SOP 



9. S. chryfophylla. Golden-leaved Sophora. (Edward- 

 fia chryfophylla; Salif. Tr. of Linn. Soc. v. 9. 299. t. 26. 

 f. I.) — Leaflets cbovate, emarginate, filky. Clulters la- 

 teral. Leaume — Gathered in the Sandwich iflands, 



by Mr. Menzies. The leafets are thrice as broad as in the 

 foregoing ; Jloiuers yellow, about half the fize of that 

 fpccies. Nothing is known refpefting the legume. 



10. S. microphylla. Small-leaved Sophora. Ait. ed. I. 

 V. 3. 43. Willd. n. 2. Lamarck, f. I. Jacq. Hort. 

 Schoenbr. v. 3. 10. t. 269. (S. tetraptera ; Forft. Prodr. 

 32. Linn. Suppi. 230.) — Leaflets numerous, roundifh- 

 obovate, fomewhat filky. Clufters lateral. Legume with 

 four membranous creiiate wings. — Difcovered by Banks, 

 Forfl:er, and others, in New Zealand. Introduced in 1772 

 to the notice of Britifh cultivators. It is ufually treated 

 here as a greenhoufe flirub, though marked as hardy by 

 Mr. Alton, flowering in May and June. The younger 

 Linnajus, like Forfter, confounded this with S. tetraptera, 

 n. 8, though our native fpecimen, from the latter, is marked 

 microphylla. It differs eflentially from tetraptera, though 

 their legumes are fimilar, in having Jloivers not above half fo 

 large, and efpecially in the rounded figure, and fmall fize, 

 of its numerous leaflets, whofe filky pubefcence, motl con- 

 fpicuous on their under fide, is filvery, not of a tawny or 

 golden hue, even after long keeping. 



For other fpecies, formerly referred to this genus, fee 



OrMOSIA and PoDALYRIA. 



Sophora, in Gardening, contains plants of the her- 

 baceous, flowery, perennial, and ftirubby exotic kinds, of 

 which the fpecies (as feme have reckoned them) cultivated 

 are, the wing-podded fophora (S. tetraptera) ; the fmall-leaved 

 (hrubby fophora (S. microphylla) ; the fox-tail fophora (S. 

 alopecuroides) ; the blue fophora (S. auftralis) ; the dyer's fo- 

 phora (S. tinftoria) ; the white fophora (S. alba) ; the downy 

 fophora (S. tomentofa); the occidental fophora (S. occiden- 

 talis) ; tlie ihiniiig-leaved fophora (S. japonica); the vetch- 

 leaved fophora (S. capenfis) ; the golden-flowered fophora 

 (S. aurea) ; and the round-leaved fophora (S. myrtillifolia.) 



Method of Culture. — The firll five forts are hardy, and 

 may be increafed by feeds, or parting the roots. The 

 feeds fhould be lown in the fpring, in pots of fine mould ; 

 and when the plants are come up, they ftiould be removed 

 into feparate pots, till they have obtained fufficient ilrength, 

 when they may be planted out where they are to grow. 

 The roots may likewife, in many of the forts, be parted at 

 the fame feafon, and planted in pots, or where they are to 

 remain. The firft and fecond forts may alfo be raifed from 

 cuttings and layers, planted or laid down at the fame feafon. 

 Thefe, when planted againlt a wall, fo as to be protefted 

 from the froil in winter, fucceed very well. 



But all the other forts are tender, and require the pro- 

 teftion of the hot-houfe or ilove. They arc increafed by 

 lowing the feed in the early fpring, in pots filled with fine 

 mellow light mould, and pluna-ing them in the hot-bed 

 under glaiie,';, or in the bark-bed. When the plants have 

 advanced a little in growth, they fliould be removed into 

 feparate pots, filled with foft loamy mould, being well 

 watered, and replunged in the bark-bed till frefli rooted ; 

 being afterwards managed as other exotic Itove plants, with 

 but Httle water. They likewife fometimes fucceed by 

 layers and cuttings, treated in the fame manner. 



It may be noticed, that the firft forts afford variety in 

 the borders, and among potted plants ; and the latter in 

 ftove coUeftious, where heat is required. Many of the 

 tender forts are very elegant plants, proper for affording 

 ornament and curiofity in fuch fituations. 



SOPHRONIST./E, cr<D?jo»trai, among the Athenians, 



S O R 



were ten officers, appointed to take care that the young 

 men behaved themfelves with fobriety and moderation. 



SOPHRONISTERIUM,5-i._-{o-..rv:5,ov,among the Athe- 

 nians, a houfe of correction, like our Bridewell. 



SOPI.-\N.£, in Ancient Geography, z town of the Lower 

 Pannonia, upon the route from Sirmium to Carnuntum, be- 

 tween Antiana and Manfuetianus, according to the Itinerary 

 of Antonine. 



SOPIO, a name ufed by fome of the old writers for 

 opium, from its foporific virtue. 



SOPOLO, in Geography, a town of Turkilh Albania ; 

 32 miles S.S.E. of Valona. 



SOPORARI./E Ahteui.'E, a name given by fome au- 

 thors to the carotid arteries. 



SOPORIFIC, or SopoRiFEROUS, a medicine that has 

 the faculty of procuring fleep. Such are opium, lauda- 

 num, &c. 



The word is formed from the Latin fopor, Jleep. The 

 Greeks, in lieu of it, ufe the word hypnotic. 



SOPOROUS, Sleepy, or Drotufy difeafes, a term by 

 which medical writers exprefs the lethargy and coma, and 

 fome others even the carus and apoplexy. 



SOPPAL^, in Geography, a town of Silefia, in the prin- 

 cipality of Jagerndorf ; 5 miles N. of .Tagerndorf. 



SOPPY, a town on the N.W. coaft of the ifiand of 

 Morty. N. lat. 2° 40'. E. long. 128" 15'. 



SOPRA, Ital. above, upper : as nelle parte difopra, in the 

 upper parts ; di fopra, above; contrapunto fnpra H foggettOt 

 counterpoint above the fubjeft. See Soggetto. 



SOPRANO, in Italian Mupc, means fupreme, or the 

 higheft vocal part. Its clef is that of the tenor or C clef on 

 the firfl. line. Mufic for a foprano or treble voice in Italy, 

 is always written in the C clef on the firll line, thence called 

 the foprano clef. The treble or G clef, in which we write 

 vocal treble parts, is called by the Italians, chiave di violino, 

 the violin clef, and only ufed for the higheft parts of inftru- 

 mental miific. 



SOPRON, in Geography. See Edenburg. 



SOQUA, a town of the duchy of Warfaw ; 60 miles 

 N. of Warlaw. 



SOR, a river of France, which runs into the Agout, fix 

 miles below Caftres. 



SoR. SeeTsoR. 



SOR A, in Botany, the name given by the people of 

 Guinea to a kind of ihrub which they ufe in medicine, boil- 

 ing it in water, and giving the decocUon in cafes of pain of 

 any kind. 



The leaves of this ftirub are of the fize and fhapeof thofc 

 of fenna; they ttand upon ihort footftalks, and are woolly 

 underneath. Philof. Tranf. No. 231. 



SoRA, in Ancient Geography, a town of Arabia Deferta, 

 on the confines of Mefopotamia. Ptolemy- — Alfo, a town 

 of India, on this fide of the Ganges, according to Ptolemy, 

 who gives it the title of " Arcati Regia." — Alfo, the name 

 of a town of Phoenicia. Steph. Byz. — Alfo, a town of 

 Italy, in Latium, towards the N.E., upon theLixis. Ac- 

 cording to Livy, it belonged to the Samnites. 



SoR.'v, in Geography, a town of Naples, in Lavora, the 

 fee of a biiliop, immediately under the pope; 31 miles 

 N.N.W. of Sezza. N. lat. 41° 47'. E. long. 13° 36'. 



SORACTES, in Ancient Geography, mountain^ of 

 Italy, in Etruria, on the confines of the .:ouiitrj- of the Fa- 

 lifci, and in the vicinity of the Tiber. 



SOR.S, a people of India, who dwelt in the vicinity of 

 Carmania and Gedrofia, near the river Caberon, according to 

 Phny. — Alfo, a people of India, on this fide of the Ganges, 



counted 



