S T A 



imbricated, of numerous linear leaflets. Perianth fuperior, 

 erea, of one leaf, is five deep acute fegments, permanent. 

 Cor. Petals five, (hort, oblong, obtufe, nearly upright, 

 with Hender claws. Stam. Filaments five, a«rl-fhaped, in- 

 ferted into the bottom of the calyx ; anthers roupdifh. PtH. 

 Germen inferior, turbinate ; ftyles two, combined, capil- 

 lary ; Itigmas fimple. Pnic. Berry coated, of five cells. 

 SetJs folitary. Common Riciptacle convex, villous, or chatty. 

 Eff. Ch. Flowers aggregate. Stamens inferted into 

 the calyx.' Styles two, united. Berry coated, with five 

 feeds. Common receptacle chaffy. 



1. S. radlata. Rayed Staavia. Willd. n. J. Ait. 

 n I. (Brunia radiata; Linn. Mant. 2. 209. Phylica 

 radiata; Linn. Sp. PI. 283. Chryfanthemum encoides 

 coronatum; Brcyn, Cent. 165. t. 82.)— Leaves lanceolate- 

 triangular. Coloured rays of the calyx fhorter than the 

 diameter of the head of flowers. — Native of the Cape of 

 Good Hope. A greenhoufe plant in England, flowering 

 in May and June, but of no itriking appearance. The 

 ftraight hairy branches of the bufliy Jkm are clothed with 

 numerous, little, alternate, heath-hke, fmooth, glaucous 

 Uaves, on fhort ftalks. The fowers are corymbofe, four 

 or five together at the fummit of each branch, looking not 

 unlike fome fmall kind of Jfer. The dillc is a quarter 

 of an inch broad, reddilh. Rays nearly the fame in length, 

 pale, obtufe, recurved. 



2. S. glutinofa. Clammy Staavia. Willd. n. 2. Ait. 

 n. 2. (Brunia glutinofa; Linn. Mant. 210.) — Leaves 

 linear-triangular. Coloured rays of the calyx rather longer 

 than the diameter of the head of flowers — From the fame 

 country. Introduced into England by Meflrs. Lee and 

 Kennedy in 1793- We find no figure that can be trufted, 

 though Plukcnet's t. 431. f. i. bears fome refemblance to 

 this fpecies. The leaves are longer and more flender than 

 the foregoing. Flowers folitary, full twice as large, with 

 copious, long, and (lender rays. The di/h is glutinous, 

 perhaps from abundance of honey, and is covered in the 

 dried fpecimens with fand, whence the name. 



STAB, in Geography, a town of Bohemia, in the circle 

 of Pilfen ; II miles S.S.W. of Pilfen. 



STABAT Mater Dolorofa. This celebrated elegy 

 in monkifh rhymes, written about the 14th century by 

 Jacoponus, a minor Francifcan friar, has been fet by all 

 the great maftcrs in Italy, and Roman Catholic compofers 

 in Germany ; but by none in fo happy and captivating a 

 manner as by Pergolefi. 



STABBIA, in Geography, a town of Etruria ; 1 1 miles 

 S.S.W. of Piltoya. 



STABBING, in Law- See Manslaughter. 



Stabbing of Haven Cattle, in Rural Economy. See 



HOVEN. 



STABILI SuoNi, in the Ancient Greek Mufic, were the 

 extremes, or lowed and higheft founds of each tetrachord, 

 which, founded together, conttituted the diateflaron, or 4th, 

 that was never changed as the two middle firings were, 

 which were elevated or lowered according to the genera, 

 and on that account were called mobiles, mobili fuoni. 



STABLE, in Rural Economy, a building or houfe con- 

 llrufted for horfes and other animals, being furniflied with 

 Halls and proper contrivances to contain their food and other 

 matter. 



Nothing conduces more to the health of a horfe than 

 the having a good and wholefome liable. The fituation 

 of a liable (hould always be in a good air, and on a firm, 

 dry, and hard ground, that in winter the horfe may come 

 in and go out clean. It Ihould always be built fomewhat 

 tin an afcent, that the urine -and other foulnefl'es may be 

 12 



S T A 



«afily conveyed away by means of drains or finks cut tof 

 that purpofe. 



As there is no animal that delights more in cleanlinefs than 

 the horfe, or that more abominates bad fmells, care (hould 

 be taken that there be no hog-ilie, hen-roolt, or neceffary. 

 houfe, near the place where the liable is to be built ; for 

 the fwallowing of feathers, which is very apt to happen 

 when hen-roolls are near, often proves mortal to horfes; and 

 the (teams of a bog-houfe, or hog's dung, will breed many 

 dillempers ; and particularly they will bring on the farcy 

 and blindnefs in many horfes. It is much better to build 

 the walls of a liable of brick than of (lone, for the former 

 is always dry, the other often fweats, and is very apt to be 

 damp, and to caufe rheums and catarrhs to liorfes that are 

 fet in the liable in damp weatlier. 



The walls ought to be made of a moderate thicknefs, 

 both for the fake of fafety, and warmth in winter, and to 

 keep off the heat of the fun in the midll of fummer, which 

 would fpoil the horfe's appetite, and fink his fpirits. The 

 windows (hould be made on the eaft and north fides of the 

 building, that the north air may be let in to cool the (lables 

 in fummer, and for the benefit of the rifing fun all the year 

 round, efpecially in winter. 



The windows (hould either be fafhed, or have large cafe- 

 ments, for the fake of letting in air enough ; and there 

 fnould always be clofe wooden (butters, that the light 

 may be (liut out at pleafure ; by which means the horfe 

 will be brought to deep in the middle of the day, as well 

 as in the night, when it is judged proper that he (hould 

 do fo. 



Many pave the whole liable with ftone ; but it is much 

 better to have that part which the horfe is to lie upon, 

 boarded with oak-planks ; for it will be not only eafier, 

 but more warm and comfortable to the animal. 



The boards mull be laid as even as polTibie, for this is 

 the way to make the creature lie mod at his eafe, and in 

 the mod healthful pollure. The dealers in horfes gene- 

 rally, indeed, make the boards be laid higher toward the 

 top, and (lanting down : this (hews a horfe to more advan- 

 tage as he lies, but it is very uncomfortable to the creature, 

 and his hinder parts are always flipping down, and the 

 hind legs are often made fubjeft to fwellings by it. 



The planks (hould be laid crolfwife, not lengthwife ; and 

 there are to be feveral holes bored through them to receive 

 the urine, and carry it off underneath the floor into fome 

 drain or common receptacle. The ground behind (hould 

 be raifed to a level with the planks, that the horfe may 

 always dand even, and the floor behind (hould be paved with 

 fmall pebbles, and the place where the rack flands (hould 

 be well wainfcotted. There are to be two rings placed on 

 each fide of the (tall for the horfe's halter to run through, 

 and a logger is to be fixed to the end of this, fufEcient to 

 poife it perpendicularly, but not fo heavy as to tire the 

 horfe, or to hinder him from eating. The bed place for 

 him to eat his corn in is a drawer, or locker, made in the 

 wainfcot partition ; this need not be large, and confequently 

 need not take up much room, fo that it may be eafily fixed, 

 and taken out to clean at pleafure ; by this means the com- 

 mon dirtinefs of a fixed manger is to be avoided. 



Many people are againd having a rack in their dables ; 

 they give the horfe his hay fprinkled upon his litter, and if 

 they think he treads it too much, or too foon, they only 

 nail up three or four boards, by way of a trough, to give 

 it to him in. The reafon of this is, that the continual 

 lifting up of the head to feed out of the rack is an unnatural 

 podure for a horfe, which was intended to take his food up 

 trom the ground, and maJies him, as they exprefs it, withy- 



cragged. 



