SOX 



vented another to oppofe it, and being afted by Jafon where 

 he had found it, " Next to that which you have juR now 

 quoted," he replied. The fame which he had acquired 

 caufed him to be invited to Padua in 1489, with the offer 

 of a large falary, which he determined to accept, but liis 

 intentions being known he was detained. For fome time he 

 was profelFor at Padua. He died in 1507, having been 

 three years deprived of the ufe of his fpeech. His works 

 as an author were " Confultations," " Comments on the 

 Code and Digeit," the " Rule of Right," and other pieces of 

 a fimilar kind. He was not eltimable as a praftical morahlt. 

 He was addifted to gambling, and would fometimes leave 

 his fcholars without a leffon, and pafs whole nights at the 

 gaming table, the confequence of which moll deftruttive 

 habit was, that he did not leave money enough behind him 

 to pay the expences of his funeral. He was extremely 

 greedy of money, charged very high for his opinion, which 

 he would fometimes give to both parlies in a fuit. He was 

 free of fpeech, farcaftic and jocular. His faults were borne 

 with on account of his high profeffional charafter. Angelo 

 Politiano, fpeaking of his intended correftion of the Pan- 

 defts, fays, " I muil have recourfe to the affillance and ad- 

 vice of that Angularly excellent doftor of Siena, Bartolomeo 

 Soxini, whom I may boldly denominate the Papinian of our 

 age." 



Soxini, Mariano, denominated the younger, grand- 

 foii of the firll Manano, was born at Siena in 1482 : he 

 ftudied the law under his uncle Bartolomeo, and after tak- 

 ing his degree, taught alternately the civil and canon law at 

 his native city, till he removed to Paris in 1517- Return- 

 ing to Siena in 1524, he was employed as ambalfador to the 

 repubhc of Florence, and alfo to pope Leo X. He was 

 engaged in the following year by the republic of Venice, to 

 occupy a profeilorlhip at Padua. He remained at that uni- 

 verfity till the year 1542, when the offer of a higher falary 

 drew him to Bologna. Here he continued till his death, 

 though he received the moft flatterin" invitations, with the 

 promife of large falaries, from Cofmo, duke of Florence, 

 the king of Portugal, and other princes and dates. He 

 died in 1556, and his German fcholars in Bologna fliewed 

 their refpeft for his virtues and talents, by carrying his body 

 on their own (houlders to the tomb. He was author of 

 many works, which were once in confiderable etlimation, 

 though they are now forgotten. 



Soxini, Lelio, fon of the preceding, was born at Siena 

 in the year 1525. He was deltined by his father for the 

 legal profefTion, but having in the courfe of his lludies at- 

 tended to fcriptural truths, he felt reafon to queftion the 

 vahdity of the doftrines of the Catholic church. For the 

 purpofe of farther enquiry, he made himfelf acquainted 

 with the languages in which the Old and New Teltament 

 were written, alfo with the Arabic and other oriental lan- 

 guages. About the year 1546 he joined himfelf to a fociety 

 attached to the principles of reformation in religion, and the 

 members of which fpeculated very freely on the mylteries 

 contained in the doftrines of the Trinity, and the atone- 

 ment. Their objefts being difcovered, lome were appre- 

 hended, and others gladly fled from the iron arm of perfe- 

 cution. Two of thofe who fell into the hands of the priells 

 Uiffered death as heretics, and thofe who remained concealed 

 themfelves, or withdrew into foreign countries. The fubjeft 

 of this article quitted Italy in 1547, and travelled during tiie 

 four following years into France, England, Germany, and 

 Poland. He then fixed at Zurich, where he maintained a 

 correfpondence with the reformers in various parts of Eu- 

 rope, by whom he was held in hic^h eiteem, till he fhewed a 

 leaning to the doftriiies of Arianiim. Calyia, who was ever 



SPA 



eager in detefting herefy, wrote him a letter of admonition, 

 which was followed by a ftiU ftronger warning, the burning- 

 of Servetus, and which was fufficient to "deter Lelio from 

 taking a very aftive part in propagating the doftrines to 

 which he adhered. On the death of his father, in 1556, he 

 obtained letters of legation from the king of Poland to 

 Venice and Florence, which enabled him to fettle the affair* 

 of his inheritance. He died in 1562. He was mild and 

 gentle in difpofition, averfe from all controverfy, and v/as 

 evidently led by confcience to differ from thofe with whom 

 he lived. Some writings have been attributed to him, but 

 critics are very doubtful as to what he really wrote. Bayle. 



SOYDE, in Geography, a town of Norway; 36 miles 

 N. of Stavanger. 



SOYDPOUR, a town of Bengal; 25 miles S.W, of 

 Silhet. 



SOYLAND, a townfhip of the parifh of Halifax, 

 Yorkfhire. See Halifax. 



SOYOLLA, the principal ifland of a duller in the Red 

 fea. N. lat. 14° 2'. E. long. 59° 38'. 



SOYON, a town of France, in the department of the 

 Drome, on the Rhone ; 6 miles S. of Valence. 



SOZ, a river of Ruffia, which runs into the Dnieper, 16 

 miles S. of Bilitzi, in the government of Mogilev. 



SOZO, in Ancient Geography, a town of Afia, in the in- 

 terior of Media. Ptolemy. 



SOZOMEN, Her.mias, in Biography, an ecclefiaftical 

 hillorian, contemporary with Socrates (fee his article), was 

 born of refpeftable parents, as lome fay at Salamis, in the 

 ifle of Cyprus, but according to others, at Gaza or Bethe- 

 lia, in Paledine. Having fludied the law at Berytus, he 

 praftifed as an advocate at Conllaatinople, devoting his lei- 

 fure hours to the compofition of his ecclefiaftical hiltory. 

 This work contains, in nine books, an account of the affairs of 

 the church, from the third confulfhip of Crifpus and Con- 

 ftantine, Cxfars, to the 17th confulihip of Theodofius the 

 emperor, in whofe time he wrote, and to whom he dedicated 

 his performance ; that is, from the year 324 to the year 

 4?9, or during a period of 1 15 years. Cave reprelents him 

 as flouriihing about the year 440. In his hiilory, which is 

 written in a more florid and elegant ityle, but with lefs judg- 

 ment, than that of Socrates, he has introduced many 

 eulogiuws of a monallic life, to which he was attached in 

 confequence of his education among monks, and he has 

 added many narrations of the aftions and manners of the 

 reclufe, and his tellimony to the early practice of public 

 penance in the Roman church, together with a detail of the 

 particular ceremonies of which it confilted. To the ortho- 

 dox, however, he has given offence by his commendations of 

 Theodore of Mopfuelta, with whom originated the herefy 

 of two perfons in Chriit. His hiilory is chargeable with fe- 

 veral notorious errors in the relation of fafts. He is fup- 

 pofed to have died about the year 450. Sozomen's hiilory 

 is printed with that of Socrates, and the other Greek, ec- 

 clefiaftical hiltonans. A work of Sozomen, not now ex- 

 tant, containing, in two books, a fummary account of the 

 affairs of the church, from the afcenfion of Chrift to the 

 defeat of Licinius, was written before his hiilory. In mo- 

 deration and candour Sozomen refembled Socrates ; and it 

 is true of the former, as well as the latter, that he always 

 fpeaks with great refpeft of the facred fcriptures. Dupin. 

 Lardner. 



SPA, or Spaw, in Geography, a town of France, in the 

 department of the Ourte, belonging to the bilhopric of 

 Liege, in Germany, and fituated in the m.arquifate of 

 Franchimont, on a fmall river which runs into the Ourte. 

 It was formerly a fmall village, but fince the difcovery of 



