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TAPOAMANAO, in Geography. See Sir Charles 

 Saisueks'/ IJhnd. 



TAPO AN A, a river of Brafil, which runs into the fca, 

 S. lat. 2 1^ lo'. 



TAPOCOROI, a river of Brafil, whicli runs into the fea, 

 S. lat. 27". 



TAPOGOMEA, in Botany, from the Caribbean name 

 of one of the fpecies, Tapogomo ; Aubl. Guian. 157. .luff. 

 208. Sec Cai.licocca. 



TAPOOKAS, in Geography, a town of the ftate of 

 Georgia, on tlic Yazoo. N. lat. 35° 57'. W. long. 



TAPOOL, a fmall ifland m the Sooloo Archipelago. 

 N. lat. 5' 37'. E. long. 120° 52'. 



TAPObR, a town of Hindooftan, in the Myforc ; 

 15 miles S.S.W. of Darampoory. — Alfo, a river of Hin- 

 dooftan, which runs into the Cauvery, 4 miles N. of Cave- 

 ripatam. 



TAPOSIRIS, in ylncient Geography, a town of Egypt, 

 at fome dillance from the fea, between Cynofl'cma and Pin- 

 thyna. — Alfo, another town, called Parva Tapofiris, on a 

 tongue of land between the fea and the canal which pafled 

 from Canopus to Alexandria. 



TAPPA, in Geography, one of the fmall Molucca iflands ; 

 feparated by a narrow channel from Latalatta : on it is a 



fool of frefh water ; a little to the north of the line. 

 ;. long. 127^ 5'. 



TAPPAHANOCK, a town of the United States 

 of America, in Virginia, on a fmall river, which runs into 

 the Rappalianock ; 43 miles N.E. of Richmond. N. lat. 

 57= 58'. W. long. 76^ 55'. 



TAPPALANG, a town on the weft coaft of the ifland 

 of Celebes. S. lat. 2° 25'. E. long. 1 19° 5'. 



TAPPAN. See Oraxgk-town-. 



TAPPANOOLY, a fea-port town of the ifland of Su- 

 matra, fituated on the weft coaft, in the country of Batta, 

 on a fmall ifland called Punchongcacheeie. The bay is 

 very deep, capable of containing the united navies of Eu- 

 rope, and confifting of a number of harbours within one 

 another. The bay ftretches into the heart of the Batta do- 

 rninions, and its borders are inhabited by that people, who 

 barter here the produce of their country for fuch articles as 

 they want. The Englifli Eaft India company have a fac- 

 tory here. N. lat. 1° 40'. E. long. 98° 12'. 



TAPPI, or Tai'I, called by the Moors Chedder, a river 

 of Hindooftan, which, as Thevenot fays, has its fource 

 ten miles from the little town of Brempore, in the kingdom 

 and mountains of Deccan, and runs into the fea about z\ 

 leagues below Sural. The Banians and Gentoos efteem this 

 a very holy river. 



TAPPING, tiie aft of piercing a hole in a veffel, and 

 applying a tube, or cannula, in the aperture, for the com- 

 modious drawing off the liquors contained therein. 



Tapping, in Agriculture, is the making an incifion in the 

 bark of a tree, and letting out the juice. 



To tap a tree at the root, is to open it round about the 

 root. 



Ratray, the learned Scot, affirms, that he has found by 

 experiment, that the liquor, which may be drawn from the 

 birch-tree in the fpring-time, is equal to the whole weight of 

 the tree, branches, roots, and all together. 



In the tapping of trees, the juice, taken in from the 

 earth, afctaids from the root ; and, after it is concofted and 

 affimilated in the branches, Ac. it defcends, Uke a hquor in 

 ao alembic, to the orifice or incifion where it iflues out. 



One of the moft effeftual wayj of tapping, fo as to obtain 

 the greateft quantity of fap in the Ihorteft time, is not only 



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to pierce the bark, or to cut the body of the tree almoft t» 

 the pith, with a chiftel (as fome have direfted), but to bore 

 it quite through all the circles, on both fides of tin- pith, 

 leaving only the outermoft and the bark on the north-eaft 

 fide unpierced. 



This hole is to be bored floping upwards, as large as the 

 largeft auger will make ; and that alfo through and \nider a 

 large arm near the ground. So will it not need any ftone to 

 keep open tiie orifice, nor tap to direft the fap into the 

 receiver. 



By this method the tree will, in a fliort time, afford liquor 

 enough for brewing ; and with fome of this fweet fap, one 

 bufliel of malt will make as good ale as four bufttels of malt 

 with ordinary water. The large maple, which we call the 

 fycamore, is faid to yield the beft brewing fap, its juice 

 being very fweet and wholefome. See Betula. 



To preferve the Sap for Breiuing Infolate it by a conftant 



expofure to the fun in proper veflels, till the reft be gathered 

 and ready, otherwife it \\ ill contraft an acidity ; when there 

 is enougii, put into it as much very thin cut and hard-toafted 

 rye-bread, as will ferve to ferment it ; and when it works, 

 take out the bread, and bottle up the liquor. A few cloves 

 in each veftel that receives the fap, as it oozes from the tree, 

 will alfo, certainly, preferve it a twelvemonth. See Dr. 

 Tonge's Obf. in the Philofophical Tranfaftions, W 43, 44. 

 46. 68. or Abr. vol. ii. p. 673, &c. 



Tapping of Oaklings and other Trees, the praftice of cutting 

 off^ the tap-roots of young oaks and other trees or plants of 

 that kind. 



It has been noticed by Mr. Nicol, in his work on planting, 

 that thofe who are in favour of this method, rather tlian that 

 of fowing the feeds of thefe forts of trees, fuppofe that 

 tapping the downward roots of the young plants while they 

 are in the nurfery plantation, has the power and capability 

 of making their roots ever afterward have a horizontal ten- 

 dency in the earth or foil ; that in confequence of it they are 

 not liable to injury by infinuating themfelves downwards into 

 bad foil ; and that by a plentiful planting of nurfing plants, 

 to draw them upright, the neceflity of heading them down 

 is prevented. But that thefe are correft and folid arguments, 

 he thinks, it is much to be queftioned. No doubt, he fup- 

 pofes, exifts that tapping is of infinite advantage to all tap- 

 rooted plants of the tree kind, previous to their removal, 

 fince it caufes them to put forth fibres on the upper part of 

 the root, which they otherwife would not have done ; fitting 

 them thereby for being tranfplanted into ftiallow foils, and 

 for feeking pafturage for the fuftenance of the plants. But 

 that the roots will, ever afterwards, have a horizontal ten- 

 dency, may, it is believed, be fairly denied. Every plant, 

 unlefs conftrained, it is maintained, will follow its own na- 

 tural inchnations and habits of growth. Nor can all the art 

 of man prevent a downward tendency in the roots of thefe 

 forts of tree-plants, and at the fame time allow them depth 

 of foil. See Tav-RooI. 



Tapping o/" Springs, the praftice of boring through the 

 furface covering materiids of land with the auger, and 

 letting oft" the hurtful water which is pent up, confined, 

 and contained in the clayey bed or ftratum below. See 

 SpRlNG-Z)ra/n. 



Tapping, a term applied to an operation which is fome- 

 times performed on ftieep for removing a difeafe of the local 

 dropfical kind in the head. It is executed either by means 

 of a very large pin, or a trocar made for the purpofe. See 

 Sturdy. 



Tapping, in Mechanics, a term applied to the making and ' 

 reftifying of female fcrews by means of a tap, ;'. e. a Icrew 

 prepared and referved for this purpofe. The procefs, which . 

 J confift-s 



