SOL 



all things let reafon be your guide :" " Diligently contem- 

 plate excellent things." Of the poetical talents of Solon, 

 time has left us little opportunity of judging. Thirty-one 

 fragments, coUefted from Stobaeus and other writers, have 

 been printed by Brunk. They are written in various mea- 

 fures, but chiefly in the elegiac. Many of them, in a Ityle 

 refembling that of Theognis, the poet of Megara, are em- 

 ployed in the illuftration of ufeful maxims relative to the 

 condudl of life and formation of manners. The fcanty frag- 

 ments of the Salaminian elegy, to which we have already re- 

 ferred, manifeft confiderable animation, fo that we can eafily 

 give credit to what is faid of the effedl which it produced. 



Solon, in Geography, a military townfhip of America, 

 in the ftate of New York and county of Cortland, bounded 

 N. by Troxton, E. by Chenango county, 8. by Cincin- 

 natus, and W. by Homer; lo miles E. of Homer, and 

 132 miles W. of Albany. It is 12 miles fquare, and an 

 excellent traft of land. The timber in this tcwnftiip is 

 maple, beech, elm, afh, butternut, bafs, together with 

 fome pine and hemlock. The foil is principally a warm 

 gravelly loam, well adapted for farming, and the inhabitants 

 are farmers. The population in 18 10 confifted of 1270 

 perfons. The roads in this townfhip are in good order ; 

 and great numbers of lean cattle are driven from hence every 

 year to Philadelphia, Weft Chefter and Duchefs counties. 

 — Alfo, a town of Maine, in the county of Somerfet, con- 

 taining 312 inhabitants. 



SOLONIUM, in jincient Geography, a town of Italy, 

 in Etruria, according to Dionyfius Halicarnaflus. 



SOLOOKUPA, in Geography, a town of Bengal; 15 

 miles N.N.E. of Nuldingah. 



SOLOON, a fmall ifland in the Eaft Indian fea ; 25 

 miles from Samar. N. lat. 10^ 55'. E. long. 125^ 42'. 



SOLOR, an ifland in the Eaft Indian fea, S. of Celebes, 

 about 70 miles in circuit, feparated from the E. coaft of 

 the ifland of Flores by a narrow channel, called the Straits 

 of Flores. S. lat. 8° 33'. E. long. 125° 42'. 



SOLOS, ZrAo:, in Antiquity, an inftrument with which 

 the exercife of the quoit was performed, which lome will 

 have to be diftinguiflied from the difcu% becaufe that was 

 of iron, this of ilone ; but others, with more reafon, report 

 that the difference confifted in this, -viz. that the s-oXo; was 

 of a fpherical figure, and the difcus broad. 



SOLOT, in Geography, a fmall ifland in the Indian fea, 

 rear the coaft of Africa. S. lat. 12'' 8'. 

 SOLOTHURN. See Soleure. 

 SOLOTKOVA, a town of RufCa, in the government 

 of Irkutfl<, on the Ilmin ; 60 miles S.W of Orlenga. 



SOLOTNICK, in Commerce, a weight in Ruffia, which 

 expreffes the finenefs both of gold and filver ; the pound or 

 other weight being divided into 96 fuch parts : fo that ttie 

 folotnick is alfo the Vith part of a Ruffian pound weight. 

 According, to the mint regulations eftablifhed in the reign of 

 the emperor Paul, and confirmed by an edift of the em- 

 peror Alexander, in 1 801, 224 rubles are to contain a 

 Ruffian pound of fine filver ; and they are to be 834^ folot- 

 nicks (or 10 oz. 8dwts.) fine ; fo that each ruble fhould 

 weigh 320^ Enghfh grains, and contain 2774 grains of fine 

 filver. It was declared that no gold coin fhould be here- 

 after ttruck in Ruffia, except the imperial and half-imperial, 

 the ftandard of which was raifed to 94I folotnicks, or 1 88^ 

 Englifh grains. Accordingly, 



£ s. J. 

 The imperial is worth i 12 gi] 1 . ■ t- in, u 

 The ducat o 9 ^ T'^^''^'^ '" Englifh gold. 



The ruble of 1763 o 

 ' of 1801 p 



5 1 



^ I r valued in Englifh filver. 



SOL 



By an afTay lately made on a number of rubles at the 

 London Mint, by order of the Bank of England : — 



Rubles of 1763, weight from I4dwts. 21 grs. to I5dwt8. 

 20grs. ; average ijdwts. 8igrs. ; finenefs 44 dwts. worfe 

 than Englifh, that is, 8 oz. 18 dwts. 



Rubles of 1801, weight from 13 dwts. 2 grs. to 13 dwts. 

 1 2 grs. ; average 13 dwts. 7 grs. ; finenefs 14 dwts. worfe 

 than Er.glifh, that is, 10 oz. 8 dwts. Thus we have the 

 value of the old ruble 3/. 2d. fterling, and of the new, 

 3^. 2\d. 



The Ruffian weights are as follow, viz. the berquet or 

 berkowitz contains 10 poods ; the pood, 4olbs. ; the pound, 

 32 loths ; and the loth, 3 folotnicks. The Ruffian pound 

 weighs 28 loths, Cologne weight, or 6314 troy grains. 

 Hence 50olbs. Ruffians 45 libs, avoirdupois. The ordinary 

 computation among merchants is, that 361b3. avoirdupois 

 — the pood of 4olb3. Ruffian ; and that 63 poods = I ton 

 avoirdupois. Kelly's Cambift. 



SOLOVETZKOI, in Geography, a fmall ifland of 

 Ruffia, in the White fea. N. lat. 64= 55'. E. long. 



30" 14'- 



SOLRE-LIBRE {Le Chateau), a town of France, 

 in the department of the North, and chief place of a canton, 

 in the diftrifl of Avefnes ; 6 miles N.E. of Avefnes. The 

 place contains 1525, and the canton 7134 inhabitants, on a 

 territory of 212^ kiliometres, in 23 communes. 



SOLSEQUIUM, a word ufed by fome chemical writers 

 as a name for fulphur. 



SOLSOGAN Bay, in Geography, a bay on the S. 

 coaft of the ifland of Lu5on. N. lat. 13" 12'. E. long. 

 123° 50'. 



SOLSONA, or Salsona, a town of Spain, in Cata- 

 lonia, the fee of a bifliop, fufFragan of Tarragona ; 97 miles 

 E. of Saragoffa. N. lat. 42° 2'. E. long. 1=' 22'. 



SOLSTICE, SoLSTiTiuM, in AJlronomy, the time when 

 the fun is in one of the folftitial points ; that is, when he \i 

 at his greateft diftance from the equator, which is 23° 28' : 

 thus called, becaufe he then appears to Jland jiill, and not 

 to change his place in the degrees of the zodiac, any way : 

 an appearance owing to the obliquity of our fphcre, and 

 to which thofe who live under the equator are ftrangers. 



The folftices are two in each year ; the ajlival or fummer 

 folftice, and the hyemal or luinter folftice. 



The fummer folftice is when the fun is in the tropic of 

 Cancer ; which is on the 21ft of June ; when he makes the 

 longeft day. 



The winter folftice is when he enters the firit degree 

 of Capricorn; which is on the 2 2d of December; when 

 he begins to return towards us, and makes the fhortelt 

 day. 



This is to be underftood as in our northern hemifphere ; 

 for in the fouthern, the fun's entrance into Capricorn 

 makes the fummer folftice, and that into Cancer the winter 

 folftice. 



Mr. Pond, the aftronomer royal, from obfervations made 

 on the fummer and winter folftice, deduces the mean ob- 

 liquity of the ecliptic for January i, 1813, at 23° 27' 

 5i".50 from the former, and from the latter 23° 27' 



4/ -sy- 



SOLSTITIAL Points, are thofe points of the ecliptic, 

 by which the fun's afcent above the equator, and his defcent 

 below it, are terminated. 



The firft point, which is in the beginning of the firft 

 degree of Cancer, is called the ajlival or fummer point ; 

 and the latter, which is in the beginning of the lirft point 

 of Capricorn, the "winter point. The folftitial points are 

 diametrically oppofite to each other. 



Solstitial 



