leaves heart-lhaped, 

 waved or finuated, white-edged ; denfely woolly beneath — 

 Said to have been brought by Mr. Bruce, the celebrated 

 traveller, from Abyfiinia, or at leaft from Africa, and in- 

 troduced at Kew in 1775. Jacquin gives Paleftine as its 

 native country. Tliis is a handfome greenhoufe Jhrubt 

 flowering moft part of the fummer, and diitinguifhed by 

 the pure-white margin of its rather large leaves, on the 

 upper fide, efpecially when young. The fnowy, granu- 

 lated, minutely (tarry pubefcence of the whole plant, very 

 denfe on the backs of the leaves, is alfo ftriking. The 

 prickles are fmall and few. Flowers the fize of a potatoe- 

 blolTom, cymofe, with purple ribs. Calyx woolly, un- 

 armed, fplitting unequally. Fruit ovate, of a dirty yellow. 



S. VeJpertiliB. Bat-flowered, or Canary, Nightlhade. 

 Ait. ed. I. V. I. 252. ed. 2. n. 33. Willd. n. 67. Wendl. 

 Hort. Hcrrenh. fafc. 4. 5. t. 21. (Nyfterium cordifolium ; 

 Venten.Malmaif. t. 85.) — Stem flirubby, prickly. Prickles 

 conical. Leaves heart-fhaped, undivided ; woolly beneath. 



Corolla 



