sow 



lifh lolt fix (hips, and about 2003 men killed and wounded. 

 The Dutch loft only three (hips ; their lofs in men mutt have 

 been very great, but the States forbade the pubhcation. 

 Hiftorical Account of Dunwich, &c. 410. 1754. Beauties 

 of En^'land and Wales, vol. xiv. Su{rolk, by F. Schoberl. 



SOUTO Major, a town of Portugal, m the province 

 of Beira ; 14 miles N.W. of Pinhel. 



SOUTOUX, an Indian village of Louifiana, on the 

 W. fide of the Miffifippi river, oppofite to the Nine-mile 

 Rapids, and 28 above Riviere de la Roche. N. lat. 



41° 50'. , . ., 



SOUTSONE, a town of Little Bucharia ; ijo miles 



W.N.W. of Ca(hgar. „ ■ ^ n. 



SOUVERABO, a town of Africa, on the Grain Coatt. 

 SOUVERINHO, a town of Portugal, in the province 

 of Alentejo ; i 7 miles W.N.W. of O Crato. 



SOUVIGNY, a town of France, in the department of 

 the Allier, and chief place of a canton, in the diftrift of 

 Moulins; 6 miles W. of Moulins. The place contains 

 2659, and tiie canton 10,022 inhabitants, on a territory of 

 340 kiliometres, in 1 1 communes. 



SOUZA, Louis de, in Biography, a Portuguefe writer, 

 born at Santarem, v/as fon of a man of rank, governor of 

 the calUe of St. George de la Mina. He was educated to 

 the profeffion of arms, and ferved firft in the order of Malta, 

 when he was taken prifoner by the Turks. After recover- 

 ing his liberty, he ferved with the troops in America and the 

 Eall Indies. After this he married, but the lofs of a child 

 and other afflifting circumltances imprelTed both him and his 

 wife with a fpirit of devotion, and they took the religious 

 habit in the Dominican order, De Souza changing his bap- 

 tifmal name of Manuel for that of Louis. He had already 

 acquired a good (hare of hterature, and had written an ele- 

 gant preface to the Latin poems of Falcone. He was, 

 therefore, chofen to write the hiftory of his order in Portu- 

 gal in the vernacular tongue, of which he printed the firft 

 volume, folio, in 1623. From his papers two other volumes 

 were printed after his death. He was author alfo of the 

 ♦' Life of Dom. Bartholemew, one of the Martyrs," print- 

 ed in 1 61 9, and of which a French tranflation has been 

 given ; and " A Hiftory of John III. King of Portugal," 

 which has not been publilhed. De Souza is accounted one 

 of the beft writers of his country. 



SOW, in Geography, a river of England, in the county 

 of Stafford, which runs into the Trent, 3 miles E. of Staf- 

 ford. — Alfoy a river of England, in the county of Stafford, 

 which runs into the Avon, 4 miles N. of Warwick. 

 Sow, in Zoology. See Sus, Hoc, and Swine. 

 Sow, in the Iron-iuoris, the name of the block or lump 

 of metal they work at once in the iron-furnace. The fize 

 of thefe fows of iron is very different, even from the fame 

 workmen and the fame furnace. Thefe furnaces having 

 fand-ftone for their hearths and fides, up to the height of a 

 yard, and the reft being made of brick, the hearth, by the 

 force of the fire, is continually growing wider ; fo that if 

 it at firft contains as much metal as will make a fow of 6 or 

 7 cwt., at laft it will contain as much as will make a fow 

 of 20 cwt. 



Sow, in Ancltnl Military Language, a kind of covered 

 filed, fixed on wheels, under which the befiegers filled up 

 and pafled the ditch, fapped or mined the wall, and fome- 

 times worked a kuid of ram. 



Some fay it derived its name from the foldiers lying 

 under it clofe together, like pigs under a fow ; though 

 another reafon is given for that appellation, namely, its 

 being applied to digging and rooting up the earth. The 

 former was alluded to by the countefs who defended the 



SOW 



cattle of Dunbar againft king Edtvjrd III., when flie 

 threatened, that unlefs the Englifiimen kept their fow bet- 

 ter, (he would make her call her pigs. Camden, who men- 

 tions this circumftance, fays, " the fow is yet ufcd in Ire- 

 land." Two machines, the one called the boar and the 

 other the fow, were employed by the parliamentarians in the 

 fiege of Corfe-caftle, Dorfetfhire. The fow was fimilar in 

 conttruftion to the Callus, (which fee), cat-houfe, or cat, 

 fo called becaufe under it foldiers lay in watch, like a cat 

 for its prey ; fome of thefe cats had crenelles and chinks, 

 from whence the archers could difcharge their arrows ; thefe 

 were called caftclbted cats. 



Sow, or Hop-fo-w, in Agr'icullure, a name appli' \ in fome 

 dittridts, as in the county of Effex, to a tool or contrivance 

 for pulling or forcing up hop-poles out of the earth in 

 which they have been fixed. It is conftruded of a ftout 

 ttrong tapering fort of pole or (take, about three inches in 

 diameter, and five feet in length, to which, at the dillance 

 ef nearly a foot from thelowc" or larger end, is firmly fixed 

 and clinched a (mail bar of iron, about half an inch Iquare, 

 and a foot long, which is bent nearly in the middle, fo as to 

 form an acute angle with the (lake, four inches or rather 

 more being open at the upper end of it, which make a fort 

 of hook with the ftake, by which the pole io grafped, and 

 the infide of the iron bar being raifed and coughed by the 

 fmith, fomewhat in the manner of teeth, when fixed upon 

 the lower end of the hop-pole, near the furface of the 

 ground, is enabled to bite and hold it faft ; when, by the 

 lower end of the tool being made to reft upon the ground 

 on the oppofite fide of the hop-pole to that on which the 

 workman Hands, and the whole ading as a lever, is readily, 

 and with facility, made to raife or hft the hop-pole out of its 

 focket in the fohd ground, though it may be fet a foot or 

 more into it. 



It is a fimple, cheap, and effedlive invention for accom- 

 pli(hing this neceffary purpofe in hop-management. In the 

 county of Kent, the implement employed in the fame in- 

 tention is denominated a hop-dog ; and thofe in other hop 

 diitrifts have molt probably the fame name given to them. 

 See Hop. 



Sow-BreaJ, in Botany, &c. See Cyclamen. 



The roots of the round-leaved fow-bread with a purple 

 under-fide, have a naufeous, acrid, biting tafte : by drying 

 their acrimony is abated ; neverthelefs, when taken inter- 

 nally, they betray a great degree of irritating power. 

 Dried and powdered they have been given in dofes of a 

 drachm, and found to operate as a ftrong, inflammatory, 

 but (low cathartic. The juice is faid to purge when applied 

 externally to the belly in ointment ; and the juice or bruifed 

 root to be of great efficacy for foftening and difcuffing indo- 

 lent hard tumours. The flowers are of a different nature, 

 and have not been ufed medicinally ; and the ufe of the 

 roots is now, among us, in a great meafure, laid afide. 

 Lewis. 



Sov/-Th'i/lle. See Sonchus. 



The common fow-thiftle has been much recommended by 

 authors as a refrigerant and attenuant. It was prefcribed 

 by many of the old phyficians in ftranguries, and other dif- 

 orders of the urinary paffages ; and ordered externally in 

 cataplafms, in all kinds of inflammations. 



Sovf-Thi^le, Downy. See Andryala. 



Sow and Pigs, in Geography, rocks in the German fea, 

 near the E. coaft of England, and the county of Northum- 

 berland ; 3 miles E.N.E. of Blythe. N. lat. ^f 9'. 

 W. long. 1° 12'. — Alfo, rocks on the coaft of Maffachu- 

 fetts, in Buzzard's bay, lying off the SW. end of Catahank 

 ill and. 



SOWAGE- 



