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»f Staffordfhire, by Dr. Plot, fol. 1686. A Map of the 

 County, begun in 1769, and tinlllied in 1775, by William 

 Gates, fix (beets. Account of StafFordfhire, in the Beau- 

 ties of Enrjland, vol. xiii. 



STAFFURTH, a town of Germany, in the principa- 

 lity of Anhalt-Bernburg ; 9 miles N.W. of Bernburjr. 

 STAFLEFIT, a town of Pruffia ; 7 miles S. of Culm. 

 STAG, or Jieil Deer, or I/art, in Zoology. See Ckr- 

 vus Elaphas. See alfo Deer, Hart, Hunting, and 

 Shot. 



Stag, in Rural Economy, a term applied provincially to 

 a young horfe. 



STAG-Beetle, in Natural Hi/lory, is the Lucanus Cervus 

 of Linnxus ; which fee. 



StAa-Evi/, or Hart, in horfes and neat cattle, a kind of 

 4aniverfal cramp or convulfion. See Hart. 



This is a difeafe with which young horfes are not unfre- 

 quently affecled. It moilly comes on after much expofure 

 to fevere cold, or a high degree of cold moilture, where 

 lieat takes place fuddenly afterwards, and fometimes in 

 cooling too quickly after great heat. It attacks the whole 

 body, but more particularly the joints, with a fort of fore- 

 nefs, rigidity, and Itiffnefs, which caufe the animals to move 

 nbout in a flow, aukward, almoft lifelefs manner. They 

 adually fall off in their appetites, and become incapable of 

 performing any kind of labour, and often even the mildeft 

 exercife diilrefles and inconveniences them in a liigh degree. 

 In its removal, calomel, with opium and the powder of 

 gum guaiacum, may be firft had recourfe to in the form of a 

 ball, made up with balfam copaiva, for fome days ; when 

 the ule of warm cordial llrengthening drinks or drenches, 

 with oak or Peruvian bark in fine powder, may be found 

 necedary to complete the cure ; the horfe during the time 

 being made to take as much gentle exercife as polTible. 

 And the ufeof a good dry grafs pafture is not unfrequently 

 of great benefit in completing the removal of the dilorder. 

 Neat cattle are likewife frequently fubjcft to a difeafe of 

 the fame nature, which, after much expofure to intenfe cold, 

 comes on. with a Itiffnefs in the joints, which is attended 

 with a lunrpy fwelling on them and the legs, after a little 

 time, without any inflammatory appearances. This ftiffnefs 

 and forencfs fometimes extend over the whole body, 

 fo that the beafts become incapable of rifing, when down, 

 without aftiltance. Where the chine or back is particularly 

 affefted, the difeafe is moitly denominated the i:/.i;n("yi//on, • 

 but where the joints have more of the diforder than any 

 other part, it is commonly termed the joint fi/lon, or joint 

 evil ; and where the whole body is deranged and difordered, 

 it has often the name of coldfellon given it. 



The difeafe is particularly liable to attack niilch-cows and 

 young cattle in the fpring feafon, being occafioned pro- 

 bably by their being kept through the winter in a low weak 

 Aate, and fuddenly expofed in the fpring to the extreme 

 coldnefs of the north and north-eafterly winds, in low damp 

 fituations, or other fimilar places. 



In order to remove the diforder, a ball of the fame kind 

 as that for horfes may be given for fome days, until tiie fore- 

 nefs and ftiffnefs begin to go tff, when recourfe fliould be 

 had to fuch powders or balls as thofe recommended below, 

 given in a hornful or two of warm ale. 



Tlie powder of gum guaiacum, in the quantity of about 

 an ounce, with an ounce and a half of iEthiop's mineral, or 

 fulphuretted quickfilver, and two ounces of the grains of 

 paradife, in fine powder : or, camphor in the proportion of 

 about a drachm and a half, rubbed with a few drops of the 

 fpirit of wine, to which may be added guaiacum and Peru- 

 vian bark in fine powder, of each about an ounce and a 



ays 



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half, warm feeds in powder three ounces, and treacle or 

 honey two or three ounces, to form a fort of ball. 



The drinks of this fort may be continued occafionally for 

 fome time. And much utility may at firll be derived from 

 the ufe of a comfortable houfe of fome kind or other for 

 containing the animals, and afterwards by their being turned 

 into dry warm paflurcs, when the feafon admits. 



The rubbing of the fwellings in the joints with ftrong 

 camphorated turpentine embrocations, as frequently prac 

 tifed, is moflly improper, fometimes injurious, and alway! 

 hazardous. 



Where the difeafe changes to, or puts on the appearance of 

 a more inflammatory nature, as that of the acute rheumatic 

 kind, with fever, pain, and tumefadlion of or about the 

 joints, it may be on fome occafions neceffary to refort to re- 

 medies of the camphor kind, with calomel, and a fmall pro- 

 portion of opium, giving at the fame time fome fort of 

 adive opening or purging medicines. The above cordial 

 llrengthening bark-powdery remedy will afterwards, for 

 the mod part, be of great utility. 



STAG-Horn Tree, in Gardening. See Rhus. 



STAG-Worms, in Natural Hi/lory, a name given to a fpe- 

 cies of worms produced from the eggs of a fly, and lodged in 

 a very ftrange place behind, and under the palate of the 

 ftag, or deer's mouth. 



They are always found in great numbers together, and 

 are contained in flefhy bags, which arc placed as the almonds 

 of the ears in the human fpecies. The huntfmen are well ac- 

 quainted with thefe worms, and are of opinion that they are 

 the caufc of the falling off of the creature's horns ; they 

 eat their way to thefe, according to their opinion, through 

 the proper parts of tlie head, and then gnawing them round 

 at the roots, they are forced to fall, like a tree that is fawed 

 off at the bottom. This, however, is a vulgar error. 



M. Reaumur has abundantly proved, that thefe worms 

 never attempt fo ftrange a pafl"age ; they always remain where 

 they are firit found till they are in a Hate to change into the 

 flies to whofe eggs they owe their origin, and whofe forms 

 they are at length to affume. Reaumur's Hill. Inf. vol. ix. 

 p. 8. 



STAGE, in the Modern Drama, the place of aftion and 

 reprefentation ; mcluded between the pit and the fcencs. 



The ftage anfwers to the profcenium or pulpitum of the 

 ancient theatre. 



For an account of the Englifh flagc, fee Mvstery, 

 Pi,AVHOusE, and Scene. See alfo Dramatic Machinery, 



and SCENOGRAPHY. 



Unlicenfed ilage-plays are deemed public nuifances, and 

 may, upon indiftment, be fnpprefled and fined. 



Stage, Laws of the, are the rules and decorums to be 

 oblervcd, with regard to the economy and conduft of a 

 dramatic performance to be exhibited on the llagc. Thefe 

 relate, principally, to the unities, the difpofition of the atls 

 and Icenes, the unravelling, &c. 



Stage alfo denotes a certain dillance to which ftnfT ii to 

 be wheeled, at Hated prices /i<t cubic yard : the ufual llage i» 

 an interval of 20 yards ; but on very lleep or quite level 

 wheeling, they are fometimes reckoned 15 yards, and in 

 other cafes 2 y yards. 



Stacie IJland, in Geography, a fmall American ifland, 

 near the coalt of Maine, not far from Cafco bay, remark- 

 able for being the firll land inhabited by Europeans in New 

 England. It is not now uninhabited. 



STAGEBORG, a town of Sweden, in Ealt Gothland ; 

 15 miles S.E. of Nordkiopiiig. 



STAGG ARD, among Sport/men, a male deer only four 

 years old. 



4 T 2 STAGGERS, 



