S Q U 



this problem fo as to be precifely exaft ; but they can eafily 

 come fo near it, as not to err fo much in the area as a grain 

 of fand would cover in a circle, whofe diameter is equal to 

 the diameter of Saturn's orbit. The following proportions 

 are near enough to the truth for any real ufe that can arife 

 from this problem. 



As loooooooo is to the diameter of the given circle, fo 

 is 88622692 to the fide of the fquare required. Therefore, 



If the Diameter The Side of ihe 



of the Circle be Square will be 



loooooooo 



10000000 

 I 000000 

 I 00000 

 lOOCO ■ - 



1000 

 100 

 10 

 I 



88622692. 

 8862269.2 

 886226.92 

 88622.692 



8862.2692 



886.22692 



88.622692 



8.8622692 

 0.88622692 



And, as loocooooo is to the fide of a given fquare, fo is 

 112837917 to the diameter of a circle very nearly equal to 

 the fquare. Therefore, 



If the Side of 

 the Square be 



loooooooo 



I 0000000 



1 000000 



I 00000 - 



1 0000 



1000 



100 



10 



I 



The Diameter of 

 the Circle will lie 



112837917. 

 I I28379I.7 

 1128379.17 

 112837.917 

 11283.7917 

 1128. 37917 

 II2.837917 

 11.2837917 

 1. 12837917 



See Circle, Diameter, and Quadrature. 



SQUARTIA, in Ichthyology, a fpecies of fi(h found in 

 the Eaft Indies, the (Ivin of which makes thefhagreen. 



SQUASH Gourd, in Gardening, the common name of 

 a particular fort of gourd-plant, with erecl Hems or italics. 

 See CucuuBiTA. 



Squa.sh Pear tree. See PEAR-/r«. 



SQUATAROLA, in Ornithology, a name given by the 

 Venetians to the grey plover, or p/uvieilis cinerea. 



SQUATINA, in Ichthyology, the monk-fjh, a fpecies of 

 the fqualus, called, in Italian, the pefce angelo, and thence 

 in Englifh the ani;tl-fi(h and monk-fifh. See Squalc'S. 



SQUATINATORIA, a name by whicii fome authors 

 have called the thinobatos, a fea-fi(h of a fort of middle na- 

 ture between the monk-fifh, orangel-fifh, and tlie ray. 



SQUATT, in Mineralogy, a term given by the Englifh 

 miners to a peculiar fort of bed of ore, lels valuable than 

 a load or vein, becaufe of its reaching but a little way. 



Though the ore of the fquatts is generally very rich and 

 good, not inferior in quality to the befl vein-ore, the miners 

 are often difappointed, on finding thefe fquatts inltead of the 

 right veins, after a long fearch. In the tin countries, the 

 way of fearching for mines is by looking after the Skoad- 

 Jiones, whicli fee. 



Thefe upper parts of the veins have been wafhed off, and 

 carried down the fides of the hills, in which the mines ufiially 

 lie, into the flat country ; but they always lie in a regular 

 and continued train, from the orilice of the mine to the 

 farthetl pan of the train ; fo that when but one Itone of this 

 kind is found, the miners arc certain of coming to the bed 

 of metal, on tracing it up to its head by the train. This 

 is a laborious and expenfive work, becaufe the Itonei never 



Voi,. XXXIII. 



S Q U 



lie on the furface, but at the different depths of one to ten 

 feet, or any depth between thefe. The fquatts have their 

 trains of flioad-ftones as well as the regular veins, and when 

 thefe are traced to the orifice, there is the appearance of a 

 rich load, which the proprietor is not thoroughly undeceived 

 in till the diggers come to the end of it. 



The fquatt is a bed of ore from three to ten fathoms long, 

 and ufually is about half as broad as it is long ; few are 

 larger than this ftandard, but many much lets. This is 

 always flat, and thence has its name ; the round collec- 

 tions of ore of the fame kind being called bonnies. The 

 fquatt communicates with no other load or vein, but is en- 

 tire of itfeif, and its extremities terminate at once, without 

 running into fe%'eral little ftringr-, in the manner of thofe of 

 the right veins. It does not lie within walls, as the loads or 

 veins always do, though it is always depofited in the fhelf, 

 or fafl ground ; that is, in ftrata that have not been moved. 

 Phil. Tranl. N'>69. 



SQUATUS, in Ichthyology, a name ufed by Pliny, and 

 other of the old Roman authors, to exprefs the fifh called 

 by the old Greek writers rhine, and by the moderns fguatina. 

 See Squalu.s. 



SQUIB and Mince-meat Manures, in ^Agriculture, are 

 terms which are applied to thofe forts which are collefted in 

 large towns, as the metropolis, and others. The former 

 chiefly confifts of the more fmall mixed powdery kinds, but 

 the latter principally of the inore reduced animal matters. 

 They would both feem to be fuperior to foot or malt-duft 

 in the trial of a writer in the Agricultural Report of the 

 County of Middlefex. See Soot and Manure. 

 SQUIBS. See Yiv^-lVorh. 



SQUILACHI, in Zoology, the name by which the mo- 

 dern Greeks call the jackall, or luj>us aureus of authors. 

 SQUILL. See SyiiLLA. 



Squill, Officinal, or Sea-onion, Scilla Maritima, in the 

 Materia Medica. The roots, or rather the bulbs, of this fpe- 

 cies are the parts that are ufed in medicine. Of thefe bulbs 

 there are two forts, the red and white, which are fuppofed to 

 be accidental varieties ; but for medicinal ufe the red is gene- 

 rally preferred, as it has been fuppofed to be more efficacious 

 than the other. They grow naturally on fea-fhores, or in 

 ditches where the falt-water flows hi with the tide, in moft of 

 the warm parts of Europe ; particularly on fandy fhores in 

 Spain and in the Levant, from whence we arc annu.illy I iipplied 

 wuh them. They fhould be chofen large, plump, frclh, and 

 full of a clammy juice. They are prcicrved frelh in fand ; 

 but as they are apt to fpoil, it is bell to keep them in the 

 dried flate. However, the frefh bulb iofes in drying about 

 four-fifths of its weight, without any confidcrable lofs of its 

 tafte or virtue : hence fotir grains, which are the mean dofc 

 of the dry bulb in powder, are equivalent to near a fcruple 

 of the frefh fquill. Neverthelefs, its acrimony, on which 

 its virtue depends, is partially diffipated by drying and long 

 keeping ; and completely deflroyed by heat. The molt 

 convenient way of drying it is, after peeling off the outer 

 fkin, to cut the bulbs tranlverfely into thin flices, and ex- 

 pofe them to a gentle warmth. Tiie ancients, in order to 

 abate the acrimimy of the fquill fir certain purpofei. after 

 feparating the llcin and fibres, enclofcd it m a palle made of 

 flonr and water, and then baked it in an oven, till (he ] .iltc 

 became dr)', and tlie Iqnill tlioroughly foft and tender. Tlie 

 fquill, fo prepared, was beaten with two-third> its wcigiit of 

 flour, the mixture formed into triciies, and dried with a 

 gentle heat. Thefe troclies were fuppofed to be alexipliar> 

 mic, and on this account were ufed . an ingredient in 

 theriaca, with which view tli -y are ftill retained. Water, 

 wine, proof-fpirit, and reftihed fpirit, extrad the virtue* 

 4 O both 



