S Q U 



tubercles. This is about four feet in lengtii ; tl.e colour i» 

 erev-brown above, whitifh beneath ; the body is roughened 

 with Icattered unequal tubercles, confiftmg of a broad round 

 bafe, and curved, lliarp-pointed tip ; in lome they are bitid ; 

 eves large ; fnout prominent and conic ; its gape is mode- 

 rate : the teeth of a fqua.ifh Ihape, compreffed, cornered at 

 the margins, and placed in feveral rows ; dorfal fins placed 

 near the tail, the firll oppofitethe ventral, which are fet at 

 an unufual diftance from the head, and are almoft as large 

 as the peaoral ; the tail is angular. 



• AcANTHiAs ; Picked Dog-fifh. Dorfal fins fpinous ; 

 the body is roundifh ; a variety has an ocellate body. This 

 fpecies inhabits moft feas : it is about three feet and a half 

 long ; the body above is blickifti, dotted fpanngly witli 

 white ; the fides are white, inclining to violet, with a tew 

 angulate tranfverfe furrows, beneath white; the fledi is ofteu 

 falted and eaten. 



Jacksonii. Eyes with a prominence over them on each 

 fide ; before each of the dorfal fins is a Itrong fpine. This 

 inhabits Port Jackfon, New Holland. It is not more than 

 two feet long ; the body is tapering, Ikin rough, above 

 brown, beneath paler ; the head is fomewhat convex ; teeth 

 numerous, in many rows, larger as they are placed back- 

 wards, forming a bony plate. 



Spinax. Body beneath blackifh. It is found in the 

 Indian ocean ; and, in its fpinous back-fins, it very much 

 refembles the lad. 



Squamosus. Body coated with fmall oblong fcales. 

 The body of this is three feet long, thick, round, rcfembhng 

 the next, except in having a longitudinal elevated line of 

 fcales down the middle. 



Centrina. Body nearly triangular. It is from three 

 to four feet in length ; the body above is brown, carinate, 

 beneath whitidi, broad ; flcin covered with hard, ereft tu- 

 bercles ; the flefh is very hard. 



Indicus. Back variegated, unarmed ; teeth acute. It 

 inhabits the Indian ocean. 



Amekicanus. Dorfal fins unarmed, the hinder one 

 larger, ventral large near the tail. It is found in the South 

 American feas ; is three feet long ; body round ; fcales 

 fmall, angular. 



* Squatina ; Angel Fifh. Peftoral fins very large, 

 and notched on the fore-part. This fpecies inhabits the 

 Northern feas, and is from fix to eight feet long ; it feeds 

 on lefl'er fifh, and brings forth thirteen young at a time. 

 The body above is cinereous, rough, with fmall recurved 

 prickles ; beneath it is fmooth, white. In its Ihape it ap- 

 proaches very nearly to the Ray genus. 



D. li^ilhoul Teeth. 



MassAsa. Peftoral fins long. An inhabitant of the 

 Red fea. 



Ku.MAL. Peftoral fins (hort ; the mouth with four cirri. 

 It inhabits the Red fea. 



Squalus is alfo a name given by Varro, Columella, Sal- 

 vian, and others, to a fpecies of cyprinus, diftinguidied by 

 Artedi by the name of tlie oblong cyprinus with long Icales, 

 and with the pinna ani containing eleven rays, and commonly 

 known with us under the name of chub or chevin. 



The generality of authors call it capita and cephalus, but 

 it is very improper to give diilinft generical names to fifh, 

 which are genuine fpecies of other genera. 



The name fqualus is originally Latin ; it is ufed by 

 Pliny, and m.any other of the old Roman authors, and is 

 derived from the word fqualor, becaufe this fifh is found to 

 delight in impure and dirty places. 



SQUAM, in Geography, an American lake, partly fitu. 



SQL ^ 



ated in the townfhip of Holdernefs in Grafton county, Ne\r 

 Hampfhire, and partly in StraflFord county ; r.bout five 

 miles long and four broad. — Alio, a river of New Hamp- 

 iliire, the outlet of the abore lake, which, after running a 

 fouth-weil courfe, joins the Pemigewafl'et, at the town of jj,, 

 New Chefter, lo miles above the mouth of the Wine- I 

 pifcogce branch. I 



Squam Beach, lies on the fea-coaft of New Jerfey, be- | 

 tvveen Barnegat inlet and Cranberry new inlet. ' 



Sqla.m Harbour, lies on the north-eafl fide of Cape 

 Amen, in the Itate of Maflachufetts. Squam (Pidgeon- 

 hill) lies in N- lat. 42^40'. W. long. 70° 36'. 



SQUAMARIA, in Botany, irom fquama, a fcale, in 

 allufion to its Icaly root, or fubterraneous item, ii Ri- 

 vinus's appellation for the Toothwort (tee Lathrjea); 

 and is Itill ufed generically by Haller and Scopoli, though 

 only fpecifically by Linnaeus. The fcales in queltion, bear- 

 ing a great refemblance in every thing but hardnefs to the 

 human fore-teeth, have given rife to the Englifh name, and i 

 to that of Dentaria, ufed by Matthiolus. But this plant T 

 mull not be confounded with the Linnarau Dentaria. 

 See that article. 



SQUAMIS, in Ichthyology, a name given by Albertus, 

 and others, to the filh called by us the m«nk, or angel-fiih, 

 by the generality of authors fquatina, and by the old Greek 

 writers rhine. See Squ.4LUS. 



SQUAMOSiE Sutum Add'itamentum, in AncUomy, the 

 portion of future which connefts the poderior inferior 

 length of the parietal to the malloid part of the temporal 

 bone. See Cranium. 



SQUAMOSE Culm, among Botan'ijl:. See Stalk. 



Squamose Root, one compofed of, or covered with lefler 

 flakes. See Root. 



SQUAMOUS, in Anatomy, a future of the head, made 

 by the thin edge of one bone overlapping a correfponding 



thin edge of another Alfo, the portion of the temporal 



bone entering into the formation of the fquamofz future 

 additamentum. See Cranium. 



SQUARCIONE, Francesco, in Biography, a painter, 

 born at Padua in 1394, more and better known as the 

 founder of a fchool of art, than for any particular works of 

 his own produftion. The fchool he maintained was fur- 

 nifhed with defigns and veltiges of antiquity, which he had 

 acquired not only in Italy, but alfo in Greece, whither he 

 travelled for the purpofe ; and it was at one time attended 

 by upwards of 130 itudents, fo that he acquired from it the 

 refpedablc title of the father of the young painters. One 

 pifture of his is more particularly noticed by Lanzi, which 

 was formerly in the church of the Carmelites at Padua, and 

 afterwards in the private poUeffion of the Conte de Lazara, 

 reprefenting St. Jerome lurrounded by three faints ; and he 

 fpeaks of it in terms of praife for fo early a produdion. It 

 was painted, according to an inlcription upon it, for the 

 noble family of Lazara, in 1452, and is figned Francefco 

 Squarcione. He died in 1474, at the age of 80. 



SQUARE, Qu.\DRATU.M, in Geometry, ■& quadrilaterSl 

 figure, whofc angles are right, and fides equal. 



Squaue, To Jind the Area of a. Seek the length of one 

 fide ; multiply this by itfelf ; and the produft is the area of 

 the fquare. Thus, if the length of a fide be 345, the area 

 will be 1 19025 ; and if the fide of a fquare be 10, the area 

 will be 100. 



Since, then, a decempeda contains 10 feet, a foot lo 

 digits, &c. a fquare decempeda contains 100 fquare feet, a 

 fquare foot 100 fquare digits, &c. 



Square, the Properties of a, are, that its angles are all 

 right, and, confequently, its fides perpendicular ; that it is 



divided 



