SPA 



SPA 



to France. The eleftor, being now acknowledged king of 

 PrufTia, conferred upon M. Spanheim the title of baron, 

 and fent him in the charafter of extraordinary minifter to 

 queen Anne of England. He was received at her court 

 with all the refpeft and honour due to his merit, and was, on 

 account of liis talents, clefted fellow of the Royal Society. 

 He died in this country, at the age of 8i. It is faid of this 

 author, that he filled his diplomatic charafter as if he were 

 entirely detached from letters, and his literary charafter as if 

 he had no concern with politics. His erudition was folid 

 and extenfive, of which he gave various proofs in his 

 writings. The earlielt of thefe were either theological or 

 juridical ; but he is bed known as an antiquarian and critic. 

 " His work," fays his biographer, " entitled ' De Ufu et 

 Preftantia Numifmatum Antiquorum,' in two volumes folio, 

 is accounted one of the bell treatifes that ever appeared on 

 the medallic fcience." His tranflation into French of the 

 " CKfars," of the emperor Julian, with illuftrations ; his edi- 

 tion of the fame work, with a preface and notes ; and his ob- 

 fervations on Callimachus and other authors, with fome dif- 

 fertations on^fubjefts of antiquity in the colleftion of Grx- 

 vius, are reckoned extremely valuable contributions to criti- 

 cal literature. The wife of this learned profeffor, who died 

 the year before him, was worthy to be his partner, from her 

 extraordinary acquifitions, being miftrefs of various Ian- 

 guages, and well acquainted with the philofophy of the 

 ancients. 



SPANIARD'S Bay, in Geography, a bay on the E. 

 coaft of the ifland of Cape Breton. — Alfo, a bay on the N. 

 coall of the fame ifland. N. lat. 46" 15'. W. long. 

 60° 20'. 



SPANIEL, HiSPANiOLUS, or Canis A-vlcularhts of Lin- 

 naeus, a variety of the Canis famUiaris, a fpecies of dog ufed 

 in fowling. See Dog. 



From the name, it may be fuppofed that we were in- 

 debted to Spain for this breed. There are two varieties 

 of this kisd ; the firll formerly ufed in liawking to fpring 

 the game, the fame with our Itarters ; the others ufed 

 only for the net, and formerly called index, or fetter. 

 This kingdom has been remarkable for producing dogs 

 of this fort, particular care having been taken to preferve 

 the breed in the utmoft purity. They are diltinguiflied by 

 the name of Englifh fpanicls ; fo that, notwithllanding 

 the derivation of the name, it is more than probable they 

 are natives of Great Britain. 



The pointer, which is a dog of foreign extraftion, was 

 unknown to our anceltors. 



The aquaticus, or finder, in Dr. Caius's fyftematic ar- 

 rangement (fee Dog), was the fame with our water fpaniel, 

 and ufed to find or recover the game that was loll. 



The fpaniel is of great ufc, but fubjeft to many dillem- 

 pers ; among thefe the mange is a very frequent one, and 

 is the moll pernicious of all others to his quiet and his 

 beauty ; and is very apt, when one dog has it, to (pread to 

 others that come in its way. As a remedy for tiiis dilcafe, 

 fome have recommended a decoftion of a large quantity of 

 brimllone, with fome common fait and wood-alhes, in water 

 and urine, of each equal quantities : this is to be ufed three 

 or four times a day, walhing the creature well with it before 

 the fire, or in the warm fun. If this is not llrong enough, 

 the lame ingredients, with the addition of a confiderable 

 quantity of wood-foot, are to be boiled in ftrong vinegar, 

 and the liquor uled in the fame manner; but this mull 

 never be ufed in cold weather, as it would then endanger 

 the creature's life. 



Wlrcn this difeafe is not in a violent degree, it may be 

 cured by the herb agrimony internally taken. The method 



is to pound the roots, leaves, and feeds of this plant in a 

 mortar, and mix them with a large quantity of wheaten- 

 bran ; they are to be then made into dough in the common 

 way, and baked in an oven ; the dog is to have no other 

 bread but this for fome time, but he is to eat of this as 

 often and as much as he will : this, without any further care, 

 has cured many. See Difeajes of Dogs, under Dog. 



Another very troublelome diforder in this creature, is 

 what is called \.\k formica : this in fells only the ears, and 

 is caufed by flies, and by the dog's fcratching for tliem. 

 The bell medicine for the cure of thefe is this ; take a 

 quantity of pure and clean gum tragacanth, infufe it in 

 white-wine vinegar ; let as much vinegar be ufed as will 

 ferve to foften it, and when it has lain a week in it, let it 

 be taken out and ground on a marble, as the painters grind 

 their colours, adding to it rock-alum and galls, reduced to 

 powder, of each two ounces ; all this is to be well mixed 

 together, and the matter, if it grows too llift in the grind- 

 ing, is to be moillened with fome of the vinegar in which 

 the gum was foaked : when all is thoroughly mixed, and 

 ground fine, it is to be put in a pallypot, and a fmall 

 quantity of it applied to the creature's ear every night, till 

 the complaint is removed. 



The fwelling of the throat is another difeafe very com- 

 mon to fpaniels, but the cure of this is eafy ; there needs 

 only to bathe it well with oil of chamomile, and afterwards 

 wa(h it with a mixture of vinegar and fait ; this done night 

 and morning, will, in a fe^v days, wholly remove the com- 

 plaint. Spaniels will fometimes, when they have much reit 

 and good food, lofe their fenfe of fmelling, but this is reco- 

 vered by a brillv purge and repeated airings ; a very common 

 dole, on this occafion, is a drachm of jalap, and two draclmis 

 of fal gem, mixed up into a bolus with oxyracl of fquiUs : 

 this is to be rubbed over with fome butter, and will be got 

 down in that manner pretty eafily, and will work brilkly. 

 Spaniel, Gentle. See Lap-doo. 



SPANISH jlcademy, Bible, Black, Brown, Coinage, 

 Coins, Epocha, Inquifilion, Language, Meafures, Order, 

 Plough, Silk, Soap, Wax, and ll/'hite. See each article, and 

 Spain. 



Spanish, or Lijhon, Bean, in /IgricuUure, the common 

 name of a particular fort of bean, which is fmallcr than the 

 long pod kuid, but which ripens about the fame time, and is 

 very produftive. See Bean. 



Spanish Broom, in Botany. See Spartium. 

 Span'isu Chefnut, in Planting, a tree of the deciduous 

 timber kind. See Ciie.sni;t-'/>(v. 



This is a moll valuable fort of tree, as it afford-, in a 

 quick, fpeedy, aiid abundant manner, the bell fort of hop. 

 pole that has yet beeii met with, and which far furpades 

 that of the afli, being confiderably more durable, 

 Spanish Elm, in Botany. See Cokdia. 

 Spanish Flits. See Canthahides. 

 Spanish Juice. See Liquorice. 



Spanish Potatoes, in Gardening, the common name of a 

 plant producing white, tuberous, eatable roots, fomewhal 

 like large kidney potatoes of the fame colour, and of a 

 fwcetilh talle. 'I'hey are ufually brought here from Spain. 

 See CoNVoi.vi.LUS. 



Spanish Sheep, in ylgriculture, a breed of very fine (hort- 

 wooUcd Iheep, originally imported into this country from 

 Spain. Sec Sheep. 



Spanish IVindlafs. See Windlass. 

 Spanish IVool. See Sheep and Wool. 

 Sp.vnisii Cove, in Geography, a creek at the weftern ex- 

 tremity of the county ot Cork, Ireland, between Crook- 

 havcji and Mizcn Point. 



3 L 2 Sfanish 



