T A L 



two or three feet high, fimple, leafy, downy. Leavts slier- 

 natc, ftalked, eUiplical, pointed, from three to fix inches 

 long, downy, with tooth-like fcrratures. The variety with 

 a creeping root has fmooth leaves, and we ftiould prefume it 

 may be a diftind fpecies. The Jlawers are yellow, about an 

 inch lont^, numerous, in a long compound clujler, with ovate 

 purple iraatoj. Berry hlaek, with two hard feeds — -Tliis 

 plant grows abundantly in the fandy meadows of the idand 

 of Cayenne, as well as on the continent of Ssuth America, 

 bearing flowers and fruit all fummer long. 



TALIGONG, in Geography, a town of Hindooftan, in 

 the Carnatic ; 7 miles N. of Tcrriore. 



TALIGOV, a town of Ruflia, in the government of 

 Riga ; 24 miles N. of Dorpat. 



TALIHOU, afmallilland, with a lazaretto, onthecoaft 

 of France. At low-water the land which joins to the con- 

 tinent is dry ; 3 miles N. of La Hogue. N. lat. 49° 36'. 

 W. long. 1° 9'. 



TALINA, a town of Peru ; 50 miles E.S.E. of Lipes. 



TA-LIN-HO, a town of Chinefe T.artary. N. lat. 41° 

 10'. E. long. 1 20'' 50'. 



TALINUM, in Botany, a genus of Adanfon's, well 

 feparated by him from the Linnian Portulaca. ( See that 

 article.) Its name no one, not even De Theis, has under- 

 taken to explain ; Adanfon having given fo many barbarous, 

 and even arbitrary ones, that the inquiry might well be 

 deemed alike hopelcfs and unprofitable. We conjefture, 

 however, that he muft have had in liis mind the verb SaA?.ie, 

 to ie verdant, or fiouri/hing, and confequently OxMc, or 9a>dcc, 

 M green bough ; for he often wrote words with a T which in 

 Greek begin with a 9 ; and the above idea is fuitable enough 

 to the fucculent, and durably verdant, habit of the genus. 

 We hence learn the true accentuation of the word, 7a/T««m. 

 Ehrhart called this fame genus Rulingia, after Dr. John 

 Philip Killings, who publifhed at Gottingen, in 1774, a 

 catalogue of the genera of plants, difpofed in natural orders. 

 Linnaeus had formerly diftinguifhed it by the name of 



jinacampferos Adanf. Fam. v. 2. 245. JulT. 312. Willd. 



Sp. PI. V. 2. 862. Ait. Hort. Kew. v. 3. 148. Purlh 365. 

 Lamarck lUuftr. t. 402. Gsrtn. t. 128. (Riilingia; Ehrh. 

 Beitr. v. 3. 132. Orygia ; Forik. ^gypt.-Arab. 103. 

 Anacampferos ; Linn. Gen. ed. i. 152. Sims in Curt. 

 Mag. p. 1367.) — Clafs and order, PolyanJrla Monogynia. 

 (Dodecandria Monogynia, Willd.) Nat. Ord. Succulenta, 

 Linn. Portulacett, JufT. 



Gen. Ch. Cal. Perianth inferior, of two or five oblong, 

 rather unequal, permanent leaves. Cor. Petals five, fpread- 

 Ing, ovate, obtufe, as long or longer than the calyx. Stam. 

 Filaments numerous, capillary, not half fo long as the 

 corolla ; anthers incumbent, oblong. Pijl. Germen fupe- 

 rior, roundiih ; ftyle fimple, about as long as the corolla ; 

 ftigmas three, oblong, reflexed. Perk. Capfule ovate, of 

 one cell, and three, five, or fix valves. Seeds numerous, 

 roundifh, affixed to a globular central receptacle. 



EfT. Ch. Petals five. Calyx of two or five leaves. Cap- 

 fule fuperior, with from three to fix valves, one cell, and 

 many feeds. 



SeAion I. Stipulas none. Seeds without wings. 

 I. T. trianguhire. Triangular-ftalked Yellow Talinum. 

 Willd. n. I. Ait. n. i. (Portulaca triangularis; Jacq. 

 Amer. 147. Obf. fafc. 1. 35. t. 23. P. racemofa ; Linn. 

 Sp. PI. 640. Heliaiithemum frutefcens, portulacas foho ; 

 Plum. Ic. 142. t. 150. f. 2.) — Leaves flat, channelled, 

 wedge-(haped, emarginate, with a fmall point. Clufter 



fimple, with a triangular ft.ilk. Stem fpreading Native 



of the fea-lhores of the Weft Indies. Cultivated in Chelfea 

 garden in 1739. Mr. Alton fays it bloflbms in the ftove, 



T A L 



moll part of liic fummer. The Jlcm is Ihrubby, two feet 

 high, round, fmooth, branched, decuii.Vient in the lower 

 part. Leaves fcattered, about one and a hai£ or two inches 

 long, fucculent, fmooth, fliining, brittle, entire aithe edges; 

 occafionally convex, being reflexed at the fides, tapering at 

 the bafe into a fliort footftalk. Flowers two or nwre, on a 

 terminal triangular ftalk, very elegant, of a brilliant yellow, 

 without fcent. Calyx of two leaves. Capfule with tlisee 

 valves. 



2. T. crajftcaule. Thick-ftemmed Red Talinum. (T. 

 craflifolium; Willd. n.2. T. patens; Andr. Repof. t.253., 

 Ait. n. 2. Portulaca craflicaulis ; Jacq. Hort. Vind. v. 3. 

 29. t. 52. P. craffifolia ; Murray in Linn. Syft. Veg. ed. 

 14. 446.) — Leaves flat, obovate, entire at the point. Co- 

 rymbs compound, elongated. Stem ereift — Native pro- 

 bably of the Well Indies. Jacquin cultivated it at Vienna, 

 and we have feen it flowering in many of the Englifh ftoves. 

 This differs from the former in its more ereft and thicker 



fiem, as well as in the fine pink colour of ilsjloiuers. The 

 leaves moreover are not emarginate. The corymbofe, or 

 panicled, many-flowered /aMj, at firft terminal, are fome- 

 times overtopped by the aggregate leafy branches, and thus 

 become lateral, or axillary. Murray, from mere inadver- 

 tence in tranfcribing, altered Jacquin's original name, for 

 one which has here no appropriate meaning — Willdenow 

 feems to have copied him, without feeing the work of Jac- 

 quin ; which from this, and fome other inilances, we fufpeft 

 he had not in his pofleffion. We do not think it neceifary 

 to perpetuate fuch an error, any more than that of Andrews, 

 who took this plant for Willdenow's T. patens, fee n. 4. 



3. T . fruticofum. Shrubby White Talinum. Willd. n. 7. 

 (Portulaca fruticofa; Linn. Syft. Veg. ed. 13. 371. P. 

 paniculata ; Linn. Sp. PI. 640. P. americana latifolia 

 erefta, floribus albis ; Comm. Hort. v. i. 7. t. 4.) — Leaves 

 flat, obovate, fomewhat emarginate. Corymbs compound, 

 elongated. Stem creft. Calyx of five leaves. — Native of 

 the Weft Indies, or of South America. This fpecies, a 

 ftranger to our gardens, appears to differ eifentially from the 

 two foregoing in having five leaves to the calyx, inftead of 

 two ; to fay notliing of the white petals. In habit, leaves, 

 and injlorefcence, it comes very near the laft. The capfule is 

 faid to confift of three valves in both. 



4. T. patens. Panicled Red Talinum. Willd. n. 4. 

 Haworth Succ. PL 123. (T. panic ulatum ; Gsertn. v. 2. 

 219. Portulaca patens ; Linn. Mant. 242. Jacq. Hort. 

 Vind. V. 2. 71. t. 151. P. paniculata ; Jacq. Amer. 148.) 

 — Leaves flat, obovate, obtufe. Panicle repeatedly com- 

 pound, forked, many -flowered. — Native of rocks on the 

 fea-coaft of Martinico and Hifpaniola. Jacquin. We have 

 feen it in the Englifh ftoves, as Mr. Haworth likewife 

 appears to have done, when he remarks that the patens of 

 Andrews is a widely different plant. ( See our 2d fpecies. ) 

 That before us has an upright fhrubby Jlem, one and a half 

 or two feet high, branched ; fomewhat quadrangular below. 

 Leaves fcattered, or imperfeftly oppofite, obovate, lanceo- 

 late or oval, more or lefs obtufe, very fmooth and juicy ; the 

 lower ones three inches long, the reft fhorter ; all tapering 

 at the bafe into a fhort fuutjlalh. Panicles folitary at the 

 top of the ftem and branches, creft, from fix to ten inches 

 long, with numerous, moftly oppofite, repeatedly fubdivided, 

 and partly forked, flendtr, fmooth, fpreading ftalks, accom- 

 pariied here and there by fmall lanceolate bradttas at their 

 bafe. Flowers numerous, fmall, inodorous. Calyx of two 

 orbicular, concave, red, widely fpreading leaves. Petals 

 five, obovate, red, thrice the fize of the calyx, hkevpife 

 widely fpreading. Capfule globofe, fmaller than a pepper- 

 corn, its three valves, whi^h Jacquin defcribes as double, or of 



twe 



