rden 

 oc- 



tlie 

 and 



TAN 



fpreadinff widely round, they (hould be cut in, or be flipped 

 occafionally, otherwnfe they are apt to overrun the ground ; 

 and to have the ground dug between the plants annually. 



All the latter forts are fomewhat tender, but only re- 

 quire (belter from froft, being kept in pots, and deporited 

 among the grcenhoufe plants, and treated as other (hrubby 

 exotics of that collection. They effeft a very agreeable 

 variety at all times of the year, but particularly m fummer 

 and autumn, when in flower. 



The common tanfy has been long cultivated in the gan 

 as a culinary and medicinal herb ; the leaves bemg ufed 

 cafionally while young and tender, in fallads during 

 fprini' feafon, as well as for making cakes, puddings, 

 many other (imilar articles. The powder of the dried leaves, 

 the feeds, and the flowers, have alfo been fometimes employed 

 as a remedy againft worms. . . 



The curled and variegated forts or varieties are pnncipaUy 

 made ufe of for ornamental purpofes. 



The earl of Dundonald has propofed the cultivation ot 

 the tanacetum, or tanfy, for the produftion of potafs, 

 averting that it will yield more of this alkah than can be 

 procured from an equal weiglit of any other vegetable. 

 Tasacetum, in the Materia Maiica. See Tansy. 

 TANADASSA, in Jncienl Geo^rap/jy, a town oi Africa 

 Propria, on the route from the Grand Leptis to Tacapae. 



TANjECIUM, in Botany, fo named by Dr. Swartz, 

 on account of its very long climbing ftem and branches, 

 from TX.MKW, Jl retched out, or rather having an elongated point. 

 —Swartz Prodr. 91. Ind. Occ. 1049. t. zo. Schreb. Gen. 

 412. 834. Willd. Sp. PI. v. 3. 312. Mart. Mill. Dirt. 



V. 4. Clafs and order, Didynamia Angiofpermia. Nat. Ord. 



Lurtdt, or perhaps Putaminea, Linn. Swartz. Akin to 

 Solanaceit, Ju(r. 



Gen. Ch. Ca!. Perianth inferior, of one leaf, tubular, 

 undivided, abrupt, nearly or quite entire. Cor. of one 

 petal, long ; tube cylindrical, dilated upwards, limb fpread- 

 ing, in five, fomewhat unequal, or two-lipped, deep feg- 

 ments. Stam. Filaments four, Iborter than the tube of the 

 corolla, two of them rather (horter than the reft, with an 

 intermediate rudiment of a fifth ; anthers two-lobed. Pijl. 

 Germen fupcrior, roundifti, feated on an annular receptacle ; 

 ftyle fimple, about the length of the ftamens ; ftigma of two 

 thick fpreading lobes. Peric. Berry very large, globofe or 

 oblong, on a (hort ftalk, of two cells, with a hard coat. 

 Seeds fmall, numerous, oblong, angular, inferted into a 

 central globofe receptacle. 



EfT. Ch. Calyx cylindrical, undivided, abrupt. Corolla 

 tubular, rather unequal, five-cleft. Rudiment of a fiftli 

 ftamen. Berry coated, of two cells, with many feeds. 



Obf. This genus furely belongs to the Lurida: of Lln- 

 nxus, and is confiderably akin to another genus of Swart/.'s, 

 the SoLASDRA, fee that article, though he does not appear 

 to advert to this affinity. 



I. T- parajilicum. Simple -leaved Tancecium. Willd. 

 n. I. Swartz Ind. Occ. 1053. Jacq. Hort. Schoenbr. 



V. I. 61. t. 1 15 Leaves fimple, ovate, coriaceous. Stem 



fhrubby, climbing parafitically. — Native of woods ffi the 

 weftern part of Jamaica. Stem when young clofcly at- 

 tached by fibrous radicles to the trunks of trees, round, 

 with a grey rugged bark ; when full-grown, it often de- 

 cays below, fupporting itfelf altogether parafitically, and 

 fending out round, fpreading, fmooth, leafy branches. 

 Leaves oppofite, on ihort thick ftalks, five or fix inches 

 long, entire, acute, fcaicely pointed, fmooth, of a fine 

 (hining green, with one rib, and many oblique veins. 

 plovitr-fialh axillary, (hort, each bearing about four elegant 



TAN 



drooping Jlowers, about an inch and a half long. Calyx 

 fwelling, purpli(h-red, contrafted at the mouth, quite en- 

 tire. Corolla with a pale yellowidi tube, and crimfon, 

 fpreading or reflexed, border, whofe fegments are rounded, 

 and nearly uniform, the lowermoft only a little the largeft, 

 and folding over the mouth like a Ud, before the flower ex- 

 pands. Berry globofe, as big as a fmall apple, with a 

 brown brittle coat. Swartz once found a fruit with three 

 cells. 



2. T. Jaroba. Three-leaved Tanxcium. Willd. n. 2. 

 Swartz Ind. Occ. 1050. t. 20. f. I. (Jaroba; Marcgr. 

 Brafil. 25. Pis. Biafil. 173. Cucurbitifera fruticofa tri- 

 folia fcandens ; Sloane Jam. v. 2. 175.) — Lower leaves ter- 

 nate ; upper in pairs, with an intermediate terminal tendril. 

 Stem climbing. — Native of woods, on the banks of rivers, 

 in the weftern part of Jamaica. Swartz found it in flower 

 in February, climbing to the top of a tree of the Bignonia 

 leucoxyhn. The fhrubby Jlem mounts to a great height, 

 where it has an opportunity of fupport, fending out long, 

 pendulous, round, flightly ftriated, herbaceous branches. 

 Leaves oppolite, ftalked ; the lower ones with three ovate, 

 pointed, entire, ribbed, fmooth, fcarcely coriaceous, leaflets, 

 each half a foot long ; upper of two rather fmaller ones, 

 with a flender rigid tendril in tlie place of a third leaflet, by 

 which tile branches are fupported on thofe of neighbouring 

 trees. Clujlers axillary, of few flowers, with thick, round, 

 oppofite ftalks. Flowers white, fhort -lived. Calyx gibbous 

 at the bafe ; fometimes very minutely five-toothed at the 

 margin. Corolla funnel-fliaped ; its tube fix or feven inches 

 long, fwelling at the top, downy both within and without ; 

 fegments of the limb ovate, wavy or plaited, about three- 

 quarters of an inch in length, all nearly equal, though the 

 two uppermoft arc, as in the former fpecies, lefs deeply fe- 

 parated. Berry verj^ large, a foot long, oval, pendulous, 

 fmooth, brittle when ripe. Seeds large, broad, compreffed, 

 lying clofely over each other. The Portuguefe call this 

 plant Cafca amargofa, on account of its bitteniefs. 



3. T.? pinnatum. Pinnate Tanxcium. Willd. n. 3, 

 (Crefcentia pinnata ; Jacq. Coll. v. 3. 203. t. 18.) — Leaves 



pinnate. Stem arboreous, ereft Native of Mozambique, 



where it is called Kigelikeia, and from whence it was carried 

 to the ifles of Mauritius or Bourbon, and thus got into the 

 imperial gardens at Schoeubrun, being accompanied by a dif- 

 fefted drawing of the jloiver, which is all that Jacquin has 

 exhibited of the plant. The young tree, about feven feet 

 high, and four inches in the diameter of its trunk, bore in 

 the ftove feveral branches, ■vn'Cd alternate pinnate leaves, each 

 of four pair of oblong leaflets with an odd one, all coria- 

 ceous, obtufe with a point, undulated, fparingly and (harply 

 ferrated ; fmooth above ; roughifti to the touch beneath ; 

 the largeft near fix inches long ; the odd one on a confider- 

 able partial ftalk. The Jlowers are faid to grow on the 

 trunk and older branches, but of their mode of infertion or 

 inflorefcence we have no account. The calyx is ovate, tu- 

 bular, fmooth, palcifh-green, about an inch long, with five 

 acute, rather deep, red fegments. Tube of the corolla cy- 

 lindrical, pale, the length of the calyx ; limb very large, 

 bell-(haped, three inches long, with five acute, unequal, re- 

 flexed, marginal lobes ; its outfide ftrongly and copioufly 

 ribbed, pale, with a tinge of red ; the whole infide of a fine 

 crimfon. The fifth Jlamen is apparently perfeft, with an 

 anther, though but half the length of the others ; all the 

 filaments hairy. Germen accompanied at the bafe by five 

 glands. Stigma of two lanceolate plates. Berry as large as 

 a man's head, coated, full of pulp, in which the feeds are 

 lodged. — Jacquin was doubtful of the genus of this magni- 

 ficent 



