T A M 



have no mark by wliich we cm afcertain its native country, 

 though w- fufpoft tlicm to have been fent from the Eall 

 Indies. The jointed appearance of the young branches, and 

 the (heathing abrupt form of the leaves, approach thofe of 

 T. arlkulata; but the leaves have mucli more elongated and 

 tapering points, and every part is twice the fizc of that 

 fpecics. T\\c foliage moreover is much lefs evidently dotted. 

 Flowers large, feffile, with lanceolate, membranous-edged 

 braBeas, whofe points are longer than the calyx, and very 

 flender. Segments of the calyx elliptical, obtufe, flat. 

 Petals obovate. Stamens eight or ten, we cannot be certain 

 which is their general number. Capfules prifmatic, glau- 

 cous, three-quarters of an inch long. Seed-dotvn long and 

 feathery. 



6. T. fongarica. Songarian Tamarifl<. "Pallas Nov. 

 Aa. Petrop. v. lO. 374. t. 10. f. 4." Willd. n. 3.—" Sta- 

 mens eight or ten. Flowers axillary, fomewhat fpiked. 

 Leaves flefliy, obtufe, triangular." — Gathered by Pallas, in 

 a fait foil, on the banks of the Songari. We know nothing 

 of this fpecies but from Willdenow. The " triangular blunt 

 leaves" indicate an effential difference from the lalh 



7. T. germanica. German Tamarifl<;. Linn. Sp. PI. 387. 

 Willd. n. 4. Ait. n. 2. Fl. Dan. t. 234. Mill. Ic. t. 262. 

 f. 2. Pall. Rofs. V. I. p. 2. 73. t. 80. (Tamarifcus ger- 

 manica ; Ger. Em. 1378. Lob. Ic. 218. Myrica ; Camer. 

 Epit. 74. f. 2.) — Stamens ten, monadelphous. Cluiters 

 terminal. Leaves linear-lanceolate, feffile, obtufe. — Native 

 of fwamps in Germany, Siberia, Switzerland, and the 

 mountains of Dauria and Caucafus. Common in our gar- 

 dens, where it flowers in the open air from June to Sep- 

 tember. Mr. Aiton fays, on Hakluyt's authority, that this 

 was the fpecies introduced by archbilhop Grindall ; fee T. 

 gallica. Gcrarde fpeaks of both as profpering well in the 

 EngUfh gardens. The prefent is a more upright and ghu- 

 consjljrub than the gallica, as well as larger in all its parts. 

 Leaves feflile, imbricated, channelled, dotted, entirely point- 

 lefs, not dilated at the bafe. Brafleas ovate, pointed, with 

 membranous edges. Segments of the calyx ovato-lanceolate, 

 likewife membranous at the fides. Petals obovate, flefh- 

 coloured, not much longer than the calyx. Capfule glaucous, 

 the fize and fliape of our T. mucronata. Seed-doivn long and 

 finely feathery. 



Pallas figures what he conceives to be an annual herbaceous 

 variety of this fpecies, of which, not having feen it, we do 

 not feel ourfelves competent to give an opinion. 



Tamaiux, in Gardening, furniflies plants of the hardy, 

 deciduous, tree and fhrub kinds, of which the fpecies that 

 are cultivated are, the French tamaridc (T. gallica) ; and 

 the German tamarifl-c (T. germanica). 



Though the firft in its native fituation grows to a tree of 

 middling fize, in this climate it feldom rifes more than four- 

 teen or fixteen feet high, fendmg out many flender branches, 

 moll of which fpread out flat, and hang downward at their 

 ends, being rather of a flirubby nature. It is prevalent in 

 the fouth of France, and in other fouthern coimtries. 



But the fecond fpecies is rather a flirub than a tree, having 

 feveral woody ftalks arifing from the fame root, which grow 

 quite ereft, fending out many fide branches, which are alfo 

 ereft. It is found in many parts of Germany, &c. 



Method of Culture — AH thefe plants may be increafed 

 either by laying down their tender fhoots in autumn, or by 

 planting cuttings in an eaft border, which will take root in 

 a ftiort time, if they are fupphed with water in the fpring, 

 before they begin to fhoot in dry weather ; but they (hould 

 not be removed until the following autumn, at which time 

 they may be either placed in a nurfery, to be trained up two 

 or three years, or where they are defigned to remain, mulch- 



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ing their roots, and watering them according as the feafon 

 requires, until they have taken root ; after which, the only- 

 culture they wiU require is to prune off the ftraggling flioots, 

 and keep the ground clear about them. 



The layer method is not only tedious, but unneceffary, as 

 the cuttings grow readily, and the layers often will not 

 ilrike at all. The cuttings fliould be of the lalt fummer's 

 flioots, and a moiil border is mofl proper for them. In two 

 years they will be good plants for the fhrubbery% and may 

 be planted out in almofl any foil, though they like a light, 

 moiit earth befl:, efpecially the latter fort, which grows na- 

 turally in low watery fituations. 



Both thefe plants are of a rather haidy nature, and beau- 

 tiful in their fohage and fine fpikes of flowers. They will 

 fucceed in almoft any fort of foil and fituation. 



They are very ornamental in the fhrubbery borders, clumps, 

 and other parts of grounds. 



The former fort has likewife been lately recommended as a 

 beneficial plant for forming quick or living hedges with, in 

 fuch fituations as are cxpofed much to the fea-air and blafts, 

 as it has been found to ftand fuch expofures remarkably well, 

 where not affefted by the winter trofts, of which it is ra- 

 ther impatient. See Quick Hedges, and Tamarfsk- 

 Plant. 



TAMARUS, in Ancient Geography, a river of the ifle of 

 Albion, which ftill retains its ancient name, being called 

 Tamar, from Tamara, a gentle river ; and its mouth is 

 Plymouth haven. 



TAMASA, or Tamasi, in Hindoo Mythology, is a name 

 given to the goddefs Parvati, in her black charafler ; the 

 word meaning blacknefs or darknefs . The name of Tamas, 

 or Tamafa, was given to a dark, gloomy, aftronomical cha- 

 rafter, called Rahu, (fee that article,) and Ketu, the names 

 feverally of the dragon's head and tail, or the afcending and 

 defcending nodes of aftrologers. One of the fons of Pa- 

 vaka, the Hindoo fire-king, is likewife named Tamafa. 

 (See Pavaka.) Alfo one of thofe mythological, or hif- 

 torical perfonages, called Menus, of whom fee under Menu. 

 In the Sanfcrit tongue, the root tarn is prolific of derivations 

 indicating properties of a dark, or gloomy, or malignant 

 tendency. 



Tamasa, in Geography, a river of Afia, in Mingrelia, 

 which difcharges itfelf into the Black fea. 



TAMASIDAVA, in Jncient Geography, a town fituated 

 in the interior of Lower Moefia, at fome diftance from the 

 river Hierafus. 



TAMASQUI, in Geography, a town of Mexico, in the 

 province of Guafleca ; 36 miles W.S.W. of St. Yago de 

 los Valles. 



TAMASSUS, in Ancient Geography, a town fituated in 

 the interior of the ifle of Cyprus, W. of Ledra, on one of 

 the flreams which formed the Pedaeus. 



TAMATAMQUE, or Villa de las Palmas, in Geogra- 

 phy, a town of South America, in the kingdom of Gra- 

 nada, on the river St. Martha ; 25 miles S. of TenerifFe. 



TAMATIA, in Ornithology, the name of a very flrange 

 bird of the Brafils. It is a fpecies of Bucco in the Linnaean 

 fyftem by Gmelin, and the fpotted-bellied barbut of 

 Latham. 



Its head is very large ; its eyes large and black ; its beak 

 is two fingers breadth long, and one broad, fliaped fome- 

 what hke a duck's, but pointed at the end ; its upper chap 

 is black, its under one yellow ; its legs are long, and the 

 thighs in great part naked ; its toes are long ; its tail is very 

 fhort ; its head is black, ,aid its back and wings of a plain 

 duflcy brown ; its belly is of the fame brown, variegated 

 with white. 



TAMATMA, 



